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Novel Acoustic Methods for the Characterization, Modeling and Nondestructive Testing of Materials: From Infrasonic to Ultrasonic

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Materials Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2022) | Viewed by 9389

Special Issue Editors

LMA Laboratoire de Mécanique et d'Acoustique, National Centre for Scientific Research, 13013 Marseille, France
Interests: solving direct and inverse problems; acoustical physics of materials; linear–nonlinear vibration; elastic, poroelastic, micropolar elastic, and porous materials; audible/ultrasonic characterization of materials; ab-initio computation of mechanical properties

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Co-Guest Editor
Laboratory of Mechanics and Acoustics, French National Centre for Scientific Research LMA, CNRS, UMR 7031, Centrale Marseille, Aix-Marseille University CEDEX 20, F-13402 Marseille, France
Interests: porous materials; micropolar and fractal materials; fractional calculus; ultrasonic and low frequency characterization; acoustic propagation; vibroacoustic; alloys; direct and inverse problem solving; optimization
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Contributions are invited on novel achievements in all fields of material synthesis, with the corresponding novel acoustic methods for their characterization, namely: theoretical models, instrumentation, and technology employed to characterize and analyze their intrinsic properties. We invite authors to submit contributions whose ultimate goal is the advancement of the state-of-the-art of the acoustic methods and techniques for the characterization and analysis of the properties of materials. Mathematical models and the representation of the complex behavior of the materials, for example, fractal materials, multiphase materials, and so on, for characterization-oriented purposes are also welcome. Papers where mechanical properties like the elastic constants of alloys are obtained from first principles calculations and compared to ones measured using ultrasonic waves are also welcome.

Dr. Erick Ogam
Dr. Zine El Abiddine Fellah
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • Acoustic characterization
  • Porous materials
  • Poroelastic/elastic materials
  • Micropolar materials
  • Complex multiphase media
  • Linear and nonlinear acoustics
  • Linear/nonlinear ultrasonic vibration
  • Fluid–structure interaction
  • Complex media behavior analysis using acoustics
  • Computation of mechanical properties using first principles

