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Advances in Diagnostics, Treatment and Management of Cardiovascular Diseases
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Advances in Diagnostics, Treatment and Management of Cardiovascular Diseases

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Medicine, Cell, and Organism Physiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 April 2025 | Viewed by 4945

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Adrian Mahlmann

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Centre for Vascular Medicine, Clinic of Angiology, St.-Josefs-Hospital, Katholische Krankenhaus Hagen gem. GmbH, 58097 Hagen, Germany
2. Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
Interests: vascular medicine; aortic diseases; peripheral occlusive disease; vascular diagnostics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular diseases still are challenging to diagnose, manage and treat. Vascular medicine has developed rapidly in recent years, with advancements from medical to endovascular and surgical therapy. The primary goal is the detection of risks and diseases in the early stages using screening methods. Here, technical advances using established methods and increasingly artificial intelligence will pave the path toward optimal cardiovascular healthcare management. Interdisciplinary approaches in vascular medicine are essential for optimal management and treatment. Basic science, clinical and population-based studies enhanced our understanding of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases. This Special Issue of the Journal of Personalized Medicine aims to highlight the current state of cardiovascular diseases, with a focus on novel findings and recent advances in pathophysiology, diagnostic, medical and endovascular or surgical management and treatment. We invite original manuscripts, as well as cutting-edge review articles and case series of rare vascular diseases.

Dr. Adrian Mahlmann
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • histopathology
  • genetic testing
  • lab diagnostics
  • imaging
  • (non-invasive) diagnostics
  • endovascular or open repair
  • management
  • risk stratification
  • public healthcare
  • artificial intelligence

