Research Advances in Micro-Immunotherapy and Low Doses-Based Therapies

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Physiology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 2298

Special Issue Editors

Preclinical Research Department, Labo’Life France, Pescalis-Les Magnys, 79320 Moncoutant-sur-Sevre, France
Interests: micro-immunotherapy; low doses; ultra-low doses; translational research; immunology; inflammation; allergy; cancer

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Guest Editor
Preclinical Research Department, Labo’Life France, Pescalis-Les Magnys, 79320 Moncoutant-sur-Sevre, France
Interests: micro-immunotherapy; low doses; ultra-low doses; immune system; inflammatory-mediated diseases; cancer; cytokines; epigenetic

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The relationship between drug dose and clinical efficacy is complex and not easily quantifiable. While side effects and allergic reactions commonly increase with the dose employed, the greatest clinical benefits are not always guaranteed by dose escalation, and, on the contrary, a better balance between benefits and risks for the patient could be achieved with lower doses.

A growing body of evidence in fundamental research explains how organisms and cells respond to low doses of stimuli. Studies have demonstrated that cells exhibit remarkable sensitivity to cytokines and other signaling molecules, with a single molecule even capable of activating a cell, triggering various biological responses, or stimulating the immune system.

In parallel, numerous studies support the theory of hormesis, which postulates that non-linear biological responses can reach greater effects with lower concentrations. This concept has significant medical implications in the domains of pharmacology and applied research.  

Furthermore, the emerging field of research on low dose therapies has yielded promising results and calls for further explorations and studies. The approach of micro-immunotherapy is particularly noteworthy as it utilizes low doses and ultra-low doses of immune regulators to either bolster the host’s defenses or mitigate immune responses in the context of inflammatory-mediated diseases.

This Special Issue aims to provide up-to-date data through fundamental, preclinical, and/or clinical research studies on the emerging field of micro-immunotherapy, low dose medicine, or low dose therapies, thus creating a valuable resource and a comprehensive collection of papers in this specialized area of research.

We kindly invite researchers and healthcare professionals to submit original research articles, reviews to Life addressing topics pertinent to this issue.

All submitted papers will undergo a rigorous peer review process by experts in the field.

Dr. Ilaria Floris
Dr. Camille Jacques
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • low dose medicine
  • micro-immunotherapy
  • dose–response relationship
  • hormesis
  • inflammation
  • immune system
  • cytokines

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 2695 KiB  
Article
Understanding the Mode of Action of a Micro-Immunotherapy Formulation: Pre-Clinical Evidence from the Study of 2LEBV® Active Ingredients
by Camille Jacques, Flora Marchand, Mathias Chatelais, Adrien Brulefert and Ilaria Floris
Life 2024, 14(1), 102; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14010102 - 09 Jan 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1436
Abstract
Background: Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is often kept silent and asymptomatic; however, its reactivation induces a chronic and/or recurrent infection that is associated with numerous diseases, including cancer and inflammation-related disorders. As no specific treatment is currently available, the immune factors-based micro-immunotherapy (MI) medicine [...] Read more.
Background: Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is often kept silent and asymptomatic; however, its reactivation induces a chronic and/or recurrent infection that is associated with numerous diseases, including cancer and inflammation-related disorders. As no specific treatment is currently available, the immune factors-based micro-immunotherapy (MI) medicine 2LEBV® could be considered a valuable therapeutic option to sustain the immune system in EBV reactivation. Methods: The present work aimed to investigate, for the first time, the effect of 2LEBV® in several in vitro models of uninfected immune-related cells. Results: 2LEBV® displayed phagocytosis-enhancing capabilities in granulocytes. In human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), it increased the intra- and extra-cellular expression of interleukin (IL)-2. Moreover, it modulated the secretion of other cytokines, increasing IL-4, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels or lowering other cytokines levels such as IL-9. Finally, 2LEBV® reduced the expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-II in endothelial cells and macrophages. Conclusions: Although these data are still preliminary and the chosen models do not consider the underlying EBV-reactivation mechanisms, they still provide a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of 2LEBV®, both at functional and molecular levels. Furthermore, they open perspectives regarding the potential targets of 2LEBV® in its employment as a therapeutic intervention for EBV-associated diseases. Full article
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Review

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18 pages, 3184 KiB  
Review
Exploring the Potential of Micro-Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Periodontitis
by Maria del Mar Ferrà-Cañellas and Laura Garcia-Sureda
Life 2024, 14(5), 552; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14050552 - 25 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Periodontitis, characterized by the progressive destruction of dental support tissues due to altered immune responses, poses a significant concern for public health. This condition involves intricate interactions between the immune response and oral microbiome, where innate and adaptive immune responses, with their diverse [...] Read more.
Periodontitis, characterized by the progressive destruction of dental support tissues due to altered immune responses, poses a significant concern for public health. This condition involves intricate interactions between the immune response and oral microbiome, where innate and adaptive immune responses, with their diverse cell populations and inflammatory mediators, play crucial roles in this immunopathology. Indeed, cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and immune cells perform key functions in tissue remodeling. Focusing on periodontal therapies, our attention turns to micro-immunotherapy (MI), employing low doses (LDs) and ultra-low doses (ULDs) of immunological signaling molecules like cytokines, growth factors, and hormones. Existing studies across various fields lay the groundwork for the application of MI in periodontitis, highlighting its anti-inflammatory and regenerative potential in soft tissue models based on in vitro research. In summary, this review underscores the versatility and potential of MI in managing periodontal health, urging further investigations to solidify its clinical integration. MI supports an innovative approach by modulating immune responses at low doses to address periodontitis. Full article
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