Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
5.1
3.7
Journals
Pathogens
Special Issues
Pathogenesis of Emerging Zoonotic Viral Infections
share announcement

Pathogenesis of Emerging Zoonotic Viral Infections

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Viral Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 May 2022) | Viewed by 22873

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Toshana Foster

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Sutton Bonington Campus, The University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
Interests: host innate immune evasion by emerging pathogens; particularly arenaviruses; host-virus interactions; restriction factors; antivirals; structure-function relationships of viral proteins
Dr. Svetlana Khaiboullina

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, OpenLab, 420008 Kazan, Russia
Interests: immune response; cytotoxic T cells; B cells; antibodies; autoantibodies; cytokines; antibody dependent cytotoxicity; pathogen associated molecular patterns; pathogen recognition receptors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The increasing emergence of zoonoses has devastating impacts on global public health and socio-economic development. Approximately 60% of all human infectious diseases are caused by zoonotic transmission from domestic animals, birds and wildlife; and an alarming 75% of recently emerged human infectious diseases are zoonotic in origin.Viral pathogens are a major threat worldwide; being responsible for significant disease emergence including highly pathogenetic avian influenza, Zika virus disease and viral haemorrhagic fevers caused by arenaviruses and Ebola viruses. The spread of these viral outbreaks can vary from confined clusters of cases to millions of cases globally, with hundreds of thousands or more, of associated deaths. Indeed, the current COVID-19 disease pandemic caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, of animal origin, has led to significant morbidity and mortality rates, with substantial impact on public health resources and disruptions to global economic activity. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has highlighted the global challenges surrounding the detection and control strategies against zoonotic pathogens. Understanding the nature of viral zoonotic disease pathogenesis and unravelling the complex mechanisms involved in establishing infection and disease is crucial for identifying risk factors that influence transmission from reservoir hosts, and in providing key information that can improve diagnosis, treatment strategies and prevention. Further, studying the genetic diversity of emerging viruses and the molecular details of key differences in host innate and adaptive immune responses to infection, can expand our understanding of the host-virus co-evolution of hosts and impact on the development of antiviral vaccine and novel therapies. This Special Issue invites original research papers, reviews, and short communications about the pathogenesis of emerging and re-emerging zoonoses. Potential scope includes, but is not limited to: · Emerging and re-emerging virus infections· Genetic diversity and zoonotic potential· Virus-host interactions· Pathogenesis- entry, replication, spread· Molecular aspects of host immune responses· Diagnosis and disease management, i.e. prevention and control· SARS and SARS-CoV-2· Vaccines and therapeutics.

Dr. Toshana Foster
Dr. Svetlana Khaiboullina
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • zoonoses
  • emerging viruses
  • pandemic
  • outbreaks
  • coronaviruses
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • arenaviruses
  • hantaviruses
  • influenza
  • flaviviruses
  • filoviruses
  • bunyaviruses
  • henipaviruses
  • genetic diversity
  • host immunity
  • host restriction factors
  • diagnostics
  • therapeutic strategies
  • antivirals

Published Papers (5 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

4 pages, 176 KiB  
Editorial
Special Issue: ‘Pathogenesis of Emerging Zoonotic Viral Infections’
by Toshana L. Foster and Svetlana F. Khaiboullina
Pathogens 2022, 11(7), 736; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11070736 - 29 Jun 2022
Viewed by 1182
Abstract
Emerging zoonotic infections present a serious global health threat [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogenesis of Emerging Zoonotic Viral Infections)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review

11 pages, 727 KiB  
Article
Tracking the Transcription Kinetic of SARS-CoV-2 in Human Cells by Reverse Transcription-Droplet Digital PCR
by Ka-Ki Au, Chunke Chen, Yee-Man Chan, Winsome Wing Sum Wong, Huibin Lv, Chris Ka Pun Mok and Chun-Kin Chow
Pathogens 2021, 10(10), 1274; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10101274 - 2 Oct 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1999
Abstract
Viral transcription is an essential step of SARS-CoV-2 infection after invasion into the target cells. Antiviral drugs such as remdesivir, which is used to treat COVID-19 patients, targets the viral RNA synthesis. Understanding the mechanism of viral transcription may help to develop new [...] Read more.
Viral transcription is an essential step of SARS-CoV-2 infection after invasion into the target cells. Antiviral drugs such as remdesivir, which is used to treat COVID-19 patients, targets the viral RNA synthesis. Understanding the mechanism of viral transcription may help to develop new therapeutic treatment by perturbing virus replication. In this study, we established 28 ddPCR assays and designed specific primers/probe sets to detect the RNA levels of 15 NSP, 9 ORF, and 4 structural genes of SARS-CoV-2. The transcriptional kinetics of these viral genes were determined longitudinally from the beginning of infection to 12 h postinfection in Caco-2 cells. We found that SARS-CoV-2 takes around 6 h to hijack the cells before the initiation of viral transcription process in human cells. Our results may contribute to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogenesis of Emerging Zoonotic Viral Infections)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 5035 KiB  
Article
The Distribution of Puumala orthohantavirus Genome Variants Correlates with the Regional Landscapes in the Trans-Kama Area of the Republic of Tatarstan
by Yuriy N. Davidyuk, Emmanuel Kabwe, Anton F. Shamsutdinov, Anna V. Knyazeva, Ekaterina V. Martynova, Ruzilya K. Ismagilova, Vladimir A. Trifonov, Tatiana A. Savitskaya, Guzel S. Isaeva, Richard A. Urbanowicz, Svetlana F. Khaiboullina, Albert A. Rizvanov and Sergey P. Morzunov
Pathogens 2021, 10(9), 1169; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091169 - 10 Sep 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1968
Abstract
In the European part of Russia, the highest number of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) cases are registered in the Volga Federal District (VFD), which includes the Republic of Tatarstan (RT). Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) is the main causative agent of HFRS identified [...] Read more.
In the European part of Russia, the highest number of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) cases are registered in the Volga Federal District (VFD), which includes the Republic of Tatarstan (RT). Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) is the main causative agent of HFRS identified in the RT. The goal of the current study is to analyze the genetic variations of the PUUV strains and possible presence of chimeric and reassortant variants among the PUUV strains circulating in bank vole populations in the Trans-Kama area of the RT. Complete S segment CDS as well as partial M and L segment coding nucleotide sequences were obtained from 40 PUUV-positive bank voles and used for the analysis. We found that all PUUV strains belonged to RUS genetic lineage and clustered in two subclades corresponding to the Western and Eastern Trans-Kama geographic areas. PUUV strains from Western Trans-Kama were related to the previously identified strain from Teteevo in the Pre-Kama area. It can be suggested that the PUUV strains were introduced to the Teteevo area as a result of the bank voles’ migration from Western Trans-Kama. It also appears that physical obstacles, including rivers, could be overcome by migrating rodents under favorable circumstances. Based on results of the comparative and phylogenetic analyses, we propose that bank vole distribution in the Trans-Kama area occurred upstream along the river valleys, and that watersheds could act as barriers for migrations. As a result, the diverged PUUV strains could be formed in closely located populations. In times of extensive bank vole population growth, happening every 3–4 years, some regions of watersheds may become open for contact between individual rodents from neighboring populations, leading to an exchange of the genetic material between divergent PUUV strains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogenesis of Emerging Zoonotic Viral Infections)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Editorial, Research

