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Nutrients
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Dietary Intake and Asthma Control
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Dietary Intake and Asthma Control

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2021) | Viewed by 17423

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Linette E.M. Willemsen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
Interests: nutritional immunology; bioactive nutrients; n-3 LCPUFA; non-digestible oligosaccharides; food allergy; asthma

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I would like to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue of Nutrients, addressing the topic ‘Dietary Intake and Asthma Control’. Globally, 300 million people suffer from asthma and the prevalence is increasing worldwide, making asthma the most common chronic disease. Among the risk factors for asthma are air pollution, obesity, a sedentary lifestyle and a poor diet. A decreased intake of fresh fruit, vegetables and fibers, and an increased intake of processed high-fat foods (fast food and the Western diet) is positively associated with asthma development and links to alterations in microbial composition. Depending on the asthma phenotype and severity, the dosing and efficacy of asthma reliever and controller drugs differs. These medical treatment options do not modify the cause of the disease and they need to be taken chronically. This Special Issue of Nutrients aims to collect an overview of the current body of evidence regarding dietary components that are indicated to help against asthma development and/or alleviate symptoms, hence contributing to asthma control. The goal is to identify the gaps in the knowledge and to point out the most relevant nutrients or diets to be further studied for their full potential for asthma protection in future clinical trials.

Dr. Linette E.M. Willemsen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • asthma
  • obesity
  • fatty acids
  • fiber
  • micronutrients
  • Mediterranean diet
  • plant-based diet
  • Western diet
  • microbiome
  • epigenetics

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Review

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32 pages, 1726 KiB  
Review
Dietary Fibers: Effects, Underlying Mechanisms and Possible Role in Allergic Asthma Management
by Roos E. M. Verstegen, Atanaska I. Kostadinova, Zenebech Merenciana, Johan Garssen, Gert Folkerts, Rudi W. Hendriks and Linette E. M. Willemsen
Nutrients 2021, 13(11), 4153; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13114153 - 19 Nov 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 6078
Abstract
The prevalence of asthma is increasing, but the cause remains under debate. Research currently focuses on environmental and dietary factors that may impact the gut-lung axis. Dietary fibers are considered to play a crucial role in supporting diversity and activity of the microbiome, [...] Read more.
The prevalence of asthma is increasing, but the cause remains under debate. Research currently focuses on environmental and dietary factors that may impact the gut-lung axis. Dietary fibers are considered to play a crucial role in supporting diversity and activity of the microbiome, as well as immune homeostasis in the gut and lung. This review discusses the current state of knowledge on how dietary fibers and their bacterial fermentation products may affect the pathophysiology of allergic asthma. Moreover, the impact of dietary fibers on early type 2 asthma management, as shown in both pre-clinical and clinical studies, is described. Short-chain fatty acids, fiber metabolites, modulate host immunity and might reduce the risk of allergic asthma development. Underlying mechanisms include G protein-coupled receptor activation and histone deacetylase inhibition. These results are supported by studies in mice, children and adults with allergic asthma. Fibers might also exert direct effects on the immune system via yet to be elucidated mechanisms. However, the effects of specific types of fiber, dosages, duration of treatment, and combination with probiotics, need to be explored. There is an urgent need to further valorize the potential of specific dietary fibers in prevention and treatment of allergic asthma by conducting more large-scale dietary intervention trials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Asthma Control)
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20 pages, 429 KiB  
Review
Mineral Micronutrients in Asthma
by Dominika Zajac
Nutrients 2021, 13(11), 4001; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13114001 - 10 Nov 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4407
Abstract
Asthma represents one of the most common medical issues in the modern world. It is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the airways and disturbances in redox status, leading to hyperresponsiveness of bronchi and airway obstruction. Apart from classical risk [...] Read more.
Asthma represents one of the most common medical issues in the modern world. It is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the airways and disturbances in redox status, leading to hyperresponsiveness of bronchi and airway obstruction. Apart from classical risk factors such as air pollution, family history, allergies, or obesity, disturbances of the levels of micronutrients lead to impairments in the defense mechanisms of the affected organism against oxidative stress and proinflammatory stimuli. In the present review, the impact of micronutrients on the prevalence, severity, and possible risk factors of asthma is discussed. Although the influence of classical micronutrients such as selenium, copper, or zinc are well known, the effects of those such as iodine or manganese are only rarely mentioned. As a consequence, the aim of this paper is to demonstrate how disturbances in the levels of micronutrients and their supplementation might affect the course of asthma. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Asthma Control)
10 pages, 297 KiB  
Review
Nutrition, Obesity and Asthma Inception in Children. The Role of Lung Function
by Sanchez-Solís Manuel and García-Marcos Luis
Nutrients 2021, 13(11), 3837; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113837 - 28 Oct 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3324
Abstract
Obesity is an important public health problem. WHO estimates that about 39 million children younger than 5 years of age are overweighted or obese. On the other hand, asthma is the most prevalent chronic disease in childhood, and thus, many children share those [...] Read more.
Obesity is an important public health problem. WHO estimates that about 39 million children younger than 5 years of age are overweighted or obese. On the other hand, asthma is the most prevalent chronic disease in childhood, and thus, many children share those two conditions. In the present paper we review the epidemiology of children with asthma and obesity, as well as the consequences of being obese on the respiratory system. On the one hand obesity produces an underlying T-helper 2 (TH2) low inflammation state in which numerous cytokines, which could have an impact in the respiratory system play, a role. On the other hand, some respiratory changes have been described in obese children and, specially, the development of the so called “dysanapsis” (the disproportionate scaling of airway dimensions to lung volume) which seems to be common during the first stages of life, probably related to the early development of this condition. Finally, this review deals with the role of adipokines and insulin resistance in the inception and worsening of asthma in the obese child. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Asthma Control)

Other

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18 pages, 1104 KiB  
Systematic Review
Dietary Fibre Intake in Relation to Asthma, Rhinitis and Lung Function Impairment—A Systematic Review of Observational Studies
by Emmanouela Sdona, Athina Vasiliki Georgakou, Sandra Ekström and Anna Bergström
Nutrients 2021, 13(10), 3594; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103594 - 14 Oct 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2922
Abstract
A high intake of dietary fibre has been associated with a reduced risk of several chronic diseases. This study aimed to review the current evidence on dietary fibre in relation to asthma, rhinitis and lung function impairment. Electronic databases were searched in June [...] Read more.
A high intake of dietary fibre has been associated with a reduced risk of several chronic diseases. This study aimed to review the current evidence on dietary fibre in relation to asthma, rhinitis and lung function impairment. Electronic databases were searched in June 2021 for studies on the association between dietary fibre and asthma, rhinitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung function. Observational studies with cross-sectional, case–control or prospective designs were included. Studies on animals, case studies and intervention studies were excluded. The quality of the evidence from individual studies was evaluated using the RoB-NObs tool. The World Cancer Research Fund criteria were used to grade the strength of the evidence. Twenty studies were included in this systematic review, of which ten were cohort studies, eight cross-sectional and two case–control studies. Fibre intake during pregnancy or childhood was examined in three studies, while seventeen studies examined the intake during adulthood. There was probable evidence for an inverse association between dietary fibre and COPD and suggestive evidence for a positive association with lung function. However, the evidence regarding asthma and rhinitis was limited and inconsistent. Further research is needed on dietary fibre intake and asthma, rhinitis and lung function among adults and children. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Asthma Control)
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