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Life
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Gynecology Update: Modern Diagnostic Approaches and Innovative Therapies
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Gynecology Update: Modern Diagnostic Approaches and Innovative Therapies

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2026 | Viewed by 5961

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Szabolcs Várbíró

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Guest Editor
1. Workgroup for Science Management, Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
Interests: reproductive endocrinology; reproductive health; gynecologic oncology; hormonal pathophysiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Keszthelyi Márton

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Guest Editor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
Interests: reproductive medicine; gynecologic oncology; operative gynecology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Richárd Tóth

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Guest Editor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: gynecologic oncology and surgical innovation; inflammatory biomarkers; clinical trial methodology
Dr. Balázs Lintner

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
Interests: gynecologic oncology; clinical oncology; prevention; HPV strategy; quality of life
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

We invite you to contribute to this Special Issue “Gynecology Update: Modern Diagnostic Approaches and Innovative Therapies”, which aims to explore recent advancements that bridge translational research and clinical therapies in gynecology.

This Special Issue will focus on studies that have led to improvements in diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy for both benign and malignant gynecologic diseases. Articles from molecular diagnostics to targeted therapies and fertility-preserving techniques that show how innovation is reshaping diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are welcome.

We particularly welcome research focused on cervical, endometrial, ovarian, and vulvar cancers, as well as prevalent benign conditions such as fibroids, endometriosis, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Our goal is to collect high-quality original research, research protocols, and systematic reviews that contribute meaningfully to the advancement of gynecologic care. Case reports are also welcome, especially those that highlight personalized therapeutic approaches or innovative solutions in the management of rare or complex cases.

We look forward to your valuable contributions to this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Szabolcs Várbíró
Dr. Keszthelyi Márton
Dr. Richárd Tóth
Dr. Balázs Lintner
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gynecologic oncology
  • endocrinology
  • reproductive medicine
  • fertility preservation
  • prevention
  • women’s health innovation
  • quality of life
  • personalized therapy