29 pages, 3972 KiB  
Review
Structural and Functional Aspects of Ebola Virus Proteins
by Sahil Jain, Ekaterina Martynova, Albert Rizvanov, Svetlana Khaiboullina and Manoj Baranwal
Pathogens 2021, 10(10), 1330; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10101330 - 15 Oct 2021
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 11357
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV), member of genus Ebolavirus, family Filoviridae, have a non-segmented, single-stranded RNA that contains seven genes: (a) nucleoprotein (NP), (b) viral protein 35 (VP35), (c) VP40, (d) glycoprotein (GP), (e) VP30, (f) VP24, and (g) RNA polymerase (L). All [...] Read more.
Ebola virus (EBOV), member of genus Ebolavirus, family Filoviridae, have a non-segmented, single-stranded RNA that contains seven genes: (a) nucleoprotein (NP), (b) viral protein 35 (VP35), (c) VP40, (d) glycoprotein (GP), (e) VP30, (f) VP24, and (g) RNA polymerase (L). All genes encode for one protein each except GP, producing three pre-proteins due to the transcriptional editing. These pre-proteins are translated into four products, namely: (a) soluble secreted glycoprotein (sGP), (b) Δ-peptide, (c) full-length transmembrane spike glycoprotein (GP), and (d) soluble small secreted glycoprotein (ssGP). Further, shed GP is released from infected cells due to cleavage of GP by tumor necrosis factor α-converting enzyme (TACE). This review presents a detailed discussion on various functional aspects of all EBOV proteins and their residues. An introduction to ebolaviruses and their life cycle is also provided for clarity of the available analysis. We believe that this review will help understand the roles played by different EBOV proteins in the pathogenesis of the disease. It will help in targeting significant protein residues for therapeutic and multi-protein/peptide vaccine development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogenesis of Emerging Zoonotic Viral Infections)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

29 pages, 1543 KiB  
Review
Immunological Perspective for Ebola Virus Infection and Various Treatment Measures Taken to Fight the Disease
by Sahil Jain, Svetlana F. Khaiboullina and Manoj Baranwal
Pathogens 2020, 9(10), 850; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9100850 - 17 Oct 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 5283
Abstract
Ebolaviruses, discovered in 1976, belongs to the Filoviridae family, which also includes Marburg and Lloviu viruses. They are negative-stranded RNA viruses with six known species identified to date. Ebola virus (EBOV) is a member of Zaire ebolavirus species and can cause the Ebola [...] Read more.
Ebolaviruses, discovered in 1976, belongs to the Filoviridae family, which also includes Marburg and Lloviu viruses. They are negative-stranded RNA viruses with six known species identified to date. Ebola virus (EBOV) is a member of Zaire ebolavirus species and can cause the Ebola virus disease (EVD), an emerging zoonotic disease that results in homeostatic imbalance and multi-organ failure. There are three EBOV outbreaks documented in the last six years resulting in significant morbidity (>32,000 cases) and mortality (>13,500 deaths). The potential factors contributing to the high infectivity of this virus include multiple entry mechanisms, susceptibility of the host cells, employment of multiple immune evasion mechanisms and rapid person-to-person transmission. EBOV infection leads to cytokine storm, disseminated intravascular coagulation, host T cell apoptosis as well as cell mediated and humoral immune response. In this review, a concise recap of cell types targeted by EBOV and EVD symptoms followed by detailed run-through of host innate and adaptive immune responses, virus-driven regulation and their combined effects contributing to the disease pathogenesis has been presented. At last, the vaccine and drug development initiatives as well as challenges related to the management of infection have been discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogenesis of Emerging Zoonotic Viral Infections)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-5
Back to TopTop