Reprogramming Myeloid Cells in Cancer: A New Challenge in Medicine

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 9036

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Elsene, Belgium
Interests: tumor immunology; tumor infiltrating myeloid cells; non-small cell lung cancer; melanoma; 3D spheroid modelling; lentiviral vectors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since the beginning of this decade, antitumor immunotherapy has been recognized as a potent treatment option for several solid cancers such as melanoma, lung, renal cell, head and neck, colorectal, liver, bladder, gastric, cervical, urothelial, and breast next to hematological malignancies. The most common within the immunotherapeutic arsenal is represented by the immune checkpoint inhibitors. So far, their efficacy has been linked to tumor mutational burden, tumor cell-specific checkpoint positivity, abundance of tumor-infiltrating T cells, and an immune evasion profile. However, several recent studies have reported on the dual role of tumor infiltrating myeloid cells (TIMs). Not only have their abundance and suppressive functions within the tumor microenvironment have been linked to tumor progression, they can be highly positive for certain immune checkpoints. In addition, their capacity to recognize monoclonal antibodies via their Fc-receptors has been linked to antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity as well as the phenomenon of hyper-progression. As such, research into the exact role of tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells as well as strategies that aim to reprogram the TIMs in order to enhance the overall therapeutic effect are of utmost importance to further advance the exciting field of antitumor immunotherapy.

Dr. Cleo Goyvaerts
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Cancer immunology
  • Tumor micro-environment
  • Tumor infiltrating myeloid cells
  • Monocytes
  • Macrophages
  • Dendritic cells
  • Granulocytes
  • Mast cells
  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors
  • Targeting
  • Repolarization
  • Biomarkers
  • Functional assays to measure functionality

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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24 pages, 1193 KiB  
Review
Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Anti-Cancer Therapies: Convincing the Traitors to Do the Right Thing
by Cristina Belgiovine, Elisabeth Digifico, Clément Anfray, Aldo Ummarino and Fernando Torres Andón
J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9(10), 3226; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9103226 - 8 Oct 2020
Cited by 46 | Viewed by 8616
Abstract
In the last decade, it has been well-established that tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells fuel not only the process of carcinogenesis through cancer-related inflammation mechanisms, but also tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. In particular, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant leucocyte subset in many [...] Read more.
In the last decade, it has been well-established that tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells fuel not only the process of carcinogenesis through cancer-related inflammation mechanisms, but also tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. In particular, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant leucocyte subset in many cancers and play a major role in the creation of a protective niche for tumor cells. Their ability to generate an immune-suppressive environment is crucial to escape the immune system and to allow the tumor to proliferate and metastasize to distant sites. Conventional therapies, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, are often not able to limit cancer growth due to the presence of pro-tumoral TAMs; these are also responsible for the failure of novel immunotherapies based on immune-checkpoint inhibition. Several novel therapeutic strategies have been implemented to deplete TAMs; however, more recent approaches aim to use TAMs themselves as weapons to fight cancer. Exploiting their functional plasticity, the reprogramming of TAMs aims to convert immunosuppressive and pro-tumoral macrophages into immunostimulatory and anti-tumor cytotoxic effector cells. This shift eventually leads to the reconstitution of a reactive immune landscape able to destroy the tumor. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on strategies able to reprogram TAMs with single as well as combination therapies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Reprogramming Myeloid Cells in Cancer: A New Challenge in Medicine)
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