Management of Kidney Transplant Immunosuppression

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Nephrology & Urology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2024) | Viewed by 959

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
Interests: kidney transplantation; management of highly sensitized patients; management of recipients with failing transplants; post-transplant viral infections (CMV and BKV); immune-mediated kidney disease; clinical trials

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Guest Editor
Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Interests: transplant immunology; immunosuppression; regulatory T cells; cell therapies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Kidney transplantation is transformative, resulting in significant improvements in both quality of life and life expectancy compared to dialysis. However, transplant recipients must take drugs to suppress their immune system. These include induction treatment at the time of transplantation followed by lifelong maintenance treatment. A challenge for patients and clinicians is the balance between sufficient immunosuppression to prevent rejection, and the emergence of opportunistic infections and malignancy because of over-immunosuppression. This has led to a search for a more personalised approach, including both novel therapies and monitoring strategies, tailored for recipient characteristics. Despite recent advances, many challenges remain.

Current treatment options are far from perfect: side effects are frequent. Calcineurin inhibitors form the cornerstone of post-transplant immunosuppressive regimens but may themselves result in nephrotoxicity. Transplants frequently do not function for the lifetime of recipients, with the development of chronic allograft nephropathy a consequence of both immune and non-immune mechanisms. There is very little evidence to guide the management of immunosuppression for those with failing transplants and at the time of re-transplantation.

In this Special Issue of the Journal of Clinical Medicine, we invite you to describe recent advances, novel treatments and the personalisation of immunosuppression in the field of kidney transplantation. We welcome original investigations, review articles and short communications.

Prof. Dr. Sîan Griffin
Dr. Caroline Dudreuilh
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • kidney
  • transplant
  • immunosuppression
  • induction, toxicity
  • personalisation
  • cell therapies
  • sensitisation
  • monitoring
  • chronic allograft nephropathy
  • tolerance

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

12 pages, 4212 KiB  
Review
Granulomatous Tubulointerstitial Nephritis in a Kidney Allograft: Treatment with Interleukin-6 Receptor Antagonist Stabilises Kidney Function
by Gabriel T. Doctor, Caroline Dudreuilh, Ranmith Perera and Anthony Dorling
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(12), 3427; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13123427 - 11 Jun 2024
Viewed by 572
Abstract
Granulomatous tubulointerstitial nephritis (GTIN) attributed to early onset sarcoidosis is an ultrarare finding in an allograft kidney biopsy. We present the case of a young man with allograft dysfunction who had GTIN upon biopsy. We performed a thorough case review based on recovered [...] Read more.
Granulomatous tubulointerstitial nephritis (GTIN) attributed to early onset sarcoidosis is an ultrarare finding in an allograft kidney biopsy. We present the case of a young man with allograft dysfunction who had GTIN upon biopsy. We performed a thorough case review based on recovered records from early childhood and reassessed genetic testing results. We revised his underlying diagnosis from cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome to early-onset sarcoidosis with wild-type NOD2 and established a rationale to use the interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor blocker tocilizumab (TCZ). This suppressed his inflammatory disease and stabilised kidney function. We performed a literature review related to the emerging role of IL-6 pathway blockade in kidney transplantation. We identified 18 reports with 417 unique patients treated with TCZ for indications including HLA-desensitisation, transplant immunosuppression induction, treatment of chronic antibody-mediated rejection, and treatment of subclinical rejection. Both TCZ and the direct IL-6 inhibitor clazakizumab are being studied in ongoing randomised control trials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Management of Kidney Transplant Immunosuppression)
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