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Pathogens
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Models in Parasite and Pathogen Evolution
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Models in Parasite and Pathogen Evolution

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Parasitic Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 8368

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Michel Tibayrenc

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
MIVEGEC (IRD 224-CNRS 5290-UM1-UM2), Institute of Research for the Development, 34394 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
Interests: genetics and evolution of infectious diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Thanks to the impressive progress in genomics, proteomics, megadata computing and mathematical modeling, our knowledge on the epidemiology, transmission and pathogenicity of infectious diseases has considerably improved in the last 20 years. This is true not only for pathogens (viruses, bacteria, parasitic protozoa, yeast and fungi, helminths and prions), but also for hosts (humans, animals, plants) and vectors, when vector-borne diseases are concerned.

For this Special Issue, we invite you to send original or review papers or technical notes on aspects of modeling of the epidemiology of transmissible diseases, covering all the aspects summarized above, dealing with diseases of medical, veterinary or agronomical relevance.

Dr. Michel Tibayrenc
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bacteria
  • virus
  • parasitic protozoa
  • yeasts and fungi
  • helminths
  • prions
  • pathogenesis
  • virulence factors
  • drug and antibiotic resistance
  • molecular epidemiology
  • evolution

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 4399 KiB  
Article
Comparative Genomic Analysis and Species Delimitation: A Case for Two Species in the Zoonotic Cestode Dipylidium caninum
by Jeba R. J. Jesudoss Chelladurai, Aloysius Abraham, Theresa A. Quintana, Deb Ritchie and Vicki Smith
Pathogens 2023, 12(5), 675; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12050675 - 3 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2067
Abstract
Dipylidium caninum (Linnaeus, 1758) is a common zoonotic cestode of dogs and cats worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated the existence of largely host-associated canine and feline genotypes based on infection studies, differences at the 28S rDNA gene, and complete mitochondrial genomes. There have [...] Read more.
Dipylidium caninum (Linnaeus, 1758) is a common zoonotic cestode of dogs and cats worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated the existence of largely host-associated canine and feline genotypes based on infection studies, differences at the 28S rDNA gene, and complete mitochondrial genomes. There have been no comparative genome-wide studies. Here, we sequenced the genomes of a dog and cat isolate of Dipylidium caninum from the United States using the Illumina platform at mean coverage depths of 45× and 26× and conducted comparative analyses with the reference draft genome. Complete mitochondrial genomes were used to confirm the genotypes of the isolates. Genomes of D. caninum canine and feline genotypes generated in this study, had an average identity of 98% and 89%, respectively, when compared to the reference genome. SNPs were 20 times higher in the feline isolate. Comparison and species delimitation using universally conserved orthologs and protein-coding mitochondrial genes revealed that the canine and feline isolates are different species. Data from this study build a base for future integrative taxonomy. Further genomic studies from geographically diverse populations are necessary to understand implications for taxonomy, epidemiology, veterinary clinical medicine, and anthelmintic resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Models in Parasite and Pathogen Evolution)
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Review

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19 pages, 2303 KiB  
Review
Malaria Genomics, Vaccine Development, and Microbiome
by Xinzhuan Su, Rachel V. Stadler, Fangzheng Xu and Jian Wu
Pathogens 2023, 12(8), 1061; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12081061 - 18 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3592
Abstract
Recent advances in malaria genetics and genomics have transformed many aspects of malaria research in areas of molecular evolution, epidemiology, transmission, host–parasite interaction, drug resistance, pathogenicity, and vaccine development. Here, in addition to introducing some background information on malaria parasite biology, parasite genetics/genomics, [...] Read more.
Recent advances in malaria genetics and genomics have transformed many aspects of malaria research in areas of molecular evolution, epidemiology, transmission, host–parasite interaction, drug resistance, pathogenicity, and vaccine development. Here, in addition to introducing some background information on malaria parasite biology, parasite genetics/genomics, and genotyping methods, we discuss some applications of genetic and genomic approaches in vaccine development and in studying interactions with microbiota. Genetic and genomic data can be used to search for novel vaccine targets, design an effective vaccine strategy, identify protective antigens in a whole-organism vaccine, and evaluate the efficacy of a vaccine. Microbiota has been shown to influence disease outcomes and vaccine efficacy; studying the effects of microbiota in pathogenicity and immunity may provide information for disease control. Malaria genetics and genomics will continue to contribute greatly to many fields of malaria research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Models in Parasite and Pathogen Evolution)
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24 pages, 2744 KiB  
Review
Unravelling Antigenic Cross-Reactions toward the World of Coronaviruses: Extent of the Stability of Shared Epitopes and SARS-CoV-2 Anti-Spike Cross-Neutralizing Antibodies
by Christian A. Devaux and Jacques Fantini
Pathogens 2023, 12(5), 713; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12050713 - 13 May 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2120
Abstract
The human immune repertoire retains the molecular memory of a very great diversity of target antigens (epitopes) and can recall this upon a second encounter with epitopes against which it has previously been primed. Although genetically diverse, proteins of coronaviruses exhibit sufficient conservation [...] Read more.
The human immune repertoire retains the molecular memory of a very great diversity of target antigens (epitopes) and can recall this upon a second encounter with epitopes against which it has previously been primed. Although genetically diverse, proteins of coronaviruses exhibit sufficient conservation to lead to antigenic cross-reactions. In this review, our goal is to question whether pre-existing immunity against seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoVs) or exposure to animal CoVs has influenced the susceptibility of human populations to SARS-CoV-2 and/or had an impact upon the physiopathological outcome of COVID-19. With the hindsight that we now have regarding COVID-19, we conclude that although antigenic cross-reactions between different coronaviruses exist, cross-reactive antibody levels (titers) do not necessarily reflect on memory B cell frequencies and are not always directed against epitopes which confer cross-protection against SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, the immunological memory of these infections is short-term and occurs in only a small percentage of the population. Thus, in contrast to what might be observed in terms of cross-protection at the level of a single individual recently exposed to circulating coronaviruses, a pre-existing immunity against HCoVs or other CoVs can only have a very minor impact on SARS-CoV-2 circulation at the level of human populations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Models in Parasite and Pathogen Evolution)
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