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Bioactive Components and Immune Regulation Mechanism

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A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemicals and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 September 2023) | Viewed by 7250

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Guangjie Chen

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Guest Editor

Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
Interests: immunoregulation effect; autoimmune diseases; rheumatoid arthritis; multiple sclerosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Many studies have found that the bioactive components or nutrients in plant extracts or synthetic bioactive substances are beneficial to the human body and can treat diseases.

Immune dysregulation leads to the occurrence and development of various diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, tumors, etc. Bioactive components play a crucial role in regulating immune responses. By acting on different immune cells, molecules, and signaling pathways, some can promote the immune response, while others can suppress it. A large number of bioactive compounds have been found which have broad application prospects.

In this Special Issue, we welcome original research and literature reviews in relation to the bioactive components or nutrition and immune regulation.

Prof. Dr. Guangjie Chen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

bioactive components
immune regulation
autoimmune diseases
tumor
inflammatory diseases

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2000 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Alleviation of Pain, PAIN Interference, and Oxidative Stress by a Novel Combination of Hemp Oil, Calamari Oil, and Broccoli: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

by Carolina Carlisle, Kristine Polley, Chinmayee Panda, Keri Barron, Meghan Hamrock, Ashley Dominique, Brandon Metzger, Sara Le Brun-Blashka and Slavko Komarnytsky

Nutrients 2023, 15(12), 2654; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15122654 - 7 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1981

Abstract

Chronic pain is a critical health issue in the US that is routinely managed pharmacologically with diminishing results. The widespread misuse and abuse of prescription opioid pain medications have caused both healthcare providers and patients to seek alternative therapeutic options. Several dietary ingredients have been traditionally used for pain relief and are known to have potential analgesic properties. This double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial aimed to test whether a novel combination of full spectrum hemp oil (phytocannabinoids), calamari oil (omega-3 fatty acids), and broccoli (glucosinolates) could reduce chronic pain and attenuate damage from oxidative stress in adults seeking chiropractic care. Participants (average age = 54.8 ± 13.6 years old) were randomly assigned to consume a whole-food, multi-ingredient supplement (n = 12, intervention and standard chiropractic care) or placebo (n = 13, mineral oil and standard chiropractic care) daily for 12 weeks. The subjects’ self-reported perceived pain, pain interference, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) status in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were quantified at baseline, mid-checkpoint, and postintervention. The intervention was positively associated with a 52% decrease in pain intensity and several parameters of pain interference, including quality of sleep. Decreases in the markers of oxidative stress were also observed in the participants from the intervention group (29.4% decrease in PMBC ROS). Our findings indicated that supplementation with a novel combination of hemp oil, calamari oil, and broccoli has the potential to manage chronic pain when combined with standard chiropractic care, as suggested by its effects on pain intensity and oxidative stress. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Components and Immune Regulation Mechanism)

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18 pages, 2229 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Phenolic-Compound-Rich Opuntia littoralis Ethyl Acetate Extract Relaxes Arthritic Symptoms in Collagen-Induced Mice Model via Bone Morphogenic Markers

by Zainab H. Almansour, Hairul-Islam Mohamed Ibrahim, Rabab S. Hamad and Heba Ibrahim Abd El-Moaty

Nutrients 2022, 14(24), 5366; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14245366 - 17 Dec 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2065

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes inflammation and progressive joint dysfunction. Opuntia littoralis (OL) has a high nutritional content and is thought to offer a number of health advantages. We aimed to evaluate the anti-arthritic potential of OL extracts against collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). We designed three OL cladode fractions from the concentrated aqueous extract: hexane, ethyl acetate (EAE), and hydro alcohol (HAE). We investigated the nitric oxide and MDA levels of EAE against lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells; then, we administered EAE to the mice with CIA to confirm the anti-inflammatory effects against RA. HPLC analysis of the OL extracts showed a high concentration of phenolic compounds in EAE. Treatment with EAE (10 and 20 mg/100 g body weight of mice) after 10 days of immunization with collagen showed a significant inhibition of joint inflammation, paw swelling, and edemas. MDA and cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6R, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23) were significantly reduced. EAE effectively ameliorated COX-2, NF-kB, STAT-3, PTEN, and RANKL expression. OL-EAE therapy significantly upregulated the expression of miR-28 and miR-199a. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory actions of OL-EAE altered the cellular localization of the inflammatory mediators, therefore preventing joint inflammation via partial epigenetic and metabolic regulations in experimental mice. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Components and Immune Regulation Mechanism)

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Review

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16 pages, 1274 KiB

Open AccessReview

Immunoregulatory Roles of Osteopontin in Diseases

by Lebei Wang and Xiaoyin Niu

Nutrients 2024, 16(2), 312; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020312 - 20 Jan 2024

Viewed by 1286

Abstract

Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein that plays a pivotal role in the immune system. It is involved in various biological processes, including cell adhesion, migration and survival. The study of the immunomodulatory effects of OPN is of paramount importance due to its potential therapeutic applications. A comprehensive understanding of how OPN regulates the immune response could pave the way for the development of novel treatments for a multitude of diseases, including autoimmune disorders, infectious diseases and cancer. Therefore, in the following paper, we provide a systematic overview of OPN and its immunoregulatory roles in various diseases, laying the foundation for the development of OPN-based therapies in the future. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Components and Immune Regulation Mechanism)

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26 pages, 2444 KiB

Open AccessReview

New Potentiality of Bioactive Substances: Regulating the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Autoimmune Diseases

by Baixi Chen, Yuhua Wang and Guangjie Chen

Nutrients 2023, 15(21), 4584; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214584 - 28 Oct 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1386

Abstract

The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an essential component of the human innate immune system, and is closely associated with adaptive immunity. In most cases, the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome requires priming and activating, which are influenced by various ion flux signals and regulated by various enzymes. Aberrant functions of intracellular NLRP3 inflammasomes promote the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases, with the majority of studies currently focused on rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis. In recent years, a number of bioactive substances have shown new potentiality for regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome in autoimmune diseases. This review provides a concise overview of the composition, functions, and regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Additionally, we focus on the newly discovered bioactive substances for regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome in autoimmune diseases in the past three years. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Components and Immune Regulation Mechanism)

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