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Lubricants
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Tribological Study in Rolling Bearing
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Tribological Study in Rolling Bearing

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 6725

Special Issue Editor

Dr. He Liang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Machinery and Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: EHL; film forming; rolling bearings; techniques for film thickness measurement; lubrication

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A Special Issue of the Lubricants journal is being planned on the topic of tribological study in rolling bearings.

Rolling bearings are essential components in the production of high-end equipment. Without rolling bearings, high-speed trains cannot run, aircraft cannot fly, and satellites cannot operate normally. As modern industry and scientific research technology advance, the application of rolling bearings becomes more widespread: the size width becomes larger, the bearing capacity becomes stronger, the speed becomes faster, and the requirements of these applications on rolling bearings become much higher. The associated rolling bearing research is becoming more in-depth. Further tribological study is needed for rolling bearings such as the film forming properties, the oil layer distribution and flow pattern, the proper lubricants, the influence of the complicated structure, surface roughness and texture, the effects of extreme working conditions and special environments, etc.

Therefore, researchers and practicing engineers are invited to contribute their most recent results to this Special Issue, entitled “Tribological Study in Rolling Bearing”.

Dr. He Liang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Lubricants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • rolling bearings
  • EHL
  • film forming
  • lubricants
  • fluid mechanics
  • extreme working conditions and special environments

