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2nd Edition: The Role of Interleukin in Health and Diseases
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2nd Edition: The Role of Interleukin in Health and Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 June 2022) | Viewed by 5268

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yuji Takeda

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Immunology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
Interests: biodefence; cancer immunity; cytokine; diversity of myeloid cell; diversity of cell signaling; immunology; inflammatory disease; innate immunity; myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC); neutrophils
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Interleukin is a general term for physiologically active substances produced by various cells including immune cells. Most interleukins are glycoproteins, the molecular weight of which is around 10,000 to 100,000. One interleukin molecule exerts various physiological activities. Interestingly, a cascade network of interleukin production exists with its inhibitor production. Therefore, interleukins are essential for cells to interact with each other, and are also called "words" used by cells. Words (interleukins) harmonize the innate immune system and the acquired immune system, and then defend from infection.

Recently, autoimmune diseases, cancer (carcinogenesis/angiogenesis/metastasis), neurodegenerative diseases, arteriosclerotic diseases, and COVID-19 cytokine storm have been added to the definition of words classified as inflammatory cytokines. To read these words, studies on interleukin production mechanisms, gene regulation mechanisms, receptor systems, and signal transduction have been vigorously conducted, and the meaning of words has become clearer. Furthermore, words are released not only from immune cells but also from various tissues such as fat, muscle, and nerve. By reading words from various tissues, it is possible to understand the homeostatic breakdown in a body.

At present, we are able to read some of the words and to assume the behavior of cells. By overwriting cell words with anti-TNFα antibody, anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, IL-1ra, and JAK inhibitor, it has become possible to suppress the behavior of inflammatory cells. However, we have not yet fully understood the complex conversations created by cell interactions. In the future, understanding the network structure of words as conversation will open a new avenue to develop therapies for various diseases.

The Special Issue "Interleukin" covers the actions of interleukins in various diseases, production mechanisms, gene regulation mechanisms, receptor systems, signal transduction, and systems biological approaches. We hope that this Special Issue will provide a platform for enhancing research on interleukins.

Dr. Yuji Takeda
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • interleukin
  • ILs
  • receptor system
  • signal transduction
  • gene regulation
  • inflammation
  • autoimmune disease

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 2344 KiB  
Article
IL11 Stimulates IL33 Expression and Proinflammatory Fibroblast Activation across Tissues
by Anissa A. Widjaja, Sonia Chothani, Sivakumar Viswanathan, Joyce Wei Ting Goh, Wei-Wen Lim and Stuart A. Cook
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(16), 8900; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23168900 - 10 Aug 2022
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 4871
Abstract
Interleukin 11 (IL11) is upregulated in inflammatory conditions, where it is mostly believed to have anti-inflammatory activity. However, recent studies suggest instead that IL11 promotes inflammation by activating fibroblasts. Here, we assessed whether IL11 is pro- or anti-inflammatory in fibroblasts. Primary cultures of [...] Read more.
Interleukin 11 (IL11) is upregulated in inflammatory conditions, where it is mostly believed to have anti-inflammatory activity. However, recent studies suggest instead that IL11 promotes inflammation by activating fibroblasts. Here, we assessed whether IL11 is pro- or anti-inflammatory in fibroblasts. Primary cultures of human kidney, lung or skin fibroblasts were stimulated with IL11 that resulted in the transient phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and the sustained activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK). RNA sequencing over a time course of IL11 stimulation revealed a robust but short-lived transcriptional response that was enriched for gene set hallmarks of inflammation and characterized by the upregulation of SERPINB2, TNFRSF18, Interleukin 33 (IL33), CCL20, IL1RL1, CXCL3/5/8, ICAM1 and IL11 itself. IL33 was the most upregulated signaling factor (38-fold, p = 9.8 × 10−5), and IL1RL1, its cognate receptor, was similarly increased (18-fold, p = 1.1 × 10−34). In proteomic studies, IL11 triggered a proinflammatory secretome with the notable upregulation of IL8, IL6, MCP1, CCL20 and CXCL1/5/6, which are important chemotaxins for neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. IL11 induced IL33 expression across fibroblast types, and the inhibition of STAT3 but not of MEK/ERK prevented this. These data establish IL11 as pro-inflammatory with specific importance for priming the IL33 alarmin response in inflammatory fibroblasts across tissues. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2nd Edition: The Role of Interleukin in Health and Diseases)
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