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Advances in Powder Metallurgy of Light Alloys
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Advances in Powder Metallurgy of Light Alloys

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Powder Metallurgy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 4892

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Khashayar Khanlari

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Département de Génie Chimique et de Génie Biotechnologique, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l’Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
Interests: powder metallurgy; tribology; additive manufacturing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

To address the needs of the market in different areas, such as the aerospace and car manufacturing industries, it is very important and essential to be able to develop and also process various lightweight alloys and materials (e.g., Al alloys, Ti alloys, etc.). In this regard, powder metallurgy processes play a special role. The fabrication of powders using different metallurgical techniques is an area of considerable interest. Another area of interest is utilizing powder metallurgy, which could be considered a green technology, to manufacture the needed parts. These processes (e.g., press and sintering, cold isostatic pressing, hot isostatic pressing, etc.) have some advantages as compared to conventional techniques, making them attractive in the current market circumstances. The potential to make net-shape parts, reducing material loss, is one of these major advantages. The aim of this Special Issue is to advance our knowledge of the wide range of powder metallurgy routes and processes that could lead to the production of lightweight powders as well as engineering parts. The research studies for publication in this Special Issue can target different aspects of the topic, such as powder production, material development, part production, their processing routes, obtained microstructural characteristics, and chemical and mechanical properties.

Dr. Khashayar Khanlari
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lightweight alloys
  • powder metallurgy
  • processing
  • microstructure
  • properties