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 5840 KiB  
Article
An Experimental Study on the Distribution of Grease in Cylindrical Roller Bearings
by He Liang, Yan Lu, Wenzhong Wang, Yi Sun, Jingjing Zhao and Yulong Guo
Lubricants 2024, 12(5), 145; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12050145 - 25 Apr 2024
Viewed by 323
Abstract
The lubrication performance of bearings is greatly influenced by the distribution of the lubricant. In this study, a cylindrical rolling bearing test rig was constructed and presented. The distribution of grease and lubricating oil along the contact region was examined using the laser-induced [...] Read more.
The lubrication performance of bearings is greatly influenced by the distribution of the lubricant. In this study, a cylindrical rolling bearing test rig was constructed and presented. The distribution of grease and lubricating oil along the contact region was examined using the laser-induced fluorescence technique, and the thickness of the layer was determined. The lubricating oil and grease layer thickness distribution map was acquired. The effects of supply amount, thickener content, and speed on grease distribution were examined. Mechanisms for replenishing the line contact area were investigated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribological Study in Rolling Bearing)
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16 pages, 8855 KiB  
Article
Oil–Air Two-Phase Flow Distribution Characteristics inside Cylindrical Roller Bearing with Under-Race Lubrication
by Wenjun Gao, Can Li, Yuanhao Li, Zhenxia Liu and Yaguo Lyu
Lubricants 2024, 12(4), 133; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12040133 - 16 Apr 2024
Viewed by 372
Abstract
A deep understanding of oil behavior inside roller bearings is important for the precise design of bearing configurations and oil systems in aircraft engines. The numerical method is employed to track oil distribution inside cylindrical roller bearings with under-race lubrication along the circumference [...] Read more.
A deep understanding of oil behavior inside roller bearings is important for the precise design of bearing configurations and oil systems in aircraft engines. The numerical method is employed to track oil distribution inside cylindrical roller bearings with under-race lubrication along the circumference and radial direction, respectively. The results demonstrate that oil distribution along the circumference is periodic with the number of under-race nozzles, and higher rotating speed and lower flow rate would reduce the fluctuation amplitude. It is difficult for oil to flow through the gap between the cage pocket and rollers, and higher oil viscosity would worsen it further. In some extreme cases, the oil volume fraction near the outer race may be lower than 0.7%, causing the risk of lubricating and cooling failure. Thus, more attention should be paid to the outer race of the roller bearing with under-race lubrication, especially during the starting stage of the engine and in cold weather. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribological Study in Rolling Bearing)
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14 pages, 8332 KiB  
Article
Study on Grease Lubrication and Electric Erosion Characteristics in AC Electric Fields
by Ziying Li, Feng Guo, Zhaogang Jing, Bing Li, Li Zhang and Xiaobo Wang
Lubricants 2024, 12(3), 79; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12030079 - 04 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1124
Abstract
Protecting motor bearings from electric erosion is crucial as electric vehicles evolve. To better understand how lubrication interacts with electric discharge within motor bearings during varying speeds of vehicle operation, an optical ball-on-disk tribometer was modified to investigate the influence of alternating current [...] Read more.
Protecting motor bearings from electric erosion is crucial as electric vehicles evolve. To better understand how lubrication interacts with electric discharge within motor bearings during varying speeds of vehicle operation, an optical ball-on-disk tribometer was modified to investigate the influence of alternating current (AC) electric fields on film thickness, friction force under various lubrication regions, and discharge characteristics. The study revealed that in AC electric fields, as the lubrication state shifts from mixed lubrication to fluid lubrication region, the electrical characteristic of the lubricating oil film changes from resistive to capacitive, accompanied by an increase in discharge frequency. Under the elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) region, an electrical potential difference between the surfaces separated by the lubrication film leads to a reduction in film thickness, which can be attributed to the generation of Joule heating. If the potential difference across the oil film increases to the threshold voltage, destructive discharge occurs with the emission of a significant amount of purple light. Joule heating generated by the AC electric fields also results in a reduction in the friction coefficient under the fluid lubrication region. However, due to the reduction in film thickness, the lubrication state eventually moves to mixed lubrication, leading to a substantial increase in the friction coefficient. In addition, the study also investigated the use of grease with a nanographite conductive additive. It was found that inappropriate additive amounts can lead to discharge phenomena occurring outside the contact region. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribological Study in Rolling Bearing)
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23 pages, 7033 KiB  
Article
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Precise Film Thickness Assessment in Line Contacts
by Manjunath Manjunath, Simon Hausner, André Heine, Patrick De Baets and Dieter Fauconnier
Lubricants 2024, 12(2), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12020051 - 10 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1464
Abstract
In this article, we focus on utilising electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for the assessment of global and contact impedances in roller bearings. Our primary objective is to establish a quantitative prediction of lubricant film thickness in elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) and investigate the impedance [...] Read more.
In this article, we focus on utilising electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for the assessment of global and contact impedances in roller bearings. Our primary objective is to establish a quantitative prediction of lubricant film thickness in elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) and investigate the impedance transition from ohmic to capacitive behaviour as the system shifts from boundary lubrication to EHL. To achieve this, we conduct measurements of electrical impedance, bearing and oil temperature, and frictional torque in a cylindrical roller thrust bearing (CRTB) subjected to pure axial loading across various rotational speeds and supply oil temperatures. The measured impedance data is analysed and translated into a quantitative measure of lubricant film thickness within the contacts using the impedance-based and capacitance-based methods. For EHL, we observe that the measured capacitance of the EHL contact deviates from the theoretical value based on a Hertzian contact shape by a factor ranging from 3 to 11, depending on rotational speed, load, and temperature. The translation of complex impedance values to film thickness, employing the impedance and capacitance method, is then compared with the analytically estimated film thickness using the Moes correlation, corrected for inlet shear heating effects. This comparison demonstrates a robust agreement within 2% for EHL film thickness measurement. Monitoring the bearing resistance and capacitance via EIS across rotational speeds clearly shows the transition from boundary to mixed lubrication as well as the transition from mixed lubrication to EHL. Finally, we have observed that monitoring the electrical impedance appears to have the potential to perform the run-in of bearings in a controlled way. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribological Study in Rolling Bearing)
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16 pages, 5192 KiB  
Article
Effects of Oil and Solid Body Temperatures on Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Film Formation
by Junbin Gao, Ping Yang, Xinming Li, Xuyang Jin, Ye Tian, Ziyang Cheng and Xu Yan
Lubricants 2024, 12(2), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12020028 - 23 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1176
Abstract
The present study focuses on investigating the influence of oil and solid body temperatures on elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) film formation. Experimental and numerical simulation methods are employed to examine three heating methods: oil and ball heating, disc heating, and entire system heating. A [...] Read more.
The present study focuses on investigating the influence of oil and solid body temperatures on elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) film formation. Experimental and numerical simulation methods are employed to examine three heating methods: oil and ball heating, disc heating, and entire system heating. A preliminary comparison between the measured results and numerical simulations confirms the impact of heating methods on film formation while validating the availability of the numerical models. Further numerical analysis reveals that in the case of oil and ball heating, the temperature gradient induced by differences in solid body temperatures plays a more significant role in film formation compared to the conventional thermal-viscosity wedge effect caused by EHL film shear. This effect is further amplified at large sliding–rolling ratios and in steel–steel contacts. The overall film formation is primarily governed by the oil inlet temperature, whereas local film formation characterized by a dimple shape is influenced by both thermal gradient effects and thermal-viscosity wedge effects. This study provides valuable insights for selecting appropriate heating methods in experiments as well as understanding how temperature differences affect film formation in practical engineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribological Study in Rolling Bearing)
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20 pages, 6400 KiB  
Article
Power Loss Analysis of an Oil-Jet Lubricated Angular Contact Ball Bearing: Theoretical and Experimental Investigations
by Lionel Darul, Thomas Touret, Christophe Changenet and Fabrice Ville
Lubricants 2024, 12(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12010014 - 05 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1793
Abstract
This study presents a theoretical and experimental analysis to quantify the power losses generated by an oil jet lubricated angular contact ball bearing. The analysis is conducted for a moderate speed range (N∙dm product less than 106) and a limited applied [...] Read more.
This study presents a theoretical and experimental analysis to quantify the power losses generated by an oil jet lubricated angular contact ball bearing. The analysis is conducted for a moderate speed range (N∙dm product less than 106) and a limited applied load (<5% of the static capacity). The lubrication regime of each ball is studied through a theoretical model and varies from Iso-Viscous Rigid to Elasto-Hydrodynamic. Therefore, the hydrodynamic effects are considered in the power loss calculation. An experimental campaign is carried out and the influence of several parameters (applied load, oil injection temperature, speed, etc.) is studied. A good agreement is found between the developed model and the measurements. It is shown that the radial applied load has no influence on power losses, unlike speed and axial load. This can be explained by the load distribution and the hydrodynamic rolling contribution on the low loaded balls. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tribological Study in Rolling Bearing)
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