Contemporary Perspectives on Bacterial Virulence Factors

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology and Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 678

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
Interests: bacterial virulence

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Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
Interests: pathogen; host–microbe interactions; medical microbiology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bacterial pathogens are classified using a variety of criteria, with one of them being their capacity to produce virulence factors (VFs) that enable them to cause damage to a mammalian host. VFs are classified according to their capacity to colonize specific body sites, resist phagocytic killing, induce an aberrant immune response, or incapacitate eukaryotic cells through cytolytic and enzymatic mechanisms. Just as original microbe hunters characterized the causative agents of infectious diseases using Koch’s postulates as guideposts, modern microbiologists have endeavored to define the criteria used to characterize a bacterial VF. Sequence homologies and in vitro methodologies to characterize the factor’s mechanism of action are currently used to identify new VFs. We suggest that VF characterization has become subject to reasoning errors and encourage considering the ecological view of their origins to overcome anthropocentric bias. In this Special Issue, we will initiate a conversation by first challenging VF characterization using examples of two well-studied bacterial pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Subsequent articles will provide arguments supporting state-of-the-art processes for VF designation and characterization.

Dr. Matthew Jackson
Dr. Kevin Theis
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • bacterial pathogens
  • virulence factors
  • immune response
  • staphylococcus aureus
  • pseudomonas aeruginosa

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

16 pages, 320 KiB  
Review
The Epistemology of Bacterial Virulence Factor Characterization
by Matthew Jackson, Susan Vineberg and Kevin R. Theis
Microorganisms 2024, 12(7), 1272; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12071272 - 22 Jun 2024
Viewed by 564
Abstract
The field of microbial pathogenesis seeks to identify the agents and mechanisms responsible for disease causation. Since Robert Koch introduced postulates that were used to guide the characterization of microbial pathogens, technological advances have substantially increased the capacity to rapidly identify a causative [...] Read more.
The field of microbial pathogenesis seeks to identify the agents and mechanisms responsible for disease causation. Since Robert Koch introduced postulates that were used to guide the characterization of microbial pathogens, technological advances have substantially increased the capacity to rapidly identify a causative infectious agent. Research efforts currently focus on causation at the molecular level with a search for virulence factors (VFs) that contribute to different stages of the infectious process. We note that the quest to identify and characterize VFs sometimes lacks scientific rigor, and this suggests a need to examine the epistemology of VF characterization. We took this premise as an opportunity to explore the epistemology of VF characterization. In this perspective, we discuss how the characterization of various gene products that evolved to facilitate bacterial survival in the broader environment have potentially been prematurely mischaracterized as VFs that contribute to pathogenesis in the context of human biology. Examples of the reasoning that can affect misinterpretation, or at least a premature assignment of mechanistic causation, are provided. Our aim is to refine the categorization of VFs by emphasizing a broader biological view of their origin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Perspectives on Bacterial Virulence Factors)
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