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New Challenges in Urolithiasis
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New Challenges in Urolithiasis

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Nephrology & Urology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 May 2025 | Viewed by 2417

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alessandro Calarco

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Urology, San Carlo di Nancy Hospital, Rome, Italy
Interests: urolithiasis; uro-oncology; PCNL; RIRS
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Giuseppe Celentano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80130 Naples, Italy
Interests: prostate cancer; urolithiasis; kidney cancer, kidney stones
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Urolithiasis is a relevant disease worldwide and its incidence has been increasing in recent years.

Endourology, propelled by advancements in technology and the evolution of minimally invasive surgical techniques, has emerged as a crucial component of urological surgery. Endourological procedures are now commonplace in Urology departments worldwide. Key milestones in managing the disease include shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), rigid and flexible ureteroscopy (URS, RIRS), and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), along with more recent developments like combined procedures (ECIRS) and the integration of robotic and laparoscopic surgery.

Moreover, a more detailed focus on prevention in patients with recurrent urinary stones and the primary role for metabolic evaluation are further confirmation that urolithiasis has to be evaluated by urologists and not only from a surgical point of view.

This Special Issue aims to cover all aspects of urolithiasis research including diagnosis, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical biochemistry, nutrition, open surgery, minimally-invasive and non-invasive surgical intervention for the disintegration and/or removal of stones, nephrological investigation, and the prophylaxis of the disorder.

Dr. Alessandro Calarco
Dr. Giuseppe Celentano
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • urolithiasis
  • PCNL
  • RIRS
  • urology
  • ureteroscopy
  • kidney stones

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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14 pages, 1149 KiB  
Article
Outcomes of the Surgical Stone Management in Pelvic Ectopic Kidneys: A Retrospective Comparison of Three Different Approaches
by Fatih Bicaklioglu, Mahmut Selman Mert, Resul Sobay, Ozgur Arikan, Mehmet Erhan Aydin, Mehmet Uslu, Salih Yildirim and Kemal Sarica
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(6), 2081; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14062081 - 19 Mar 2025
Viewed by 359
Abstract
Background/Objectives: This study evaluates and compares the surgical outcomes of open pyelolithotomy, laparoscopic pyelolithotomy, and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in the management of pelvic ectopic kidney stones. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 47 adult patients with pelvic ectopic kidney [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: This study evaluates and compares the surgical outcomes of open pyelolithotomy, laparoscopic pyelolithotomy, and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in the management of pelvic ectopic kidney stones. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 47 adult patients with pelvic ectopic kidney stones who underwent surgery between January 2009 and January 2024. Patients were categorized as open pyelolithotomy (n = 15), laparoscopic pyelolithotomy (n = 14), or RIRS (n = 18). Stone-free (SF) rates were assessed in the early postoperative period (1st or 2nd day), in the 1st month, and in the 3rd month. Demographic data, stone characteristics, operative data, and complications were recorded. Results: RIRS had significantly shorter operative and hospitalization times but a lower SF rate in the 3rd month (44.4%) compared to laparoscopy (92.9%) and open pyelolithotomy (86.7%). Additional procedures were required in 50% of RIRS cases to achieve SF status, while none were needed in the other groups. Complications included three Grade 2 cases (two bleeding; transient creatinine elevation) in open pyelolithotomy, two Grade 2 (urinary leakage; infection) and two Grade 3 cases (conversion to open surgery; trapped stent removal) in laparoscopic pyelolithotomy, and one Grade 2 case (febrile infection) in RIRS. Conclusions: Laparoscopic pyelolithotomy demonstrated the highest efficacy and comparable complication rates; making it the preferred approach for pelvic ectopic kidney stones. Open pyelolithotomy remains a valuable alternative where laparoscopic expertise or resources are limited. Although less invasive, RIRS showed lower efficacy due to the challenging anatomy of pelvic ectopic kidneys. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in Urolithiasis)
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Review

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12 pages, 488 KiB  
Review
Urological Challenges during Pregnancy: Current Status and Future Perspective on Ureteric Stent Encrustation
by Francesco Di Bello, Gianluigi Califano, Simone Morra, Claudia Collà Ruvolo, Agostino Fraia, Gabriele Pezone, Ernesto Di Mauro, Salvatore Aprea, Luigi Napolitano, Gabriele Saccone, Massimiliano Creta and Nicola Longo
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(13), 3905; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13133905 - 3 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1543
Abstract
The management of ureter hydronephrosis and urolithiasis during pregnancy has been changed by the adoption of ureteric stents. Despite their broad use for several other conditions, from emergency to elective settings, their complications cannot be ignored. Being most prevalent during pregnancy, urinary tract [...] Read more.
The management of ureter hydronephrosis and urolithiasis during pregnancy has been changed by the adoption of ureteric stents. Despite their broad use for several other conditions, from emergency to elective settings, their complications cannot be ignored. Being most prevalent during pregnancy, urinary tract infections and stent encrustations are particularly common and can affect either fetal growth or maternal–fetal homeostasis, leading to obstetric complications. The main concern associated with ureteric stents is the indwelling time, which could represent the potential trigger of those complications. However, to ensure the optimal management of a ureteric stent during pregnancy, factors such as the grading of encrustations and the presence, size, and location of stones should be evaluated in pre-operative planning. As a consequence, a multimodal approach, including obstetrics, gynecologists, urologists, and nurses, is essential to ensure a complication-free procedure and successful ureteric stent removal. Finally, future research should focus on utilizing biodegradable and biocompatible materials to reduce and even eliminate the complications related to forgotten stents in order to reduce the financial burden associated with stent replacement and the management of stent-encrustation-related complications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in Urolithiasis)
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