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Metabolites
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Animal Nutritional Metabolism and Toxicosis Disease
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Animal Nutritional Metabolism and Toxicosis Disease

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 4502

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Meng-yao Guo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
Interests: high-fat food; mammals; fish; metabolic blocks; toxosis; treatment of disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The field of study of this Special Issue includes animals and fish. The main research content focuses on nutritional metabolic disorders, including dysregulation of autoregulation and foodborne overintake or underintake. Nutrients can be proteins, lipids, sugars, or trace elements, and there are new processes to regulate or supplement nutrients. At the same time, the focus of this publication is animal toxicosis-related research content, especially new environmental toxicants, with the aim of exploring the relevant pathogenic mechanism and harm to animals. At the same time, related animal nutritional metabolic diseases and toxicosis treatment measures or drugs are also in the scope of this Special Issue. We welcome research dedicated to dealing with the digestion, absorption, transport, and metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids, vitamins, minerals, organic acids, alkaloids, and drugs, as well as metabolomics, lipidomics, and the crosstalk between gastrointestinal microbiota and the host involved in nutritional and metabolic diseases in animals. This Special Issue is not only intended for results of studies about nutritional and metabolic diseases in domestic animals and in vitro models but is also open to results of studies from cell and animal models for human nutritional and metabolic diseases.

Dr. Meng-yao Guo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • high-fat food
  • mammals
  • fish
  • metabolic blocks
  • toxosis
  • treatment of disease

