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Omics Technologies in Bladder Cancer
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Omics Technologies in Bladder Cancer

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Proteins and Proteomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 10775

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ting-Feng Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 710, Taiwan
Interests: oncology proteomics; complementary medicine, oncology; ureteroscopy; punicalagin; proteins
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Chien-Feng Li

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Chi Mei Medical Center/National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 367, Taiwan
Interests: urothelial cancer; sarcoma; molecular pathology; experimental therapeutics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The surfaces of bladders and ureters are covered mainly by urothelium. Urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma has a high frequency of local recurrence followed by lethal distal spreading. Cystoscopy and urine cytology offer high specificity and acceptable sensitivity for high-grade urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma diagnosis but lack sensitivity in low-grade lesions. Furthermore, a subset of patients with tumor metastasis might not demonstrate detectable urinary bladder cancer recurrence, especially those who have received radical cystectomy. Therefore, identifying prognostic biomarkers by uncovering the molecular carcinogenesis of urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma may give valuable insights that help to interpret better diagnosis/prognosis and novel targeted therapeutic strategies.

Proteomics covers many platform techniques for protein separation and identification, determining their functions and interactions, and annotation. Proteomic techniques that can examine the whole proteome or a fraction comprise two-dimensional gel electrophoresis or liquid chromatography, combined with mass spectrometry.

Genetic and, ultimately, protein alterations are primary determinants controlling neoplastic transformation and tumor progression. Thus, comparison of in vitro or clinical samples by proteomics technology allows molecular characterization of the proteins involved in urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma progression and searching for potential biomarkers for early detection and prognosis.

Prof. Dr. Ting-Feng Wu
Guest Editor

Prof. Dr. Chien-Feng Li
Co-Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • proteomics
  • urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma
  • bladder cancer
  • prognostic marker
  • mass spectrometry
  • proteome
  • two-dimensional gel electrophoresis
  • liquid chromatography