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 684 KB  
Article
Robot-Assisted Hysterectomy Provides Higher Sentinel Node Detection and Lower Conversion Rates Compared to Laparoscopy in Endometrial Cancer
by Balázs Lintner, Zsófia Havrán, Gabriella Vajda, Lotti Lőczi, Marianna Török, Petra Merkely, Ferenc Bánhidy, Emese Keszthelyi, Richárd Tóth and Márton Keszthelyi
Life 2026, 16(2), 244; https://doi.org/10.3390/life16020244 - 2 Feb 2026
Viewed by 462
Abstract
Background: Minimally invasive hysterectomy with sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping is standard for early-stage endometrial cancer, but comparative real-world data on robot-assisted (RAH) versus conventional laparoscopy (TLH) remain limited. This study aimed to compare the two techniques in a real-world clinical setting. Methods: [...] Read more.
Background: Minimally invasive hysterectomy with sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping is standard for early-stage endometrial cancer, but comparative real-world data on robot-assisted (RAH) versus conventional laparoscopy (TLH) remain limited. This study aimed to compare the two techniques in a real-world clinical setting. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 140 patients with FIGO stage I endometrial cancer who underwent RAH or TLH at Semmelweis University between January 2022 and December 2024. We analyzed patient demographics, sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection rates, conversion rates, operative time, pathological characteristics. Results: Baseline demographic and oncologic characteristics were comparable. SLN detection was significantly higher in the RAH group compared to TLH (98% vs. 90.2%, p = 0.04). Conversion to laparotomy occurred in 0% of RAH cases versus 11.5% of TLH cases (p = 0.0024). Conclusions: In a standardized ICG-guided SLN mapping setting, RAH achieved higher SLN detection and markedly lower conversion rates than TLH, without differences in operative time or key pathological parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gynecology Update: Modern Diagnostic Approaches and Innovative Therapies)
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26 pages, 2284 KB  
Article
Obesity/Overweight as a Meaningful Modifier of Associations Between Gene Polymorphisms Affecting the Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin Content and Uterine Myoma
by Marina Ponomarenko, Evgeny Reshetnikov, Maria Churnosova, Inna Aristova, Maria Abramova, Vitaly Novakov, Vladimir Churnosov, Alexey Polonikov, Mikhail Churnosov and Irina Ponomarenko
Life 2025, 15(9), 1459; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15091459 - 17 Sep 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1003
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to consider the role of obesity/overweight as a potential modifier of associations between gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) affecting the sex hormone-binding globulin level (SHBGlevel) and uterine myoma (UM). In the two women cohorts [...] Read more.
The main goal of this study was to consider the role of obesity/overweight as a potential modifier of associations between gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) affecting the sex hormone-binding globulin level (SHBGlevel) and uterine myoma (UM). In the two women cohorts differentiated by body mass index (BMI) (BMI ≥ 25, n = 782 [379 UM/403 control] and BMI < 25, n = 760 [190 UM/570 control]), the association of genome-wide association studies (GWAS)-correlated SHBGlevel-tied nine loci with UM was studied by method logistic regression with a subsequent in-depth evaluation of the functionality of UM-causal loci and their strongly linked variants. BMI-conditioned differences in the associations of SHBGlevel-tied loci with UM were revealed: in the BMI < 25 group, a variant rs17496332 (A/G) PRMT6 was UM-correlated (OR = 0.70; pperm = 0.024), and in the BMI ≥ 25 cohort, a SNP rs3779195 (T/A) BAIAP2L1 was UM-associated (OR = 1.53; pperm = 0.019). Both the UM-causal loci and their proxy SNPs have pronounced probable functionality in the organism as a whole, as well as in the liver (the SHBG synthesis place), adipose tissue, uterus, etc., thereby influencing significant processes for UM biology such as regulation of the gene transcription, embryogenesis/development, cell proliferation/differentiation/apoptosis, metabolism, lipid exchange, etc. In conclusion, the results of our work demonstrated, for the first time, the essential role of obesity/overweight as a meaningful modifier of associations between SHBGlevel-tied polymorphisms and UM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gynecology Update: Modern Diagnostic Approaches and Innovative Therapies)
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14 pages, 1184 KB  
Article
Impact of PGT Introduction on IVF Laboratory Workload: Lessons Learned from a Single-Center Experience of 5258 Biopsies over a 10-Year Period
by Stefano Canosa, Luisa Delle Piane, Danilo Cimadomo, Alberto Revelli, Gianluca Gennarelli, Daniela Guidetti, Cristina Garello, Francesca Granella, Francesca Evangelista, Giuseppe Monelli, Lucia Clemente, Antonio Capalbo, Laura Rienzi, Ugo Sorrentino, Daniela Zuccarello and Francesca Bongioanni
Life 2025, 15(9), 1351; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15091351 - 26 Aug 2025
Viewed by 2517
Abstract
The aim of our study was to provide a retrospective single-center experience of the additional workload associated with routine PGT, including embryologist training and suggested staffing levels. A total of 4945 IVF cycles were retrospectively considered, of which 1680 were PGT cycles with [...] Read more.
The aim of our study was to provide a retrospective single-center experience of the additional workload associated with routine PGT, including embryologist training and suggested staffing levels. A total of 4945 IVF cycles were retrospectively considered, of which 1680 were PGT cycles with a total of 5258 biopsied blastocysts. An exponential increase in the proportion of PGTs over OPUs was observed, from 0.2% in 2015 to 72.9% in 2024. The number of viable embryos for biopsy was significantly increased by the systematic adoption of an extended embryo culture and the concomitant transition from a day 2 Double Embryo Transfer (DET) to a day 5 Single Blastocyst Transfer (SET) policy in 2020. In order to cope with the increasing workload, a concomitant increase in the number of embryologists involved in blastocyst biopsy was adopted, with a second embryologist in 2020, a third in 2021, and a fourth in 2022, with a trend comparable to that observed for the proportion of PGT cycles over IVF cycles performed during the study period. The appropriate number of staff required for the IVF laboratory was calculated using the Staffing Model for ART (smART) calculator, based on 12 routine IVF procedures. An optimal balance between operational procedures and staffing levels was achieved when the difference (Δ) was ≤10%, ensuring the efficient maintenance of PGT in the IVF laboratory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gynecology Update: Modern Diagnostic Approaches and Innovative Therapies)
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12 pages, 955 KB  
Article
Single-Center Preliminary Experience Treating Endometrial Cancer Patients with Fiducial Markers
by Francesca Titone, Eugenia Moretti, Alice Poli, Marika Guernieri, Sarah Bassi, Claudio Foti, Martina Arcieri, Gianluca Vullo, Giuseppe Facondo, Marco Trovò, Pantaleo Greco, Gabriella Macchia, Giuseppe Vizzielli and Stefano Restaino
Life 2025, 15(8), 1218; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15081218 - 1 Aug 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 975
Abstract
Purpose: To present the findings of our preliminary experience using daily image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) supported by implanted fiducial markers (FMs) in the radiotherapy of the vaginal cuff, in a cohort of post-surgery endometrial cancer patients. Methods: Patients with vaginal cuff cancer [...] Read more.
Purpose: To present the findings of our preliminary experience using daily image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) supported by implanted fiducial markers (FMs) in the radiotherapy of the vaginal cuff, in a cohort of post-surgery endometrial cancer patients. Methods: Patients with vaginal cuff cancer requiring adjuvant radiation with external beams were enrolled. Five patients underwent radiation therapy targeting the pelvic disease and positive lymph nodes, with doses of 50.4 Gy in twenty-eight fractions and a subsequent stereotactic boost on the vaginal vault at a dose of 5 Gy in a single fraction. One patient was administered 30 Gy in five fractions to the vaginal vault. These patients underwent external beam RT following the implantation of three 0.40 × 10 mm gold fiducial markers (FMs). Our IGRT strategy involved real-time 2D kV image-based monitoring of the fiducial markers during the treatment delivery as a surrogate of the vaginal cuff. To explore the potential role of FMs throughout the treatment process, we analyzed cine movies of the 2D kV-triggered images during delivery, as well as the image registration between pre- and post-treatment CBCT scans and the planning CT (pCT). Each CBCT used to trigger fraction delivery was segmented to define the rectum, bladder, and vaginal cuff. We calculated a standard metric to assess the similarity among the images (Dice index). Results: All the patients completed radiotherapy and experienced good tolerance without any reported acute or long-term toxicity. We did not observe any loss of FMs during or before treatment. A total of twenty CBCTs were analyzed across ten fractions. The observed trend showed a relatively emptier bladder compared to the simulation phase, with the bladder filling during the delivery. This resulted in a final median Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 0.90, indicating strong performance. The rectum reproducibility revealed greater variability, negatively affecting the quality of the delivery. Only in two patients, FMs showed intrafractional shift > 5 mm, probably associated with considerable rectal volume changes. Target coverage was preserved due to a safe CTV-to-PTV margin (10 mm). Conclusions: In our preliminary study, CBCT in combination with the use of fiducial markers to guide the delivery proved to be a feasible method for IGRT both before and during the treatment of post-operative gynecological cancer. In particular, this approach seems to be promising in selected patients to facilitate the use of SBRT instead of BRT (brachytherapy), thanks to margin reduction and adaptive strategies to optimize dose delivery while minimizing toxicity. A larger sample of patients is needed to confirm our results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gynecology Update: Modern Diagnostic Approaches and Innovative Therapies)
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Other

