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Mechanical and Metallurgical Behaviour of Welded Materials
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Mechanical and Metallurgical Behaviour of Welded Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Manufacturing Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 May 2025 | Viewed by 2069

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Chao Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
Interests: welding; microstructures; additive manufacturing; welded joints; droplet transfer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Welding is a common connection method used in production today, and efficient smart welding methods can increase productivity. Additionally, additive manufacturing based on layer-by-layer stacking has a significant advantage in processing efficiency; it is also the most promising processing and manufacturing technology for the future. In view of the current problems of additive manufacturing, it is necessary to develop new additive methods and modification processes that can significantly improve the performance of the deposited components. Thus, publications about the manufacturing, microstructure characterization, and property analysis of metallic materials manufactured by welding and additive manufacturing are encouraged to be submitted for publishing in this Special Issue. Furthermore, the structure design, microstructure configuration, and strengthening mechanism analysis of the alloys manufactured by welding and additive manufacturing will also be fully considered. This Special Issue is thus organized to publish state-of-the-art works that aim to offer some guidance on the manufacturing, investigation, and application of alloys fabricated using welding and additive manufacturing.

It is my pleasure to invite you to submit papers for this special issue. We accept full papers, communications, and reviews.

Dr. Chao Chen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • welding
  • additive manufacturing
  • metallic materials
  • mechanical properties
  • microstructures

