Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Pathologies

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Vascular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 February 2024) | Viewed by 578

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
Interests: Aortic aneurysm; dissection; thoracoabdominal surgery; FEVAR; BEVAR; carotid surgery; PAD

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Following the widespread use of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), improvements in techniques and materials have enabled us to tackle increasingly complex pathologies and to expand the spectrum of minimal invasive repair step-by-step to the thoracoabdominal and thoracic aorta up to the level of and beyond the aortic arch.

Despite our increasing experience with these elaborate techniques, aortic repair above or including the renovisceral level continues to pose significant challenges. Many open questions remain, regarding the use of off-the-shelf or custom-made solutions, physician-modified devices, use of bridging devices and overall patient selection. Open repair remains the cornerstone of aortic repair for a number of patients with connective tissue diseases, aortic arch pathologies or for patients with secondary complications and infections.

Following the success of our Special Issue on the ‘Pathogenesis and Treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm’, it is my honor to invite you to explore the current treatment options, as well as the emerging innovative concepts, for the Special Issue entitled ‘Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Pathologies’. The aim of this Special Issue will be to assess indications, patient selection, technical advances, treatment options and the durability of conventional and minimal invasive repair from the aortic arch to the abdominal aorta. Our goal is to offer new insights in a field considered by many as the final frontier of vascular surgery, which requires an individualized approach and tailor-made solutions that exemplify the concept of precision vascular medicine.

Best regards,

Prof. Dr. Kyriakos Oikonomou
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • complex aortic surgery
  • aortic arch
  • thoracic surgery
  • thoracoabdominal surgery
  • F-EVAR
  • B-EVAR
  • custom-made solutions
  • physician-modified devices
  • hybrid aortic surgery

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 2826 KiB  
Article
Comparative Evaluation of the Short-Term Outcome of Different Endovascular Aortic Arch Procedures
by Artis Knapsis, Melik-Murathan Seker, Hubert Schelzig and Markus U. Wagenhäuser
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(16), 4594; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13164594 - 6 Aug 2024
Viewed by 264
Abstract
Objectives: There are several endovascular treatment options to treat aortic arch and thoracic aortic pathologies with custom-made or surgeon-modified aortic stent grafts. This study seeks to assess endovascular treatment methods for aortic arch and thoracic aortic pathologies with no acceptable proximal landing [...] Read more.
Objectives: There are several endovascular treatment options to treat aortic arch and thoracic aortic pathologies with custom-made or surgeon-modified aortic stent grafts. This study seeks to assess endovascular treatment methods for aortic arch and thoracic aortic pathologies with no acceptable proximal landing zone for standard thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR), comparing different treatment methods and evaluating technical success, intraoperative parameters and short-term outcomes. Methods: All patients undergoing elective or emergency endovascular treatment of aortic arch and thoracic aortic pathologies, with no acceptable landing zone for standard TEVAR, between 1 January 2010 and 31 March 2024, at the University Hospital Düsseldorf, Germany were included. An acceptable landing zone was defined as a minimum of 2 cm for sufficient sealing. All patients were not suitable for open surgery. Patients were categorized by an endovascular treatment method for a comprehensive comparison of pre-, intra- and postoperative variables. IBM SPSS29 was used for data analysis. Results: The patient cohort comprised 21 patients, predominantly males (81%), with an average age of 70.9 ± 9 years with no acceptable proximal landing zone for standard TEVAR procedure. The most treated aortic pathologies were penetrating aortic ulcers and chronic post-dissection aneurysms. Patients were sub-grouped according to the applied procedure as follows: five patients with chimney thoracic endovascular aortic repair (chTEVAR), seven patients with in situ fenestrated thoracic endovascular aortic repair (isfTEVAR), six patients with custom-made fenestrated thoracic endovascular aortic repair (cmfTEVAR) and three patients with custom-made branched thoracic endovascular aortic repair (cmbTEVAR). Emergency procedures involved two patients. There were significant differences in the total procedure and fluoroscopy time, as well as in contrast agent usage among the treatment groups. cmfTEVAR had the shortest total procedure time, while chTEVAR exhibited the highest contrast agent usage. The overall mortality rate among all procedures was 9.5% (two patients) and 4.7% for elective procedures, respectively. Deaths were associated with either retrograde type A dissection or stent graft infection. Both patients were treated with chTEVAR. There was one minor and one major stroke; these patients were treated with isfTEVAR. No endoleak occurred during any procedure. The reintervention rate for chTEVAR was 20% and 0% for all other procedures during the in-hospital stay. The patients who were treated with cmfTEVAR had no complications, the shortest operating and fluoroscopy time, and less contrast agent was needed in comparison with other treatment methods. Conclusions: Complex endovascular procedures of the aortic arch with custom-made or surgeon-modified aortic stent grafts offer a safe solution, with acceptable complication rates for patients who are not suitable for open aortic arch repair. In terms of procedure-related parameters and complication rates, a custom-made fenestrated TEVAR is potentially advantageous compared to the other endovascular techniques. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Pathologies)
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