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6 pages, 1517 KB  
Case Report
First Successful Treatment Reported with Pembrolizumab in a Patient Diagnosed with Choriocarcinoma in Hungary
by Kornel Fulop Lakatos, László Kalmár, Erika Lahm, Erzsébet Gyöngyvirág Bíró and Vilmos Fülöp
Life 2026, 16(3), 481; https://doi.org/10.3390/life16030481 - 16 Mar 2026
Viewed by 396
Abstract
Pembrolizumab is a programmed cell death protein (PD-1) inhibitor, humanized antibody widely used in cancer immunotherapy. Choriocarcinoma is an aggressive type of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. Its treatment is based on surgical removal of the tumorous tissue and systemic chemotherapy; however, in some chemoresistant [...] Read more.
Pembrolizumab is a programmed cell death protein (PD-1) inhibitor, humanized antibody widely used in cancer immunotherapy. Choriocarcinoma is an aggressive type of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. Its treatment is based on surgical removal of the tumorous tissue and systemic chemotherapy; however, in some chemoresistant cases, immunotherapy can also be a valid option. Here, we report the first successful programmed death inhibitor-based treatment of a patient diagnosed with stage IV, ultra-high-risk choriocarcinoma in Hungary. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gynecology Update: Modern Diagnostic Approaches and Innovative Therapies)
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