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 2347 KiB  
Article
Uncovering the Inhibitory Molecular Mechanism of Pomegranate Peel to Urinary Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma Using Proteomics Techniques
by Kuan-Hua Huang, Ching-Ping Chang, Lan-Hsiang Chien, Chien-Feng Li, Ling-Yu Tang, Yu-Yi Chan and Ting-Feng Wu
Life 2022, 12(11), 1839; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12111839 - 9 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1634
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit demonstrates the repressive effectiveness of many tumors. Our previous studies showed that the PEP (pomegranate peel extract) E2 fraction obtained from the ethyl acetate layer of the pomegranate peel’s ethanol extract exhibited the highest inhibitory activities to [...] Read more.
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit demonstrates the repressive effectiveness of many tumors. Our previous studies showed that the PEP (pomegranate peel extract) E2 fraction obtained from the ethyl acetate layer of the pomegranate peel’s ethanol extract exhibited the highest inhibitory activities to induce Urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC) cell apoptosis. The ethyl acetate layer could lower the volume and weight of T24 tumors and initiate apoptosis in nude mice xenografted bladder tumors. In this study, we intended to clarify the inhibitory molecular process of Taiwanese local pomegranate peel to urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma using a proteomics strategy. Gel-based proteomics (two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with tandem mass spectrometry) was used to get an insight into the molecular mechanisms initiated by PEPE2 to evoke bladder cancer cell apoptosis. We found eleven down-regulated and eight up-regulated proteins in PEPE2-treated T24 cells. Our results implied that these PEPE2-dysregulated proteins belong to cell apoptosis, cell proliferation, death receptor signaling, JAK/STAT signaling, the PPAR pathway, the PPARα/RXR α pathway, Rho family GTPase signaling, and RhoGDI signaling. In addition, HSP90 and PTP1B proteins, associated with apoptosis, were de-regulated in xenografted bladder tumors in nude mice fed with an ethyl acetate layer of ethanol extract. The findings above implied that pomegranate might be a potential chemopreventive resource for UBUC carcinogenesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Omics Technologies in Bladder Cancer)
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13 pages, 2451 KiB  
Article
Novel Antimicrobial Strategies to Prevent Biofilm Infections in Catheters after Radical Cystectomy: A Pilot Study
by Rosa Gaglione, Katia Pane, Maria De Luca, Monica Franzese, Angela Arciello, Francesco Trama, Stefano Brancorsini, Marco Salvatore, Ester Illiano and Elisabetta Costantini
Life 2022, 12(6), 802; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12060802 - 27 May 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1863
Abstract
Catheter-associated infections in bladder cancer patients, following radical cystectomy or ureterocutaneostomy, are very frequent, and the development of antibiotic resistance poses great challenges for treating biofilm-based infections. Here, we characterized bacterial communities from catheters of patients who had undergone radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive [...] Read more.
Catheter-associated infections in bladder cancer patients, following radical cystectomy or ureterocutaneostomy, are very frequent, and the development of antibiotic resistance poses great challenges for treating biofilm-based infections. Here, we characterized bacterial communities from catheters of patients who had undergone radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. We evaluated the efficacy of conventional antibiotics, alone or combined with the human ApoB-derived antimicrobial peptide r(P)ApoBLAla, to treat ureteral catheter-colonizing bacterial communities on clinically isolated bacteria. Microbial communities adhering to indwelling catheters were collected during the patients’ regular catheter change schedules (28 days) and extracted within 48 h. Living bacteria were characterized using selective media and biochemical assays. Biofilm growth and novel antimicrobial strategies were analyzed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Statistical analyses confirmed the relevance of the biofilm reduction induced by conventional antibiotics (fosfomycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tetracycline) and a well-characterized human antimicrobial peptide r(P)ApoBLAla (1:20 ratio, respectively). Catheters showed polymicrobial communities, with Enterobactericiae and Proteus isolates predominating. In all samples, we recorded a meaningful reduction in biofilms, in both biomass and thickness, upon treatment with the antimicrobial peptide r(P)ApoBLAla in combination with low concentrations of conventional antibiotics. The results suggest that combinations of conventional antibiotics and human antimicrobial peptides might synergistically counteract biofilm growth on ureteral catheters, suggesting novel avenues for preventing catheter-associated infections in patients who have undergone radical cystectomy and ureterocutaneostomy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Omics Technologies in Bladder Cancer)
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17 pages, 3524 KiB  
Article
Proteomic Profiling of Plasma-Derived Biomarkers in Patients with Bladder Cancer: A Step towards Clinical Translation
by Taoufik Nedjadi, Nada Albarakati, Hicham Benabdelkamel, Afshan Masood, Assim A. Alfadda and Jaudah Al-Maghrabi
Life 2021, 11(12), 1294; https://doi.org/10.3390/life11121294 - 25 Nov 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2188
Abstract
Background: Bladder cancer is a life-threatening disease and a major cause of cancer-associated complications. The main challenges confronted during the clinical management of bladder cancer are associated with recurrence and disease progression to the muscle-invasive phenotype. Improved early detection of the disease is [...] Read more.
Background: Bladder cancer is a life-threatening disease and a major cause of cancer-associated complications. The main challenges confronted during the clinical management of bladder cancer are associated with recurrence and disease progression to the muscle-invasive phenotype. Improved early detection of the disease is of paramount importance to prevent disease progression and improve survival. Hence, novel clinically applicable biomarkers for early detection are warranted. Methods: In the current study, a comparative proteomic approach was undertaken using plasma samples to identify protein biomarkers associated with the muscle-invasive phenotype of bladder carcinoma. Isolated plasma proteins were depleted, DIGE-labeled, then subjected to conventional 2D electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry for identification of differentially expressed proteins. Western blot was used for data validation. Results: Fourteen differentially expressed proteins with statistically significant changes in abundance between the cancer group and control group were identified. Three differentially expressed proteins were selected for validation, among which apolipoprotein A1 exhibited high specificity and sensitivity (AUC = 0.906). Ingenuity pathway analysis identified IFN-γ and TNF-α as the main signaling hub for the differentially regulated proteins. Conclusion: Our findings provide additional insight into understanding bladder cancer pathogenesis. Our data identified potential non-invasive plasma-derived biomarker proteins that merit additional investigation to validate its clinical usefulness to prevent bladder cancer progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Omics Technologies in Bladder Cancer)
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Review

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15 pages, 1324 KiB  
Review
Proteomics for Early Detection of Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Clinically Useful Urine Protein Biomarkers
by Jae-Hak Ahn, Chan-Koo Kang, Eun-Mee Kim, Ah-Ram Kim and Aram Kim
Life 2022, 12(3), 395; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12030395 - 9 Mar 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4154
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men, and most cases are non-muscle-invasive. A high recurrence rate is a critical problem in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The availability of few urine tests hinders the effective detection of superficial and small bladder tumors. [...] Read more.
Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men, and most cases are non-muscle-invasive. A high recurrence rate is a critical problem in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The availability of few urine tests hinders the effective detection of superficial and small bladder tumors. Cystoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis; however, it is associated with urinary tract infections, hematuria, and pain. Early detection is imperative, as intervention influences recurrence. Therefore, urinary biomarkers need to be developed to detect these bladder cancers. Recently, several protein candidates in the urine have been identified as biomarkers. In the present narrative review, the current status of the development of urinary protein biomarkers, including FDA-approved biomarkers, is summarized. Additionally, contemporary proteomic technologies, such as antibody-based methods, mass-spectrometry-based methods, and machine-learning-based diagnosis, are reported. Furthermore, new strategies for the rapid and correct profiling of potential biomarkers of bladder cancer in urine are introduced, along with their limitations. The advantages of urinary protein biomarkers and the development of several related technologies are highlighted in this review. Moreover, an in-depth understanding of the scientific background and available protocols in research and clinical applications of the surveillance of non-muscle bladder cancer is provided. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Omics Technologies in Bladder Cancer)
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