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Micromachines
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Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Sensors and Artificial Intelligence
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Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Sensors and Artificial Intelligence

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "D：Materials and Processing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 May 2022) | Viewed by 8225

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Pukar Maharjan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Electronics and Information, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
Interests: energy harvesting; self-powered sensors; wearable electronics; triboelectric nanogenerators; bioelectronics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Puran Pandey

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
Interests: nanomaterials; SERS; sensors; energy harvesting
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the rapid growth in portable electronics and sensors for human health care, human–machine interfaces, industries, smart home applications, etc., the power requirements become a challenge. Furthermore, the procedure of replacing/recharging the batteries used to power those sensors becomes more challenging in remote locations, industrial areas, and residential areas as well. In the last few years, triboelectric-nanogenerator-based self-powered sensors have been a trending topic of research in energy and sensors. These triboelectric self-powered sensors can generate an electrical signal from mechanical vibrations, human kinematics, air/gas flow, water motion, etc., and simultaneously work as energy devices as well as sensors. Additionally, these self-powered sensors are being explored in machine learning and intelligence research where these self-powered sensors can support sustainable life. This Special Issue welcomes all papers (original research papers and reviews) that deal with self-powered sensors including but not limited to physical, chemical, and biosensors based on triboelectric nanogenerators along with artificial intelligence.

Dr. Pukar Maharjan
Dr. Puran Pandey
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • self-powered sensors
  • triboelectric
  • energy harvesting
  • artificial intelligence
  • nanogenerator
  • physical sensors
  • biosensors
  • chemical sensors
  • nanomaterials
  • smart healthcare devices
  • machine learning

