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Nanomaterials
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The Research Related to Nanomaterial Cold Cathode II
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The Research Related to Nanomaterial Cold Cathode II

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanoelectronics, Nanosensors and Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2024) | Viewed by 3789

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jun Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Interests: nanomaterial cold cathode; cold cathode X-ray source; optoelectronic detector
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanomaterial cold cathodes have potential applications in various vacuum microelectronic devices, including in microwave tubes, X-ray sources, detectors, and energy conversion devices. This Special Issue aims to encourage researchers to submit reviews or original articles related to research into field emissions from 1D or 2D nanomaterials and their applications as cold cathode in devices. The scope of this Special Issue includes: 1) the preparation of 1D and 2D nanomaterials for field emission cold cathode application; 2) the field electron emission properties of nanomaterials; 3) the theory of field electron emissions from nanomaterials; 4) the application of nanomaterials as cold cathodes in vacuum nanoelectronic or optoelectronic devices.

Prof. Dr. Jun Chen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • cold cathode
  • field emission
  • one-dimensional nanomaterials
  • nanowires
  • carbon nanotubes
  • 2D materials
  • graphene
  • vacuum nanoelectronic devices

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 8986 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Field Emission and Low-Pressure Hydrogen Sensing Properties from Al–N-Co-Doped ZnO Nanorods
by Youqing Tu, Weijin Qian, Mingliang Dong, Guitao Chen, Youlong Quan, Weijun Huang and Changkun Dong
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(10), 863; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14100863 - 16 May 2024
Viewed by 786
Abstract
ZnO nanostructures show great potential in hydrogen sensing at atmospheric conditions for good gas adsorption abilities. However, there is less research on low-pressure hydrogen sensing performance due to its low concentration and in-homogeneous distributions under low-pressure environments. Here, we report the low-pressure hydrogen [...] Read more.
ZnO nanostructures show great potential in hydrogen sensing at atmospheric conditions for good gas adsorption abilities. However, there is less research on low-pressure hydrogen sensing performance due to its low concentration and in-homogeneous distributions under low-pressure environments. Here, we report the low-pressure hydrogen sensing by the construction of Al–N-co-doped ZnO nanorods based on the adsorption-induced field emission enhancement effect in the pressure range of 10−7 to 10−3 Pa. The investigation indicates that the Al–N-co-doped ZnO sample is the most sensitive to low-pressure hydrogen sensing among all ZnO samples, with the highest sensing current increase of 140% for 5 min emission. In addition, the increased amplitude of sensing current for the Al–N-co-doped ZnO sample could reach 75% at the pressure 7 × 10−3 Pa for 1 min emission. This work not only expands the hydrogen sensing applications to the co-doped ZnO nanomaterials, but also provides a promising approach to develop field emission cathodes with strong low-pressure hydrogen sensing effect. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Research Related to Nanomaterial Cold Cathode II)
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15 pages, 2682 KiB  
Article
Field Emission from Carbon Nanotubes on Titanium Nitride-Coated Planar and 3D-Printed Substrates
by Stefanie Haugg, Luis-Felipe Mochalski, Carina Hedrich, Isabel González Díaz-Palacio, Kristian Deneke, Robert Zierold and Robert H. Blick
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(9), 781; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14090781 - 30 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1106
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are well known for their outstanding field emission (FE) performance, facilitated by their unique combination of electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. However, if the substrate of choice is a poor conductor, the electron supply towards the CNTs can be limited, [...] Read more.
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are well known for their outstanding field emission (FE) performance, facilitated by their unique combination of electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. However, if the substrate of choice is a poor conductor, the electron supply towards the CNTs can be limited, restricting the FE current. Furthermore, ineffective heat dissipation can lead to emitter–substrate bond degradation, shortening the field emitters’ lifetime. Herein, temperature-stable titanium nitride (TiN) was deposited by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) on different substrate types prior to the CNT growth. A turn-on field reduction of up to 59% was found for the emitters that were generated on TiN-coated bulk substrates instead of on pristine ones. This observation was attributed exclusively to the TiN layer as no significant change in the emitter morphology could be identified. The fabrication route and, consequently, improved FE properties were transferred from bulk substrates to free-standing, electrically insulating nanomembranes. Moreover, 3D-printed, polymeric microstructures were overcoated by atomic layer deposition (ALD) employing its high conformality. The results of our approach by combining ALD with CNT growth could assist the future fabrication of highly efficient field emitters on 3D scaffold structures regardless of the substrate material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Research Related to Nanomaterial Cold Cathode II)
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Review

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28 pages, 6617 KiB  
Review
Cold Cathodes with Two-Dimensional van der Waals Materials
by Yicong Chen, Jun Chen and Zhibing Li
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(17), 2437; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13172437 - 28 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1324
Abstract
Two-dimensional van der Waals materials could be used as electron emitters alone or stacked in a heterostructure. Many significant phenomena of two-dimensional van der Waals field emitters have been observed and predicted since the landmark discovery of graphene. Due to the wide variety [...] Read more.
Two-dimensional van der Waals materials could be used as electron emitters alone or stacked in a heterostructure. Many significant phenomena of two-dimensional van der Waals field emitters have been observed and predicted since the landmark discovery of graphene. Due to the wide variety of heterostructures that integrate an atomic monolayer or multilayers with insulator nanofilms or metallic cathodes by van der Waals force, the diversity of van der Waals materials is large to be chosen from, which are appealing for further investigation. Until now, increasing the efficiency, stability, and uniformity in electron emission of cold cathodes with two-dimensional materials is still of interest in research. Some novel behaviors in electron emission, such as coherence and directionality, have been revealed by the theoretical study down to the atomic scale and could lead to innovative applications. Although intensive emission in the direction normal to two-dimensional emitters has been observed in experiments, the theoretical mechanism is still incomplete. In this paper, we will review some late progresses related to the cold cathodes with two-dimensional van der Waals materials, both in experiments and in the theoretical study, emphasizing the phenomena which are absent in the conventional cold cathodes. The review will cover the fabrication of several kinds of emitter structures for field emission applications, the state of the art of their field emission properties and the existing field emission model. In the end, some perspectives on their future research trend will also be given. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Research Related to Nanomaterial Cold Cathode II)
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