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1445 KiB  
Article
Preoperative Chest Computed Tomography Screening Reduces the Perioperative Stroke Rate in Patients at Risk of Aortic Calcification
by Tamer Ghazy, Maximillian Vondran, Marc Irqsusi, Martin Moscoso-Ludueña, Helmut Karl Lackner, Adrian Mahlmann and Ardawan J. Rastan
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(9), 1005; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14091005 - 20 Sep 2024
Viewed by 522
Abstract
Objectives: We evaluated the effect of preoperative chest computed tomography (CT) screening on the perioperative stroke rate in cardiosurgical patients at risk of aortic calcification. Methods: Between May 2019 and April 2020, 129 patients at risk of aortic calcification underwent non-contrast chest CT [...] Read more.
Objectives: We evaluated the effect of preoperative chest computed tomography (CT) screening on the perioperative stroke rate in cardiosurgical patients at risk of aortic calcification. Methods: Between May 2019 and April 2020, 129 patients at risk of aortic calcification underwent non-contrast chest CT screening before their procedure. They were assigned to Group 1 and compared with a historical Group 2, who were treated the previous year without a preoperative CT scan. The primary endpoint was to determine postoperative stroke occurrence. The secondary outcomes were the rate reintubation/tracheostomy, the length of hospital stay, and any change in surgical strategy based on the CT findings. Results: Groups 1 and 2 comprised 129 and 261 patients, respectively. Group 1 had a lower left ventricular ejection fraction, less carotid stenosis, a history of carotid endarterectomy, and a longer cross-clamp time. The surgical strategy was changed for 6 patients in Group 1. Group 1 had a significantly lower stroke rate. No significant differences were observed in reintubation and tracheostomy rates, or length of hospital stay. Lack of CT screening, age, aortic valve surgery, aortic surgery, and rethoracotomy were identified as independent risk factors for a stroke. Conclusions: Preoperative non-contrast chest CT screening of patients at risk of aortic calcification reduces postoperative stroke through adaptation of the surgical approach and should be used routinely in these patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Diagnostics, Treatment and Management of Cardiovascular Diseases)
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15 pages, 912 KiB  
Article
Schizophrenia and Heart Health: Are Antipsychotics a Friend or Foe?
by Minodora Andor, Liana Dehelean, Diana Aurora Arnăutu, Marioara Nicula Neagu, Daciana Nistor, Minodora Marinela Manea, Ana-Maria Romosan and Nilima Rajpal Kundnani
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(8), 814; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14080814 - 31 Jul 2024
Viewed by 979
Abstract
Schizophrenia is one of the most disabling of the psychiatric diseases. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale Extended (BRSE) is used to evaluate the severity of psychiatric symptoms. Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics are commonly used and are preferred over oral antipsychotic medications. A two-center-based [...] Read more.
Schizophrenia is one of the most disabling of the psychiatric diseases. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale Extended (BRSE) is used to evaluate the severity of psychiatric symptoms. Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics are commonly used and are preferred over oral antipsychotic medications. A two-center-based cross-sectional study was performed on 130 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder based on the International Classification of Diseases 10 criteria. We studied the relation between the development of cardiovascular risk factors and the antipsychotic medication that was administered in these patients. Our study demonstrates strong links between several cardiovascular risk factors and the duration of psychosis; the duration of the LAI antipsychotic treatment; the duration between the onset of the disease and the start of LAI antipsychotic treatment; and the use of specific LAI antipsychotic medications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Diagnostics, Treatment and Management of Cardiovascular Diseases)
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13 pages, 2182 KiB  
Article
Open Retrograde Stenting of Proximal Innominate and Common Carotid Artery Stenosis
by Marvin Kapalla, Albert Busch, Steffen Wolk and Christian Reeps
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(3), 223; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14030223 - 20 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1330
Abstract
Purpose: The evidence regarding the treatment of open retrograde stenting of innominate artery (IA) or common carotid artery stenosis (CCA) is limited, and is suspected to carry a high risk of stroke and death. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate [...] Read more.
Purpose: The evidence regarding the treatment of open retrograde stenting of innominate artery (IA) or common carotid artery stenosis (CCA) is limited, and is suspected to carry a high risk of stroke and death. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of such hybrid procedures. Methods: A retrospective, monocentric study of all patients who underwent retrograde stenting of proximal IA and CCA stenosis via surgical cutdown of the CCA, with or without concomitant CEA, between 2016 and 2023 was performed. Results: Overall, 33 patients were treated. A total of 15 patients (45.5%) were male, with the mean age being 67 ± 9.1 years, and 58% (n = 19) of the patients presented with neurological symptoms. Open retrograde stenting was performed in 67% (n = 22) in ACC, and in 33% (n = 11) in IA stenosis. A total of 20 patients (61%) underwent retrograde stenting with synchronous ipsilateral CEA for concomitant stenosis of the carotid bifurcation. There was no 30-day mortality. The perioperative stroke rate was 3% (n = 1) with complete symptom recovery. During the follow up at 32 months (95% CI: 24–39), three late deaths (9.1%) and one symptomatic stent occlusion were observed and, in five patients (15.2%), re-intervention for restenosis was necessary. Conclusions: Open retrograde stenting for of proximal IA or CCA stenosis with or without CEA, in case of tandem carotid lesions, can be performed safely with a low rate of early adverse events. Continuous follow up examinations are necessary due to relevant instent re-stenosis rates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Diagnostics, Treatment and Management of Cardiovascular Diseases)
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Review

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10 pages, 520 KiB  
Review
Residual Cardiovascular Risk: Role of Remnants Cholesterol, Monocyte/HDL Ratio and Lipoprotein Ratios on Personalized Cardiovascular Prevention
by Vincenzo Sucato, Francesco Comparato, Antonella Ortello, Alfredo Ruggero Galassi and Giuseppina Novo
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(5), 460; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14050460 - 26 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1607
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent the leading cause of death in the world and are subject to limitations in prevention strategies despite the use of very effective drugs. The concept of residual risk (RR) is intrinsically related to that of global risk of which it [...] Read more.
Cardiovascular diseases represent the leading cause of death in the world and are subject to limitations in prevention strategies despite the use of very effective drugs. The concept of residual risk (RR) is intrinsically related to that of global risk of which it represents a very significant percentage. In the cardiovascular field, the term RR refers to the probability of incurring a major cardiovascular event, despite adequate control of the risk factors present in the individual patient. A significant portion of the RR in the cardiovascular field results from the underestimation of additional risk factors not subjected to adequate intervention such as, for example, triglyceride levels in patients treated for the presence of hypertension and/or hypercholesterolemia. The control of the RR therefore appears as an essential condition for the effective reduction of the global risk profile and is based on an integrated intervention that combines all the different prevention strategies derived from the available evidence and capable of interacting on the basis of a strengthening reciprocal between lifestyle and pharmacological and nutraceutical intervention methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Diagnostics, Treatment and Management of Cardiovascular Diseases)
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