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Life
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Current Status and Novel Strategies for Treatment of Therapy-Resistant Cancers
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Current Status and Novel Strategies for Treatment of Therapy-Resistant Cancers

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (17 September 2023) | Viewed by 4419

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hifzur R Siddique

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
Interests: stem cells/cancer stem cells; drug resistance; molecular pharmacology/toxicology; stress biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy severely limits the successful therapy of deadly diseases like cancer. For advanced Cancer, the progression of tumors to the state of chemoresistance, the paucity of knowledge about the mechanism of chemoresistance, and the lack of appropriate therapeutic molecule/s are major stumbling blocks in the management and treatment of disease in cancer patients. Exiting drugs are unable to control drug-resistant cancer cell growth. Additionally, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have several side effects and cannot apply to the patient in excess. Primary or acquired drug resistance remains a fundamental cause of therapeutic failure in cancer therapy. In this context, chemo-sensitization to the therapy-resistant cells by non-toxic phytochemicals or identifying/synthesizing effective nontoxic molecules could be an excellent alternative to combat therapy-resistant cancers. In addition, unraveling drug resistance mechanisms and the discovery of new therapeutic molecule/s against the molecules responsible for resistance are not only facilitating rational treatment strategies to overcome existing limitations in therapeutic efficacy but will enhance biomarker discovery and the development of companion diagnostics. One important aspect of current discovery program is that recent advances have focused on developing and introducing phytochemical interventions as good therapeutic options against severe diseases. However, limited attention is paid to the maintenance of redox homeostasis, which is influenced by the pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant effects of phytochemicals under certain cellular microenvironments. Studies have also suggested some side effects of phytochemicals. The administration of phytochemicals enhances therapeutic efficacy by enhancing intracellular ROS accumulation. In contrast, the same ROS-scavenging phytochemicals, under certain conditions, may harm ROS-dependent cancer treatments. Thus, this Special Issue will collect all the relevant updates and covers all aspect of cancer treatments, especially chemoresistant cancers.

Dr. Hifzur R Siddique
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cancer
  • drug resistance
  • small inhibitory molecules
  • phytochemicals
  • nanomedicine

Published Papers (2 papers)

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24 pages, 1810 KiB  
Review
Molecular Insight into Prostate Cancer: Preventive Role of Selective Bioactive Molecules
by Mohd Jameel, Homa Fatma, Liudmila A. Nadtochii and Hifzur R. Siddique
Life 2023, 13(10), 1976; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13101976 - 27 Sep 2023
Viewed by 2463
Abstract
Prostate cancer (CaP) is one of the most prevalent male malignancies, accounting for a considerable number of annual mortalities. However, the prompt identification of early-stage CaP often faces delays due to diverse factors, including socioeconomic inequalities. The androgen receptor (AR), in conjunction with [...] Read more.
Prostate cancer (CaP) is one of the most prevalent male malignancies, accounting for a considerable number of annual mortalities. However, the prompt identification of early-stage CaP often faces delays due to diverse factors, including socioeconomic inequalities. The androgen receptor (AR), in conjunction with various other signaling pathways, exerts a central influence on the genesis, progression, and metastasis of CaP, with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) serving as the primary therapeutic strategy. Therapeutic modalities encompassing surgery, chemotherapy, hormonal intervention, and radiotherapy have been formulated for addressing early and metastatic CaP. Nonetheless, the heterogeneous tumor microenvironment frequently triggers the activation of signaling pathways, culminating in the emergence of chemoresistance, an aspect to which cancer stem cells (CSCs) notably contribute. Phytochemicals emerge as reservoirs of bioactive agents conferring manifold advantages against human morbidity. Several of these phytochemicals demonstrate potential chemoprotective and chemosensitizing properties against CaP, with selectivity exhibited towards malignant cells while sparing their normal counterparts. In this context, the present review aims to elucidate the intricate molecular underpinnings associated with metastatic CaP development and the acquisition of chemoresistance. Moreover, the contributions of phytochemicals to ameliorating CaP initiation, progression, and chemoresistance are also discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Status and Novel Strategies for Treatment of Therapy-Resistant Cancers)
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Case Report
Outcomes of Third-Line Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in a Patient with De Novo Stage 4 HER2-Positive Gastric Adenocarcinoma with Enteroblastic Differentiation: A Case Report
by Roger Kai-Cheong Ngan
Life 2023, 13(9), 1851; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13091851 - 31 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1557
Abstract
This case report describes the treatment of a patient diagnosed with de novo stage 4 human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-positive gastric adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation (GAED), a rare and aggressive form of gastric cancer characterized by a tubulopapillary growth pattern and enteroblastic [...] Read more.
This case report describes the treatment of a patient diagnosed with de novo stage 4 human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-positive gastric adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation (GAED), a rare and aggressive form of gastric cancer characterized by a tubulopapillary growth pattern and enteroblastic cell lineage markers such as GPC3, SALL4, and alpha fetoprotein. Given the patient’s symptomatic, advanced-stage cancer, treatment objectives were focused on effectively deterring disease progression and ameliorating symptoms throughout the anticipated multiple lines of therapy. Subsequent to standard first- and second-line therapies for HER2-positive metastatic GC, third-line treatment using the antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) for seven cycles resulted in satisfactory tumor control and well-preserved physical performance and quality of life, with minimal hematologic and pulmonary toxicities. The patient retained acceptable physical performance to receive subsequent lines of therapies, and still showed a tumor marker response to 5L trastuzumab-based chemotherapy. As the tumor was positive for both HER2 and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expressions, the selection and sequencing of anti-HER2 and anti-PD-L1 therapies were discussed in relation to the latest U.S. Food and Drug Administration approvals and trial results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Status and Novel Strategies for Treatment of Therapy-Resistant Cancers)
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