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 7142 KiB  
Article
Growth of Surface Oxide Layers on Dendritic Cu Particles by Wet Treatment and Enhancement of Sinter-Bondability by Using Cu Paste Containing the Particles
by Horyun Kim and Jong-Hyun Lee
Metals 2024, 14(11), 1254; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14111254 - 5 Nov 2024
Viewed by 429
Abstract
Pastes were prepared using dendritic Cu particles as fillers, and a compression die attachment process was implemented to establish a pure Cu joint using low-cost materials and high-speed sinter bonding. We aimed to grow an oxidation layer on the particle surface to improve [...] Read more.
Pastes were prepared using dendritic Cu particles as fillers, and a compression die attachment process was implemented to establish a pure Cu joint using low-cost materials and high-speed sinter bonding. We aimed to grow an oxidation layer on the particle surface to improve sinter-bondability. Because the growth of the oxidation layer by general thermal oxidation methods makes it difficult to use as a filler owing to agglomeration between particles, we induced oxidation growth by wet surface treatment. Consequently, when the oxidation layer was appropriately grown by surface treatment using an acetic acid–ethanol solution, we obtained an improved joint strength, approximately 2.8 times higher than the existing excellent result based on a bonding time of 10 s. The joint formed in just 10 s at 300 °C in the air under 10 MPa compression showed a shear strength of 28.4 MPa. When the bonding time was increased to 60 s, the joint exhibited a higher strength (35.1 MPa) and a very dense microstructure without voids. These results were attributed to the acceleration of sintering by the in situ formation of more Cu nanoparticles, which effectively reduced the increased oxide layers in the particles using a reducing solvent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Powder Metallurgy of Light Alloys)
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14 pages, 8013 KiB  
Article
Microstructure and Pore Characteristics of a Double-Layered Pore Structure Powder Filter Fabricated by the WPS Process
by Min-Jeong Lee, Hyeon-Ju Kim, Du-Hong Kang, Jung Woo Lee and Jung-Yeul Yun
Metals 2024, 14(6), 665; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14060665 - 4 Jun 2024
Viewed by 661
Abstract
In order to supply high-purity process gas in the semiconductor manufacturing process, a gas filter is used to remove particles that may be contained in the gas. However, because the gas filters currently in use have simple pore structures, there is a need [...] Read more.
In order to supply high-purity process gas in the semiconductor manufacturing process, a gas filter is used to remove particles that may be contained in the gas. However, because the gas filters currently in use have simple pore structures, there is a need to increase filtration efficiency through the development of filters with complex pore structures. In this study, a metal powder filter with double-layered pores was manufactured using a Wet Powder Spraying process (WPS) to increase the filtering efficiency of gas filters used in semiconductor manufacturing. The effects of the mixing ratio of spherical-shape and flake-shape powders and the rolling process on the filter’s characteristics were investigated. The filter’s performance, microstructure, and surface roughness were evaluated by measuring porosity and gas permeability. The results showed that as the ratio of flake-shaped powder decreased, the thickness of the coating layer and the porosity of the filter decreased. Additionally, it was observed that as the rolling process progressed, the non-uniform pore structure was oriented parallel to the cross-section of the filter regardless of the mixing ratio. Measurements found that the gas permeability of the uncoated filter support was the highest, and that gas permeability decreased as the proportion of spherical powder increased regardless of the average particle size of the mixed powder. Lower gas permeability was observed in rolled samples. A filtration efficiency of LRV 3 or higher was confirmed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Powder Metallurgy of Light Alloys)
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16 pages, 13205 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Powder Metallurgy Ti-48Al Alloy
by Mengjie Yan, Hongtao Zhang, Fang Yang, Yunwei Gui, Zhijie Han and Huadong Fu
Metals 2024, 14(6), 661; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14060661 - 1 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1337
Abstract
Heat treatment is the critical step in achieving a refined microstructure and enhanced mechanical properties of TiAl-based alloys. This study investigated the influence of heat treatment temperature, cooling method, and heat treatment time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of an extruded powder [...] Read more.
Heat treatment is the critical step in achieving a refined microstructure and enhanced mechanical properties of TiAl-based alloys. This study investigated the influence of heat treatment temperature, cooling method, and heat treatment time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of an extruded powder metallurgy Ti-48Al alloy, and achieved the control of fully lamellar fine microstructures and the enhancement of performance through a simple heat treatment, rather than the traditional approach of homogenization followed by heat treatment. The results indicate that the heat treatment temperature determines the type of microstructure, while the cooling rate dictates the lamellar width. As the heat treatment temperature was increased from the two-phase region to the α single-phase region, the microstructure transitioned from duplex to near lamellar, and the alloy strength initially increased and then decreased, influenced by both the lamellar colony ratio and grain size. A rapid cooling rate (water quenching) induces a non-diffusive massive phase transformation, whereas a slow cooling rate (air cooling) gradually forms α2/γ lamellar colonies. Therefore, a suitable heat treatment regime for the powder metallurgy Ti-48Al alloy was determined to be 1340 °C/5 min/air cooling. The microstructure of the alloy was near lamellar, consisting of lamellar colonies approximately 50 μm and a small number of γ equiaxed grains of about 10 μm. Subsequently, the alloy exhibited a room temperature tensile strength of 784 MPa and a yield strength of 763 MPa, representing improvements of 17.0% and 38.7% over the extruded alloy, respectively. This research provides a reference for establishing a heat treatment process for powder metallurgy TiAl alloys. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Powder Metallurgy of Light Alloys)
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18 pages, 6522 KiB  
Article
Cytotoxicity, Corrosion Resistance, and Wettability of Titanium and Ti-TiB2 Composite Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy for Dental Implants
by Ali Mohammad Ali Aljafery, Abdalbseet A. Fatalla and Julfikar Haider
Metals 2024, 14(5), 538; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14050538 - 1 May 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1794
Abstract
Objectives: Orthopedics and dentistry have widely utilized titanium alloys as biomaterials for dental implants, but limited research has been conducted on the fabrication of ceramic particle-reinforced Ti composites for further weight reductions. The current study compared titanium–titanium diboride metal composites (Ti-TiB2 [...] Read more.
Objectives: Orthopedics and dentistry have widely utilized titanium alloys as biomaterials for dental implants, but limited research has been conducted on the fabrication of ceramic particle-reinforced Ti composites for further weight reductions. The current study compared titanium–titanium diboride metal composites (Ti-TiB2) with pure titanium (processed by powder metallurgy) in terms of toxicity, corrosion resistance, and wettability. Methods: First, cell lines of a primary dermal fibroblast normal human adult (HDFa) were used to test the cytocompatibility (in vitro) of the composite and pure Ti using an indirect contact approach. Corrosion testing was performed for the materials using electrochemical techniques such as potentiodynamic polarization in a simulated bodily fluid (SBF) in conjunction with a three-electrode electrochemical cell. The entire set of experimental tests was conducted according to the ASTM F746-04 protocol. The contact angles were measured during wettability testing in accordance with ASTM D7334-08. An X-ray diffractometer (XRD) was used to catalog every phase that was visible in the microstructure. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to determine the chemical composition. Results: The cytotoxicity tests revealed that there was no detectable level of toxicity, and there was no significant difference in the impact of either of the two materials on the viability of human fibroblasts. An increase in the corrosion resistance of the composite (0.036 ± 0.0001 mpy (millimeters per year)) demonstrated the development of a passive oxide coating. According to the findings, the composites showed a greater degree of hydrophilicity (contact angle 44.29° ± 0.28) than did the pure titanium (56.31° ± 0.47). Conclusions/Significance: The Ti-TiB2 composite showed no toxicity and better corrosion resistance and wettability than did pure Ti. The composite could be a suitable alternative to Ti for applications involving dental implants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Powder Metallurgy of Light Alloys)
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