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 5904 KiB  
Article
Finite Element Simulation of Ultrasonic Scattering by Rough Flaws with Multi-Scale Distortions
by Zheng Wang, Zhanhong Zeng, Yongfeng Song and Xiongbing Li
Materials 2022, 15(23), 8633; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238633 - 3 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1054
Abstract
The roughness of a flaw’s surface significantly affects the scattering behavior of ultrasonic waves. It is vital to understand the impact of roughness on flaw echoes, especially when performing ultrasonic nondestructive inspection on safety-critical components. However, the current approach for creating rough flaw [...] Read more.
The roughness of a flaw’s surface significantly affects the scattering behavior of ultrasonic waves. It is vital to understand the impact of roughness on flaw echoes, especially when performing ultrasonic nondestructive inspection on safety-critical components. However, the current approach for creating rough flaw models fails to reconstruct complicated cracks with secondary cracks. Here, a multi-scale distortion method is developed to generate a rough flaw by using an optical microscope image of a real flaw. The finite element (FE) is then implemented to simulate the near-surface rough flaws in nickel-based bars, which are detected by an offsetting immersion transducer with mode-converted transverse waves. Numerical results show that the randomness and complexity of flaw echoes from rough flaws are exceptionally high. The gap between the maximum and minimum normalized amplitude values of flaw echoes from a rough crack with secondary cracks can reach 7.125 dB. Meanwhile, the maximum time of flight (TOF) is almost twice as large as the minimum TOF. Therefore, the present method can generate effective rough flaw models in terms of macroscopic rough geometry and microscopic rough surface. Moreover, the impact of the rough flaw surface on the flaw echoes goes beyond amplitude changes and may make flaw location challenging. Full article
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13 pages, 2737 KiB  
Article
Ultrasound Study of Magnetic and Non-Magnetic Nanoparticle Agglomeration in High Viscous Media
by Bassam Jameel, Tomasz Hornowski, Rafał Bielas and Arkadiusz Józefczak
Materials 2022, 15(10), 3450; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15103450 - 11 May 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1699
Abstract
Ultrasound attenuation spectroscopy has found wide application in the study of colloidal dispersions such as emulsions or suspensions. The main advantage of this technique is that it can be applied to relatively high concentration systems without sample preparation. In particular, the use of [...] Read more.
Ultrasound attenuation spectroscopy has found wide application in the study of colloidal dispersions such as emulsions or suspensions. The main advantage of this technique is that it can be applied to relatively high concentration systems without sample preparation. In particular, the use of Epstein-Carhart-Allegra-Hawley’s (ECAH) ultrasound scattering theory, along with experimental data of ultrasound velocity or attenuation, provide the method of estimation for the particle or droplet size from nanometers to millimeters. In this study, suspensions of magnetite and silica nanoparticles in high viscous media (i.e., castor oil) were characterized by ultrasound spectroscopy. Both theoretical and experimental results showed a significant difference in ultrasound attenuation coefficients between the suspensions of magnetite and silica nanoparticles. The fitting of theoretical model to experimental ultrasound spectra was used to determine the real size of objects suspended in a high viscous medium that differed from the size distributions provided by electron microscopy imaging. The ultrasound spectroscopy technique demonstrated a greater tendency of magnetic particles toward agglomeration when compared with silica particles whose sizes were obtained from the combination of experimental and theoretical ultrasonic data and were more consistent with the electron microscopy images. Full article
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15 pages, 1422 KiB  
Article
Influence of Higher Order Viscous and Thermal Effects on an Ultrasonic Wave Reflected from the First Interface of a Porous Material
by Zine El Abiddine Fellah, Rémi Roncen, Nicholas O. Ongwen, Erick Ogam, Mohamed Fellah and Claude Depollier
Materials 2022, 15(3), 798; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030798 - 21 Jan 2022
Viewed by 1486
Abstract
Ultrasound propagation in porous materials involves some higher order physical parameters whose importance depends on the acoustic characteristics of the materials. This article concerns the study of the influence of two parameters recently introduced, namely, the viscous and thermal surfaces, on the acoustic [...] Read more.
Ultrasound propagation in porous materials involves some higher order physical parameters whose importance depends on the acoustic characteristics of the materials. This article concerns the study of the influence of two parameters recently introduced, namely, the viscous and thermal surfaces, on the acoustic wave reflected by the first interface of a porous material with a rigid structure. These two parameters describe the fluid/structure interactions in a porous medium during the propagation of the acoustic wave in the high-frequency regime. Both viscous and thermal surfaces are involved in Laurent expansion, which is limited to the dynamic tortuosity and compressibility to a higher order and corrects the visco-thermal losses. A sensitivity study is performed on the modulus of the reflection coefficient at the first interface as a function of frequency and on the waveforms reflected by the porous material in the time domain. The results of this study show that highly absorbent porous materials are the most sensitive to viscous and thermal surfaces, which makes the consideration of these two parameters paramount for the characterization of highly absorbent porous materials using the waves reflected from the first interface. Full article
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16 pages, 3984 KiB  
Article
Numerical Study on Surface Roughness Measurement Based on Nonlinear Ultrasonics in Through-Transmission and Pulse-Echo Modes
by Maodan Yuan, Anbang Dai, Lin Liao, Yan Chen and Xuanrong Ji
Materials 2021, 14(17), 4855; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14174855 (registering DOI) - 26 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2152
Abstract
Ultrasonic is one of the well-known methods for surface roughness measurement, but small roughness will only lead to a subtle variation of transmission or reflection. To explore sensitive techniques for surfaces with small roughness, nonlinear ultrasonic measurement in through-transmission and pulse-echo modes was [...] Read more.
Ultrasonic is one of the well-known methods for surface roughness measurement, but small roughness will only lead to a subtle variation of transmission or reflection. To explore sensitive techniques for surfaces with small roughness, nonlinear ultrasonic measurement in through-transmission and pulse-echo modes was proposed and studied based on an effective unit-cell finite element (FE) model. Higher harmonic generation in solids was realized by applying the Murnaghan hyperelastic material model. This FE model was verified by comparing the absolute value of the nonlinearity parameter with the analytical solution. Then, random surfaces with different roughness values ranging from 0 μm to 200 μm were repeatedly generated and studied in the two modes. The through-transmission mode is very suitable to measure the surfaces with roughness as small as 3% of the wavelength. The pulse-echo mode is sensitive and effective to measure the surface roughness ranging from 0.78% to 5.47% of the wavelength. This study offers a potential nondestructive testing and monitoring method for the interfaces or inner surfaces of the in-service structures. Full article
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17 pages, 3301 KiB  
Article
Ramp-Creep Ultrasound Viscoelastography for Measuring Viscoelastic Parameters of Materials
by Che-Yu Lin
Materials 2020, 13(16), 3593; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13163593 - 14 Aug 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2124
Abstract
Several ultrasound-based methods have been developed to evaluate the viscoelastic properties of materials. The purpose of this study is to introduce a novel viscoelastography method based on ultrasound acoustic radiation force for measuring the parameters relevant to the viscoelastic properties of materials, named [...] Read more.
Several ultrasound-based methods have been developed to evaluate the viscoelastic properties of materials. The purpose of this study is to introduce a novel viscoelastography method based on ultrasound acoustic radiation force for measuring the parameters relevant to the viscoelastic properties of materials, named ramp-creep ultrasound viscoelastography (RC viscoelastography). RC viscoelastography uses two different ultrasound excitation modes to cause ramp and creep strain responses in the material. By combining and analyzing the information obtained from these two modes of excitation, the viscoelastic parameters of the material can be quantitatively evaluated. Finite element computer simulation demonstrated that RC viscoelastography can accurately evaluate the viscoelastic parameters of the material, including the relaxation and creep time constants as well as the ratio of viscous fluids to solids in the material, except for the region near the top surface of the material. The novelty of RC viscoelastography is that there is no need to know the magnitude of acoustic radiation force and induced stress in the material in order to evaluate the viscoelastic parameters. In the future, experiments are necessary to test the performance of RC viscoelastography in real biomaterials and biological tissues. Full article
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