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The Roles of Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Syndrome

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2026) | Viewed by 386

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
2. Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
Interests: metabolic syndrome; oxidative stress; inflammation; non-communicable chronic diseases; obesity; diet; nutrition; lifestyle

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
2. Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
3. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
Interests: non-communicable chronic diseases; obesity; diet; nutrition; lifestyle; oxidative stress; inflammation
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A growing body of evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome by promoting chronic low-grade inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endothelial damage. The excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and DNA damage, exacerbating metabolic disturbances and accelerating disease progression. Understanding the interplay between oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome is crucial for identifying potential therapeutic targets and preventive strategies.

This Special Issue aims to gather original research and review articles that explore the molecular mechanisms linking oxidative stress to metabolic syndrome, as well as potential interventions to mitigate its effects. We welcome contributions on topics such as oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant therapies, dietary and lifestyle interventions, and novel pharmacological approaches. Studies focusing on clinical, experimental, and epidemiological perspectives are encouraged to be submitted to provide a comprehensive understanding of this complex interplay. This Special Issue aims to enhance our understanding and promote innovative strategies for managing metabolic syndrome and its associated complications through pioneering research.

Dr. Maria Magdalena Quetglas-Llabrés
Dr. Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • oxidative stress
  • metabolic syndrome
  • inflammation
  • antioxidants
  • human chronic diseases
  • cardiometabolic diseases
  • nutrition
  • lifestyle

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 1463 KB  
Article
Sex-Specific Effects of Obesity Severity on Circulating Inflammatory Mediators and Immune Cell Gene Expression
by Xavier Capó, Miguel David Ferrer, Antoni Sureda, Maria Magdalena Quetglas-Llabrés, Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida, Maria del Mar Bibiloni, Silvia García, Marina Ródenas-Munar, Lucia Ugarriza, David Mateos, Cristina Bouzas, Josep Antoni Tur and Antoni Pons
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(7), 3314; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27073314 - 7 Apr 2026
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation and immunometabolic dysfunction. However, the influence of obesity degree on circulating inflammatory mediators and immune-cell–specific molecular pathways remains poorly defined. We aimed to examine the effects of obesity severity on plasma cytokines and adipokines, and on [...] Read more.
Obesity is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation and immunometabolic dysfunction. However, the influence of obesity degree on circulating inflammatory mediators and immune-cell–specific molecular pathways remains poorly defined. We aimed to examine the effects of obesity severity on plasma cytokines and adipokines, and on the expression of inflammatory, antioxidant, and mitochondrial genes in peripheral immune cells, with emphasis on gender differences. In this cross-sectional study, 134 adults aged 55–80 years were stratified into overweight, moderate, or severe obesity groups. Plasma cytokine and adipokine levels were quantified with multiplex immunoassays. Gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and neutrophils was measured by quantitative PCR. Standard hematological parameters were assessed. Two-way analysis of variance and correlation analyses were performed to evaluate associations between obesity severity, gender, circulating biomarkers, and gene expression. Severity of obesity was associated with distinct alterations in circulating inflammatory profiles in a gender-dependent manner. Women exhibited progressive increases in plasma interleukin (IL)-6 with obesity severity, whereas men with severe obesity demonstrated elevated IL-15 and IL-1rα plasma levels. Hematological responses also differed by gender. In contrast, expression of classical inflammatory genes in immune cells was largely unchanged across obesity categories. Women showed higher expression of antioxidant and mitochondrial genes than men, suggesting gender-specific resilience in redox and mitochondrial pathways. Correlations between circulating inflammatory mediators and immune-cell gene expression were generally weak. Obesity severity and gender modulate systemic inflammatory, while immune-cell transcriptional responses are limited, highlighting the importance of gender-specific immunometabolic characterization in obesity research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Roles of Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Syndrome)
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