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 5647 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Microstructure and Interfacial Reactions of Diffusion Bonding of Ni-Ti6Al4V Materials Joined by Using Ag Interlayer
by Şükrü Çetinkaya and Haluk Kejanli
Materials 2024, 17(18), 4462; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17184462 - 11 Sep 2024
Viewed by 245
Abstract
Due to its super plasticity, low weight, and high mechanical resistance properties, generally, Ti6Al4V is used for aeronautical applications. However, it has low resistance to plastic shearing. In addition, it has poor wear resistance. For these reasons, a lot of techniques have been [...] Read more.
Due to its super plasticity, low weight, and high mechanical resistance properties, generally, Ti6Al4V is used for aeronautical applications. However, it has low resistance to plastic shearing. In addition, it has poor wear resistance. For these reasons, a lot of techniques have been developed to improve its wear resistance. Investigations of microstructure and interfacial reactions of diffusion bonding of Ni and Ti6Al4V materials have been performed experimentally. Ni samples were prepared with 50 ± 5 µm Ni powders in cylindrical shape. For diffusion bonding, Ag foil was used for improving the interlayer and connection quality. Nickel and its alloys can be joined by using some different processes, and the use of an interlayer can further facilitate the joining process and improve the joint quality. The experiments were carried out under the protected atmosphere. Argon gas was used for protection. The experiments were performed under 5 MPa pressure for 60 min duration at 850 °C, 900 °C, and 950 °C thermal conditions. Investigations of metallurgical structure occurring in the interface areas were examined by optic analysis of EDS, SEM, and X-ray. The strength of the joints was tested by lap-shear tests. From observations, the best quality of the coalescence at interfaces was indicated at elevated temperatures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical and Metallurgical Behaviour of Welded Materials)
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15 pages, 9489 KiB  
Article
Effect of Bias Arc on Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Q235/304 Dissimilar-Steel-Welded Joints
by Lin Li, Rongcai Ma, Cheng Yang, Tie Liu, Guorui Sun, Wenlong Li, Chuanchuan Jia, Chao Chen and Fengya Hu
Materials 2024, 17(17), 4234; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17174234 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 343
Abstract
To fully exploit the advantages of steel, the welding connection of dissimilar steels has been developed. In this work, the metallographic microstructures, elemental distributions, and electrochemical corrosion properties of the Q235 and 304 welds under different bias arcs were investigated. The arc bias [...] Read more.
To fully exploit the advantages of steel, the welding connection of dissimilar steels has been developed. In this work, the metallographic microstructures, elemental distributions, and electrochemical corrosion properties of the Q235 and 304 welds under different bias arcs were investigated. The arc bias caused the Q235-side heat-affected zone to widen, the microstructure consisted of ferrite and pearlite, and the ratio varied with decreasing distance from the fusion line. Elemental scans show that Cr and Ni concentration gradients exist near the fusion line. The 304-stainless-steel-side heat-affected zone was mainly composed of austenite grains, and the fusion zone was narrower but prone to cracking. Electrochemical tests revealed that 304 stainless steel had the best corrosion resistance, while Q235 had the worst corrosion resistance, and that the welded joints with an arc bias toward the 304 side had the best corrosion resistance. The samples’ the passivation film which formed via electrochemical polarization had limited stability, but the over-passivation potential could be used as a reference for corrosion resistance. Overall, the arc bias and weld material properties significantly affected the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the joints. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical and Metallurgical Behaviour of Welded Materials)
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19 pages, 10995 KiB  
Article
Influence of Welding Degree on the Meso-Mechanical Anisotropy, Fracture Propagation, and Fracture Surface Roughness of Welded Tuff
by Beixiu Huang, Lihui Li, Chenglong Li, Sijia Qiao and Pathegama Gamage Ranjith
Materials 2024, 17(11), 2573; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17112573 - 27 May 2024
Viewed by 488
Abstract
Welded tuffs have a wide range of welding degrees and show significant variability in mechanical behavior. However, the detailed influence of welding degree on the meso-mechanical behavior of welded tuffs remains unclear. Based on petrographic and pore-structure analysis, we conducted a series of [...] Read more.
Welded tuffs have a wide range of welding degrees and show significant variability in mechanical behavior. However, the detailed influence of welding degree on the meso-mechanical behavior of welded tuffs remains unclear. Based on petrographic and pore-structure analysis, we conducted a series of meso-mechanical experiments on weakly to strongly welded tuffs by utilizing a mesoscale real-time loading-observation-acquisition system. The results indicated that the strongly and weakly welded tuffs showed a small range in mineralogical composition and porosity, while the meso-mechanical behavior exhibited significant variability. Strongly welded tuffs showed lower uniaxial compression strength, weaker mechanical anisotropy, and smaller fracture surface roughness. In contrast, weakly welded tuffs exhibited higher uniaxial compression strength, stronger mechanical anisotropy, and rougher fracture surface roughness. Welded tuffs with strong packing and welding of glass shards tended to have fractures propagating along the maximum principal direction, while those with weak packing and welding of glass shards may have had failure along the alignment of glass shards. The influence of welding degree on the meso-mechanical behavior of welded tuffs probably originates from their diagenesis environments, mainly depending on the combined effect of the pyroclastic properties and pseudo-rhyolitic structure. The findings reveal the meso-mechanical differences of welded tuffs and shed light on improving tuffs for stable and durable construction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical and Metallurgical Behaviour of Welded Materials)
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16 pages, 5905 KiB  
Article
Investigating the Forming Characteristics of 316 Stainless Steel Fabricated through Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing
by Yi Feng and Ding Fan
Materials 2024, 17(10), 2184; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17102184 - 7 May 2024
Viewed by 581
Abstract
Wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), recognized for its capability to fabricate large-scale, complex parts, stands out due to its significant deposition rates and cost-effectiveness, positioning it as a forward-looking manufacturing method. In this research, we employed two welding currents to produce samples [...] Read more.
Wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), recognized for its capability to fabricate large-scale, complex parts, stands out due to its significant deposition rates and cost-effectiveness, positioning it as a forward-looking manufacturing method. In this research, we employed two welding currents to produce samples of 316 austenitic stainless steel utilizing the Cold Metal Transfer wire arc additive manufacturing process (CMT-WAAM). This study initially evaluated the maximum allowable arc travel speed (MAWFS) and the formation characteristics of the deposition bead, considering deposition currents that vary between 100 A and175 A in both CMT and CMT pulse(CMT+P) modes. Thereafter, the effect of the CMT+P mode arc on the microstructure evolution was analyzed using the EBSD technique. The findings indicate that the arc travel speed and deposition current significantly affect the deposition bead’s dimensions. Specifically, an increase in travel speed or a reduction in current results in reduced bead width and height. Moreover, the employment of the CMT+P arc mode led to a reduction in the average grain size in the mid-section of the sample fabricated by CMT arc and wire additive manufacturing, from 13.426 μm to 9.429 μm. Therefore, the components of 316 stainless steel produced through the CMT+P-WAAM method are considered fit for industrial applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical and Metallurgical Behaviour of Welded Materials)
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