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 5660 KiB  
Article
A Wind-Driven Rotating Micro-Hybrid Nanogenerator for Powering Environmental Monitoring Devices
by Yongqiang Zhu, Yu Zhao, Lijun Hou and Pingxia Zhang
Micromachines 2022, 13(12), 2053; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13122053 - 23 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1474
Abstract
In recent years, environmental problems caused by natural disasters due to global warming have seriously affected human production and life. Fortunately, with the rapid rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology and the decreasing power consumption of microelectronic devices, it is possible [...] Read more.
In recent years, environmental problems caused by natural disasters due to global warming have seriously affected human production and life. Fortunately, with the rapid rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology and the decreasing power consumption of microelectronic devices, it is possible to set up a multi-node environmental monitoring system. However, regular replacement of conventional chemical batteries for the huge number of microelectronic devices still faces great challenges, especially in remote areas. In this study, we developed a rotating hybrid nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting. Using the output characteristics of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with low frequency and high voltage and electromagnetic generator (EMG) with high frequency and high current, we are able to effectively broaden the output voltage range while shortening the capacitor voltage rising time, thus obtaining energy harvesting at wide frequency wind speed. The TENG adopts the flexible contact method of arch-shaped film to solve the problem of insufficient flexible contact and the short service life of the rotating triboelectric generator. After 80,000 cycles of TENG operation, the maximum output voltage drops by 7.9%, which can maintain a good and stable output. Through experimental tests, the maximum output power of this triboelectric nanogenerator is 0.55 mW at 400 rpm (wind speed of about 8.3 m/s) and TENG part at an external load of 5 MΩ. The maximum output power of the EMG part is 15.5 mW at an external load of 360 Ω. The hybrid nanogenerator can continuously supply power to the anemometer after running for 9 s and 35 s under the simulated wind speed of 8.3 m/s and natural wind speed of 5.6 m/s, respectively. It provides a reference value for solving the power supply problem of low-power environmental monitoring equipment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Sensors and Artificial Intelligence)
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19 pages, 7596 KiB  
Article
Effects of Group-I Elements on Output Voltage Generation of ZnO Nanowires Based Nanogenerator; Degradation of Screening Effects by Oxidation of Nanowires
by Mansoor Ahmad, M. K. Ahmad, M. H. Mamat, A. Mohamed, A. B. Suriani, N. M. A. N. Ismail, C. F. Soon and N. Nafarizal
Micromachines 2022, 13(9), 1450; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13091450 - 1 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1516
Abstract
Here, we report the successful incorporation of group I elements (K, Na, Li) to ZnO nanowires. Three distinct (2, 4, and 6 wt.%) doping concentrations of group I elements have been used to generate high piezoelectric voltage by employing a vertically integrated nanowire [...] Read more.
Here, we report the successful incorporation of group I elements (K, Na, Li) to ZnO nanowires. Three distinct (2, 4, and 6 wt.%) doping concentrations of group I elements have been used to generate high piezoelectric voltage by employing a vertically integrated nanowire generator (VING) structure. X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) indicated the seepage of dopants in ZnO nanowires by substitution of Zn. Shallow acceptor levels (LiZn, NaZn, KZn) worked as electron trapping centers for intrinsically n-type ZnO nanowires. Free moving electrons caused a leakage current through the nanowires and depleted their piezoelectric potential. Reverse leakage current is a negative factor for piezoelectric nanogenerators. A reduction in reverse leakage current signifies the rise in output voltage. A gradual rise in output voltage has been witnessed which was in accordance with various doping concentrations. K-doped ZnO nanowires have generated voltages of 0.85 V, 1.48 V, and 1.95 V. For Na-doped ZnO nanowires, the voltages were 1.23 V, 1.73 V, and 2.34 V and the voltages yeilded for Li-doped ZnO nanowires were 1.87 V, 2.63 V, and 3.54 V, respectively. Maximum voltage range has been further enhanced by the surface enrichment (oxidized with O2 molecules) of ZnO nanowires. Technique has been opted to mitigate the screening effect during an external stress. After 5 h of oxidation in a sealed chamber at 100 ppm, maximum voltage peaks were pronounced to 2.48 V, 3.19 V, and 4.57 V for K, Na, and Li, respectively. A low-cost, high performance mechanical transducer is proposed for self-powered devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Sensors and Artificial Intelligence)
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12 pages, 2237 KiB  
Article
Electrospun Nanofiber Covered Polystyrene Micro-Nano Hybrid Structures for Triboelectric Nanogenerator and Supercapacitor
by Jihyeon Park, Seungju Jo, Youngsu Kim, Shakir Zaman and Daewon Kim
Micromachines 2022, 13(3), 380; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13030380 - 26 Feb 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4507
Abstract
Recently, tremendous research on small energy supply devices is gaining popularity with the immerging Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. Especially, energy conversion and storage devices can provide opportunities for small electronics. In this research, a micro-nano structured design of electrodes is newly developed [...] Read more.
Recently, tremendous research on small energy supply devices is gaining popularity with the immerging Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. Especially, energy conversion and storage devices can provide opportunities for small electronics. In this research, a micro-nano structured design of electrodes is newly developed for high performing hybrid energy systems with the improved effective surface area. Further, it could be simply fabricated through two-steps synthesis of electrospinning and glass transition of a novel polystyrene (PS) substrate. Herein, the electro-spun nanofiber of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and Nylon 66 (Nylon) are applied to the dielectric layer of a triboelectric generator (TENG), while the PAN and polyaniline (PANI) composites is utilized as an electroactive material of supercapacitor (SC). As a result, the self-charging power system is successfully integrated with the wrinkled PAN/PS (W-PAN/PS@PANI)-SC and W-TENG by using a rectifier. According to the fabricated hybrid energy systems, the electrical energy produced by W-TENG can be successfully stored into as-fabricated W-PAN/PS@PANI-SC and can also turn on a commercial green LED with the stored energy. Therefore, the micro-nano structured electrode designed for hybrid energy systems can contribute to improve the energy conversion and storage performance of various electronic devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Sensors and Artificial Intelligence)
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