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

15 pages, 2835 KiB  
Article
Modulation of the Plasma Lipidomic Profile in Piglets Fed Polar Lipid-Rich Diets
by Rayllana Larsen, Salma Chakroun, Marie-Pierre Létourneau-Montminy, Janie Levesque, Dimas Estrasulas de Oliveira, Jorge Eduardo Rico and Daniel E. Rico
Metabolites 2024, 14(12), 673; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14120673 - 3 Dec 2024
Viewed by 639
Abstract
Background: Polar lipids from dairy are novel sources of energy that may replace other dietary lipids and impact plasma lipidomic profiles in piglets. This study evaluated the impact of feeding diets rich in polar lipids on the plasma lipidome of piglets during the [...] Read more.
Background: Polar lipids from dairy are novel sources of energy that may replace other dietary lipids and impact plasma lipidomic profiles in piglets. This study evaluated the impact of feeding diets rich in polar lipids on the plasma lipidome of piglets during the weaning period. Material and Methods: Weaned male piglets (n = 240; 21 days of age; 6.3 ± 0.5 kg of BW) were blocked by initial weight and distributed into 48 pens of five animals each in a complete randomized block design with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments as follows: a plant-based diet rich in neutral lipids from soybeans (24 pens; SD) or a polar lipid-rich diet by-product of cheese making (24 pens; PD) from weaning until the 21st day of the nursery phase. Within each diet group, animals received one of three milk replacers (MR; 0.5 L/d/animal) for the first 7 days after weaning: (1) commercial MR containing animal and coconut lipids (CO); (2) polar lipid-based MR (PO); or (3) soybean lipids-based MR (SO). Results: The PD diet group increased the plasma concentrations of sphingolipids, phospholipids, and cholesterol esters, but did not impact the concentrations of glycerolipids (GLs). Both the PO and CO milk replacers increased the plasma concentrations of ceramide, acyl-chain phosphatidyl choline, and cholesterol esters. The plasma concentrations of GLs containing 18-carbon fatty acids such as 18:0, 18:1, 18:2, and 18:3, were higher in SD, whereas GLs containing 16:0 and 20:3 were higher in PD. Conclusions: In summary, the diet lipid type significantly modulated the plasma lipid composition in piglets 7 days after weaning. The dietary inclusion of polar lipids in diets for growing pigs can modulate the plasma lipidomic profile, relative to plant-based diets rich in soybean lipids. Cost may be a major consideration when using these lipids in pig diets. Their health benefits need to be further characterized in other models of stress and inflammation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal Nutritional Metabolism and Toxicosis Disease)
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16 pages, 3187 KiB  
Article
Non-Targeted Metabolomics of White Rhinoceros Colostrum and Its Changes During Early Lactation by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
by Gernot Osthoff and Petronella Nieuwoudt
Metabolites 2024, 14(11), 637; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14110637 - 18 Nov 2024
Viewed by 621
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Dynamic changes in components from colostrum to mature milk occur in any mammal. However, the time it takes to reach the mature milk stage differs between taxa and species, as do the final concentrations of all the components. The white rhinoceros belongs [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Dynamic changes in components from colostrum to mature milk occur in any mammal. However, the time it takes to reach the mature milk stage differs between taxa and species, as do the final concentrations of all the components. The white rhinoceros belongs to the family Perissodactyla, of which the milk and milk metabolome of the domesticated Equidae have been studied to some detail. Metabolomic information on the colostrum and milk of the Rhinocerotidae is lacking. Methods: Colostrum and milk were obtained from seven white rhinoceroses. Of note is that it was their first parturition and all followed the same diet, two factors known to affect colostrum composition and its changes during early lactation in domesticated mammals. Milk serum was prepared by the ultrafiltration of the milk samples. Untargeted 1N NMR spectra were processed with Topspin 3.2, calibration was carried out according to the alanine signal and the identification of signals was carried out with Chenomx and assignments in the literature. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using MetaboAnalyst 6.0. Results: The changes in the metabolites were followed during the first 7 days of lactation as well as on day 20. The amounts of amino acids and their derivatives, organic acids and lipid metabolites decreased over lactation, while carbohydrates and their derivatives increased. The colostrum phase ended on day 2, while the transition to mature milk seemed to be complete by day 7. From day 3 to 7, galactose metabolism and tyrosine metabolism were uprated. Of interest is the presence of the oligosaccharide 3′-sialyllactose on days 3 and 4 of lactation. Conclusions: Mainly the content of carbohydrates increased over lactation, specifically lactose. The 3′-sialyllactose content peaked on days 3 and 4 of lactation. The colostrum phase ended on day 2. The mature milk stage was reached by day 7. The galactose metabolism and tyrosine metabolism were uprated after day 3 of lactation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal Nutritional Metabolism and Toxicosis Disease)
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17 pages, 7169 KiB  
Article
miR-21/SMAD2 Is Involved in the Decrease in Progesterone Synthesis Caused by Lipopolysaccharide Exposure in Follicular Granulosa Cells of Laying Goose
by Xinyi Guo, Shijia Ying, Huiping Xiao, Hao An, Rihong Guo, Zichun Dai and Wenda Wu
Metabolites 2024, 14(7), 362; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14070362 - 27 Jun 2024
Viewed by 967
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is one of the important pathogenic substances of E. coli and Salmonella, which causes injury to the reproductive system. Ovarian dysfunction due to Gram-negative bacterial infections is a major cause of reduced reproductive performance in geese. However, the specific molecular [...] Read more.
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is one of the important pathogenic substances of E. coli and Salmonella, which causes injury to the reproductive system. Ovarian dysfunction due to Gram-negative bacterial infections is a major cause of reduced reproductive performance in geese. However, the specific molecular mechanisms of LPS-induced impairment of sex steroid hormone synthesis have not been determined. The regulatory mechanism of miRNA has been proposed in many physiological and pathogenic mechanisms. Therefore, the role of miRNA in breeding geese exposed to LPS during the peak laying period was investigated. In this study, twenty Yangzhou geese at peak laying period were injected with LPS for 0 h, 24 h, and 36 h. The follicular granulosa layer was taken for RNA-seq and analyzed for differentially expressed miRNAs. It was observed that LPS changed the appearance of hierarchical follicles. miRNA sequencing analysis was applied, and miR-21 and SMAD2 (SMAD family member 2) were selected from 51 differentially expressed miRNAs through bioinformatics prediction. The results showed that miR-21 down-regulated SMAD2 expression and progesterone (P4) production in LPS-treated goose granulosa cells (GCs). It also determined that overexpression of miR-21 or silence of SMAD2 suppressed the sex steroid biosynthesis pathway by decreasing STAR and CYP11A1 expression. Down-regulation of miR-21 exacerbates the LPS-induced decline in P4 synthesis and vice versa. The findings indicated that miR-21 was involved in LPS regulation of P4 synthesis in goose granulosa cells by down-regulating SMAD2. This study provides theoretical support for the prevention of LPS-induced ovarian dysfunction in geese. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal Nutritional Metabolism and Toxicosis Disease)
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15 pages, 667 KiB  
Article
Effects of Increasing Glycerin Levels in Broiler Chickens
by Elaine de Assis Carvalho, Weslane Justina da Silva, Denise Russi Rodrigues, Ludmilla Faria dos Santos, Camila Ferreira Rezende, Flávio Medeiros Vieites, Fabiana Ramos dos Santos, Fabiano Guimarães Silva and Cibele Silva Minafra
Metabolites 2024, 14(6), 308; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14060308 - 28 May 2024
Viewed by 1053
Abstract
Glycerin contributes to the animal’s energy metabolism as an important structural component of triglycerides and phospholipids. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of replacing corn with 0, 5, 10, and 15% of glycerin in terms of performance, digestibility, carcass [...] Read more.
Glycerin contributes to the animal’s energy metabolism as an important structural component of triglycerides and phospholipids. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of replacing corn with 0, 5, 10, and 15% of glycerin in terms of performance, digestibility, carcass yield, relative weights of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) organs, and nutrient metabolism. Four hundred chickens (40.0 g ± 0.05 g) were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replicates. Growth parameters were measured at 7, 14, 21, and 42 days. Digestibility of crude protein and fat, carcass yield, relative weights of GIT organs, and biochemical blood profile were measured. The results were subject to an analysis of variance by Tukey’s HSD test (p > 0.05). The inclusion of 5%, 10%, or 15% of glycerin did not influence performance or affect the crude protein and fat digestibility in broilers (p > 0.05) when compared to that of the basal (0%) diet. Similarly, the supplementation of glycerin levels showed no significant influence (p > 0.05) on the relative GIT organ weights, carcass yield, or nutrient metabolism. Thus, we concluded that glycerin may be included in the broilers’ diets in rations of up to 15%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal Nutritional Metabolism and Toxicosis Disease)
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Review

