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Medicina
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Exercise-Induced Changes in Immunology
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Exercise-Induced Changes in Immunology

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Sports Medicine and Sports Traumatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 May 2022) | Viewed by 8437

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Marcin Kurowski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Immunology and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
Interests: asthma; exercise-induced bronchoconstriction; allergic rhinitis; food allergy; urticaria and angioedema; molecular allergy diagnostics; biological treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Radosław Gawlik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Internal Diseases, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
Interests: allergic diseases; airway obstruction; asthma inflammation; lung diseases; food allergy and hypersensitivity; asthma management exercise-induced allergy syndromes; anaphylaxis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The influence of exercise on immune response has been the subject of much debate in recent decades. The association of exercise with increased susceptibility to respiratory infections, asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, as well as with potentially life-threatening anaphylactic reactions, is among the issues gaining higher recognition and growing attention.

This Special Issue is aimed at publishing papers that describe recent advances and identify research gaps and unanswered questions in the—widely understood—area of exercise-associated changes in immune response. This includes, but is not restricted to, sports activity in the context of respiratory tract infections, airway inflammation and asthma, urticaria and anaphylaxis. Influence of COVID-19 upon sports performance is also the focus area of this Special Issue. Recent advances in exercise immunology include the use of proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics (and other -omics) data in assessment of the influence of exercise on immune status and disease susceptibility. In addition, exercise-induced epigenetic changes open a potentially promising direction in research. In the clinical aspect, increased popularity of endurance and ultra-endurance activity in general population has been the subject of research and still merits wider recognition due to the paucity of data. Original and review papers addressing the influence of exercise (competitive or recreational) on the immune function in its clinical, epidemiological or laboratory aspects are also welcome. Infection susceptibility, exercise-induced airway inflammation, asthma and allergy, urticaria and anaphylaxis are special focus areas.

Dr. Marcin Kurowski
Prof. Dr. Radosław Gawlik
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • exercise immunology
  • infection
  • inflammation
  • allergy
  • asthma
  • anaphylaxis
  • athletes

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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9 pages, 654 KiB  
Article
The Effects of Exercise Habit on Albuminuria and Metabolic Indices in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Hsin-Yi Kuo, Ya-Hui Huang, Su-Wen Wu, Feng-Hsun Chang, Yi-Wei Tsuei, Hsin-Chiung Fan, Wen-Fang Chiang and Po-Jen Hsiao
Medicina 2022, 58(5), 577; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58050577 - 23 Apr 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3240
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) can cause macrovascular and microvascular complications, potentially resulting in further life-threatening complications. In general, the global prevalence of type 2 DM is increasing. To date, the care of DM comprises three aspects: diet, medication and exercise; among [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) can cause macrovascular and microvascular complications, potentially resulting in further life-threatening complications. In general, the global prevalence of type 2 DM is increasing. To date, the care of DM comprises three aspects: diet, medication and exercise; among them, exercise is the most economical. Albuminuria is associated with renal injury and the progress of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The effects of habitual exercise in patients with new onset of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) have not been generally recognized. Our aim was to conduct an observational study regarding the effects of regular exercise on proteinuria and associated metabolic indices in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 DM. To investigate the effects of an exercise habit on albuminuria and the metabolic indices including renal function, blood glucose, and plasma lipids among patients with newly diagnosed type 2 DM. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on newly diagnosed DM patients in two teaching hospitals in Taiwan from 1 June to 31 December 2020. The DM patients participated in the Diabetes Shared Care Network. According to the DM care mode, the patients’ blood biochemical results were analysed. Based on exercise duration, the patients were divided into two groups, i.e., the exercise group (≥150 min per week) and the non-exercise group (<150 min per week). Clinical demographic features and laboratory examination including blood and urine biochemistries were determined. Results: A total of 229 patients including 99 males (43.2%) and 130 females (56.8%) participated in the study. The proportion of DM patients with normoalbuminuria was higher (p < 0.05) in the exercise group (69.8%) than in the non-exercise group (53.7%), and the proportion of DM patients with micro or macroalbuminuria was lower in the exercise group (30.2%) than in the non-exercise group (46.3%). Levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were significantly different in both groups. Compared with the non-exercise group, lower HbA1c (6.89 ± 0.69 vs. 7.16 ± 1.05%) (p < 0.05), lower FPG (121.9 ± 25.7 vs. 140.5 ± 42.4 mg/dL) (p < 0.05), lower TG (115.6 ± 53.6 vs. 150.2 ± 15.4 mg/dL) (p < 0.05), and higher HDL (50.3 ± 11.4 vs. 44.1 ± 9.26 mg/dL) (p < 0.05) levels were noted in the exercise group. Conclusions: Regular exercise remains imperative and may bear an impact on albuminuria, blood glucose, and plasma lipids among type 2 DM patients. Therefore, medical staff and healthcare providers should encourage patients to maintain an exercise duration ≥150 min per week for preventing and controlling DM progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise-Induced Changes in Immunology)
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10 pages, 550 KiB  
Case Report
Effects of High Intensity Plank Exercise on Physical Fitness and Immunocyte Function in a Middle-Aged Man: A Case Report
by Sang-Kyun Park, Ki-Soo Lee, Seung-Jae Heo and Yong-Seok Jee
Medicina 2021, 57(8), 845; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57080845 - 20 Aug 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4460
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Although the plank exercise is difficult to perform for untrained people, it does not require money, special equipment, or much space. However, it is not known how plank exercises affect physical fitness and immunocyte function. This study analyzed the [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Although the plank exercise is difficult to perform for untrained people, it does not require money, special equipment, or much space. However, it is not known how plank exercises affect physical fitness and immunocyte function. This study analyzed the changes in physical fitness and immune cells of a middle-aged man after performing 4 weeks of elbow plank exercise. Materials and Methods: Elbow plank exercise was performed for approximately 20 min (resting time, around 10 min) a day, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. The intensity was checked daily with ratings of perceived exertion (RPE). When the participant reached an intensity of RPE 15, RPE 16, and RPE 17 of the RPE 20 scale, 1 min of rest was given before repeating the process. Results: Compared with the pre-values, (1) all the physical fitness factors (muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, and cardiopulmonary fitness) were increased after 4 weeks; (2) body weight, skeletal muscle mass, and the basal metabolic rate were increased, whereas body fat mass and fat percentage were decreased; and (3) although the variables of complete blood count were changed positively, some were not. Specifically, CD3, CD8, and CD56 were increased, whereas CD4, CD4/CD8, and cytotoxicity were decreased. These results show that elbow plank exercise can improve all factors of physical fitness and improve some of the immunocyte functions of a middle-aged man. Conclusions: This study confirmed that, although the elbow plank exercise of vigorous intensity for 4 weeks improved physical fitness, it was not effective in improving some immunocyte functions. Therefore, the exercise intensity of plank exercises for improving immunocyte functions should be reconsidered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise-Induced Changes in Immunology)
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