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State of the Art in Pediatric Nephrology (Second Edition)

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Pediatrics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2025) | Viewed by 1034

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Pediatric & Nephrology Department, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
Interests: nephrotic syndrome; acute renal injury; hypertension
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomarkers play a crucial role in pediatric nephrology by aiding in diagnosing, monitoring, and managing kidney diseases in children. They play a key role in many fields, such as early diagnosis and detection of kidney dysfunction, prognosis, and risk stratification, monitoring disease progression and treatment response, differentiating disease etiologies, guiding therapeutic decisions, and predicting and monitoring complications.

Biomarkers are also crucial components in algorithms used in pediatric nephrology, as they provide valuable data points that enhance the precision and effectiveness of these algorithms. Biomarkers integrate into algorithms to improve various aspects of pediatric kidney care.

The goal of this Special Issue on the state of the art in pediatric nephrology is to highlight recent advances in algorithms in pediatric nephrology, which could be used in data integration and enhancement, improving diagnostic accuracy, personalized treatment plans, monitoring, early intervention, and research and clinical trials.

Prof. Dr. Anna Maria Wasilewska
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • algorithms
  • biomarkers
  • pediatric nephrology
  • early intervention
  • improved diagnosis

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 529 KiB  
Article
Urodynamic Evaluation: Is It Useful for Vesicoureteral Reflux Management?
by Joanna Bagińska-Chyży and Agata Korzeniecka-Kozerska
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(9), 2883; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14092883 - 22 Apr 2025
Abstract
Background: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common childhood condition where urine flows backward from the bladder to the kidney, affecting 2–5 per 1000 live births. There is still no consensus on VUR diagnostic procedures, treatment options, or the most effective timing of [...] Read more.
Background: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common childhood condition where urine flows backward from the bladder to the kidney, affecting 2–5 per 1000 live births. There is still no consensus on VUR diagnostic procedures, treatment options, or the most effective timing of treatment. This study aimed to identify factors influencing VUR management timing, with a focus on the role of urodynamic assessment. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 100 children with VUR, splitting them into two groups: 50 who received urodynamic assessment and 50 who did not. The median age at diagnosis for both groups was 2 years (ranging from 1 month to 14 years). The children’s medical records were analyzed to determine gender, age at VUR diagnosis and its resolution, grade, and laterality. Additionally, we recorded the clinical history of bladder dysfunction, recurrent UTIs, and renal function parameters. For those who had urodynamic assessments, we also evaluated the age at initial testing and its findings. Results: Significant differences in treatment duration were found between the study groups: 1.17 years for the group after urodynamic assessment versus 2.83 years for the group without urodynamics (p < 0.001 *). The majority of patients assessed urodynamically had an overactive bladder (52%). Conclusions: Urodynamic assessment and effective treatment of bladder dysfunction accelerate VUR resolution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State of the Art in Pediatric Nephrology (Second Edition))
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10 pages, 993 KiB  
Article
Combined Therapy with Azathioprine, Prednisone, and Enalapril in Children with IgAN and IgAVN
by Małgorzata Mizerska-Wasiak, Miłosz Starczyński, Wojciech Wasiak, Jadwiga Małdyk, Emilia Płatos and Małgorzata Pańczyk-Tomaszewska
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(23), 7316; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13237316 - 2 Dec 2024
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Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 1-year treatment in children with IgAN and IgAVN using azathioprine, prednisone, and enalapril (AZA+PRED+E) combined with a control kidney biopsy. Methods: This study consists of 68 children diagnosed via [...] Read more.
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 1-year treatment in children with IgAN and IgAVN using azathioprine, prednisone, and enalapril (AZA+PRED+E) combined with a control kidney biopsy. Methods: This study consists of 68 children diagnosed via kidney biopsy with Oxford classification. The study group included 36 children (15 IgAN, 21 IgAVN) treated with AZA+PRED+E (according to the protocol with a control kidney biopsy); and the control group included 32 children (21 IgAN, 11 IgAVN) who were treated with enalapril alone during one year after kidney biopsy. Results: After 1 year of combined therapy, a significant reduction in both proteinuria (proteinuria = 0 in 35 patients from the study group) and hematuria in the study group was found. It was confirmed that the Δ proteinuria between the start and end of treatment in IgAN and IgAVN patients from the study group was significantly higher than the Δ proteinuria between the start and end of treatment in the control IgAN and IgAVN group treated with enalapril (30.7 ± 43.6 vs. 8.7 ± 8.7; p = 0.015; 68.2 ± 58.3 vs. 19.3 ± 20.3; p = 0.008 respectively). In the Oxford classification a high frequency of improvement in E and T in the study group after treatment was observed. Conclusions: Patients with higher proteinuria and a higher MESTC score require consideration of the strategy of immunosuppressive treatment so that therapy with AZA+PRED+E may be used as a personal treatment plan for children with these diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State of the Art in Pediatric Nephrology (Second Edition))
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