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27 pages, 4355 KiB  
Review
Unraveling Ruminant Feed Efficiency Through Metabolomics: A Systematic Review
by Alanne T. Nunes, Camila A. Faleiros, Mirele D. Poleti, Francisco J. Novais, Yamilé López-Hernández, Rupasri Mandal, David S. Wishart and Heidge Fukumasu
Metabolites 2024, 14(12), 675; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14120675 - 3 Dec 2024
Viewed by 696
Abstract
Background: Advancements in metabolomic technologies have revolutionized our understanding of feed efficiency (FE) in livestock, offering new pathways to enhance both profitability and sustainability in ruminant production. Methods: This review offers a critical and systematic evaluation of the metabolomics methods used to measure [...] Read more.
Background: Advancements in metabolomic technologies have revolutionized our understanding of feed efficiency (FE) in livestock, offering new pathways to enhance both profitability and sustainability in ruminant production. Methods: This review offers a critical and systematic evaluation of the metabolomics methods used to measure and assess FE in ruminants. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, covering publications from 1971 to 2023. This review synthesizes findings from 71 studies that applied metabolomic approaches to uncover the biological mechanisms driving interindividual variations in FE across cattle, sheep, goats, and buffaloes. Results: Most studies focused on cattle and employed targeted metabolomics to identify key biomarkers, including amino acids, fatty acids, and other metabolites linked to critical pathways such as energy metabolism, nitrogen utilization, and muscle development. Despite promising insights, challenges remain, including small sample sizes, methodological inconsistencies, and a lack of validation studies, particularly for non-cattle species. Conclusions: By leveraging state-of-the-art metabolomic methods, this review highlights the potential of metabolomics to provide cost-effective, non-invasive molecular markers for FE evaluation, paving the way for more efficient and sustainable livestock management. Future research should prioritize larger, species-specific studies with standardized methods to validate identified biomarkers and enhance practical applications in livestock production systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal Nutritional Metabolism and Toxicosis Disease)
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