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Gene Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation in Plants
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Gene Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation in Plants

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Informatics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 8681

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Anna M. Mastrangelo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
Interests: transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms; genetic analysis of quantitative traits related to grain yield and quality of cereals; functional analysis of abiotic stress regulated genes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

The dissection of the genetic and molecular basis of traits of agronomic importance, in the last few years, has revealed a web of regulatory mechanisms which fine-tune trait expression and integrate both environmental and developmental signals. This regulation can occur at different levels, from regulation of steady-state amount and exon/intron or domain composition of transcripts and proteins, respectively, to control of covalent modifications and sub-cellular localization of proteins. Cross-talk across these regulation layers can ensure a temporally- and spatially-coordinated plant response, through proper tuning of the expression of down-stream genes. Moreover, dynamics of co-evolution have been observed for large families of regulators of gene expression and of regulated genes.

The purpose of this Special Issue (which should report information or viewpoints of outstanding novelty) is to explore the mechanisms regulating gene expression for traits of interest in crops and model species, at all levels, from transcripts to proteins. Studies focusing on the natural genetic diversity that exists among genotypes in a particular species for key components of the regulatory networks will also be appreciated.

Dr. Anna M. Mastrangelo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Regulation of gene expression
  • Alternative splicing
  • mRNA/protein stability
  • small/microRNA
  • Post-translational modification

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 6817 KiB  
Article
Antisense Expression of Apple TFL1-like Gene (MdTFL1) Promotes Early Flowering and Causes Phenotypic Changes in Tobacco
by Van Giap Do, Youngsuk Lee, Seonae Kim, Hunjoong Kweon and Gyungran Do
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(11), 6006; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116006 - 26 May 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2416
Abstract
Apples (Malus × domestica Borkh.) require up to several years for flowering and bearing fruits. The transition from vegetative to reproductive phase is controlled by floral regulators such as TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). TFL1 mediates the [...] Read more.
Apples (Malus × domestica Borkh.) require up to several years for flowering and bearing fruits. The transition from vegetative to reproductive phase is controlled by floral regulators such as TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). TFL1 mediates the maintenance of vegetative phase, unlike the antagonistic function of FT to promote the transition into reproductive phase. In this study, we isolated apple TFL1-like gene (MdTFL1) to elucidate various phenotypic traits triggered by the antisense expression of MdTFL1 in tobacco apart from its floral induction function. Early flowering was observed in the tobacco line with MdTFL1 knockout, indicating the reduced time for transition to vegetative phases. Quantitative reverse-transcription PCR showed upregulation of genes involved in the regulation of floral induction, including NtAP1, NtSOC1, NFL1, and NtFTs, and downregulation of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs) and CEN-like genes in transgenic lines. Interestingly, transgenic tobacco expressing antisense MdTFL1 exhibited distinct morphological changes in lateral shoot outgrowth, internode length, and the development of leaves, flowers, and fruits. The results suggested that using the antisense expression of MdTFL1 gene is one of the approaches to shorten the vegetable phase and proposed improvement of plant architecture in horticultural crops. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation in Plants)
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24 pages, 4533 KiB  
Article
Insights into the Transcriptional Reprogramming in Tomato Response to PSTVd Variants Using Network Approaches
by Katia Aviña-Padilla, Octavio Zambada-Moreno, Gabriel Emilio Herrera-Oropeza, Marco A. Jimenez-Limas, Peter Abrahamian, Rosemarie W. Hammond and Maribel Hernández-Rosales
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(11), 5983; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23115983 - 26 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2633
Abstract
Viroids are the smallest pathogens of angiosperms, consisting of non-coding RNAs that cause severe diseases in agronomic crops. Symptoms associated with viroid infection are linked to developmental alterations due to genetic regulation. To understand the global mechanisms of host viroid response, we implemented [...] Read more.
Viroids are the smallest pathogens of angiosperms, consisting of non-coding RNAs that cause severe diseases in agronomic crops. Symptoms associated with viroid infection are linked to developmental alterations due to genetic regulation. To understand the global mechanisms of host viroid response, we implemented network approaches to identify master transcription regulators and their differentially expressed targets in tomato infected with mild and severe variants of PSTVd. Our approach integrates root and leaf transcriptomic data, gene regulatory network analysis, and identification of affected biological processes. Our results reveal that specific bHLH, MYB, and ERF transcription factors regulate genes involved in molecular mechanisms underlying critical signaling pathways. Functional enrichment of regulons shows that bHLH-MTRs are linked to metabolism and plant defense, while MYB-MTRs are involved in signaling and hormone-related processes. Strikingly, a member of the bHLH-TF family has a specific potential role as a microprotein involved in the post-translational regulation of hormone signaling events. We found that ERF-MTRs are characteristic of severe symptoms, while ZNF-TF, tf3a-TF, BZIP-TFs, and NAC-TF act as unique MTRs. Altogether, our results lay a foundation for further research on the PSTVd and host genome interaction, providing evidence for identifying potential key genes that influence symptom development in tomato plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation in Plants)
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25 pages, 3721 KiB  
Article
Comparing Early Transcriptomic Responses of 18 Soybean (Glycine max) Genotypes to Iron Stress
by Daniel R. Kohlhase, Chantal E. McCabe, Asheesh K. Singh, Jamie A. O’Rourke and Michelle A. Graham
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(21), 11643; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111643 - 28 Oct 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2948
Abstract
Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) is an abiotic stress that negatively affects soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) production. Much of our knowledge of IDC stress responses is derived from model plant species. Gene expression, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, and genome-wide association studies [...] Read more.
Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) is an abiotic stress that negatively affects soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) production. Much of our knowledge of IDC stress responses is derived from model plant species. Gene expression, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) performed in soybean suggest that stress response differences exist between model and crop species. Our current understanding of the molecular response to IDC in soybeans is largely derived from gene expression studies using near-isogenic lines differing in iron efficiency. To improve iron efficiency in soybeans and other crops, we need to expand gene expression studies to include the diversity present in germplasm collections. Therefore, we collected 216 purified RNA samples (18 genotypes, two tissue types [leaves and roots], two iron treatments [sufficient and deficient], three replicates) and used RNA sequencing to examine the expression differences of 18 diverse soybean genotypes in response to iron deficiency. We found a rapid response to iron deficiency across genotypes, most responding within 60 min of stress. There was little evidence of an overlap of specific differentially expressed genes, and comparisons of gene ontology terms and transcription factor families suggest the utilization of different pathways in the stress response. These initial findings suggest an untapped genetic potential within the soybean germplasm collection that could be used for the continued improvement of iron efficiency in soybean. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation in Plants)
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