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Nutritional Recommendations of Gestational Diabetes – What Should I Eat?

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
Interests: gestational diabetes; pregnancy diabetes mellitus; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; nutritional education; blood glucose; dietary carbohydrates

Dr. Sangeetha Shyam

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, School of Medicine, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
Interests: nutrition; metabolic diseases; diabetes; insulin resistance; metabolism; lipid metabolism; nutritional and metabolic diseases; glucose metabolism; nutritional education; human nutrition

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Optimising the nutritional status of women before and during pregnancy is of the utmost importance to ensure maternal and fetal health. This becomes more critical in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Women with GDM strive to support optimal fetal development while maintaining normoglycemia. Hyperglycemia during pregnancy is associated with poorer short- and long-term health outcomes for both the mother and her offspring. Therefore, nutrition is understood to play a key role in GDM management. Despite accruing evidence in the area, gaps persist in translating observational evidence to effective nutrition therapy. Thus, this Special Issue aims to synthesize evidence to aid in updating nutritional recommendations for effective GDM prevention and management. The scope of this Special Issue is to further our understanding of the nutritional risk factors, dietary patterns, and eating behaviours that are associated with the incidence of GDM and its management during pregnancy and beyond. This Special Issue also welcomes insights from emerging topics of nutritional interest such as nutrigenomics, personalised nutrition, chrono nutrition, and the use of digital nutrition or dietetics in relation to GDM. We invite researchers to submit their original articles to this Special Issue.

Dr. Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof
Dr. Sangeetha Shyam
Guest Editors

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Keywords

gestational diabetes
hyperglycemia in pregnancy
nutrition
diet
glycemic index

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 944 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Dietary Patterns Associated with Abnormal Glucose Tolerance following Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The MyNutritype Study

by Farah Yasmin Hasbullah, Barakatun-Nisak Mohd Yusof, Sangeetha Shyam, Rohana Abdul Ghani and Hannah Izzati Mohamed Khir

Nutrients 2023, 15(12), 2819; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15122819 - 20 Jun 2023

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Abstract

Abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT), which includes type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes, is highly prevalent in women post gestational diabetes mellitus (post-GDM). Dietary patterns have been associated with the risk of developing AGT in women post-GDM, but evidence in Asian populations is sparse. This study aimed to determine the association between a posteriori dietary patterns and AGT in women post-GDM. This cross-sectional study recruited 157 women post-GDM (mean age 34.8 years) from Seri Kembangan Health Clinic and Universiti Putra Malaysia. AGT was diagnosed according to the Malaysian Clinical Practice Guidelines using a 75 g 2 h oral glucose tolerance test or HbA1c. Food intake was assessed using the 2014 Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey food frequency questionnaire. Five dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis: ‘Unhealthy’, ‘Fish-eggs-fruits-vegetables’, ‘Cereals-confectionaries’, ‘Legumes-dairy’, and ‘Meat-sugar-sweetened-beverages’. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and total energy intake, the ‘Cereals-confectionaries’ dietary pattern was significantly associated with AGT (adjusted odds ratio 1.536, p = 0.049). Targeted lifestyle modification, including dietary intervention, for women post-GDM is warranted to reduce their risk of AGT and its complications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Recommendations of Gestational Diabetes – What Should I Eat?)

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16 pages, 2900 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Myoinositols Prevent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Related Complications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

by Dorina Greff, Szilárd Váncsa, Alex Váradi, Julia Szinte, Sunjune Park, Péter Hegyi, Péter Nyirády, Nándor Ács, Eszter Mária Horváth and Szabolcs Várbíró

Nutrients 2023, 15(19), 4224; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15194224 - 30 Sep 2023

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Abstract

Although gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has several short- and long-term adverse effects on the mother and the offspring, no medicine is generally prescribed to prevent GDM. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effect of inositol supplementation in preventing GDM and related outcomes. Systematic search was performed in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and Embase until 13 September 2023. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) compared the efficacy of inositols to placebo in pregnant women at high risk for GDM. Our primary outcome was the incidence of GDM, whereas secondary outcomes were oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and maternal and fetal complications. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021284939). Eight eligible RCTs were identified, including the data of 1795 patients. The incidence of GDM was halved by inositols compared to placebo (RR = 0.42, CI: 0.26–0.67). Fasting, 1-h, and 2-h OGTT glucose levels were significantly decreased by inositols. The stereoisomer myoinositol also reduced the risk of insulin need (RR = 0.29, CI: 0.13–0.68), preeclampsia or gestational hypertension (RR = 0.38, CI: 0.2–0.71), preterm birth (RR = 0.44, CI: 0.22–0.88), and neonatal hypoglycemia (RR = 0.12, CI: 0.03–0.55). Myoinositol decrease the incidence of GDM in pregnancies high-risk for GDM. Moreover, myoinositol supplementation reduces the risk of insulin need, preeclampsia or gestational hypertension, preterm birth, and neonatal hypoglycemia. Based on the present study 2–4 g myoinositol canbe suggested from the first trimester to prevent GDM and related outcomes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Recommendations of Gestational Diabetes – What Should I Eat?)

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