The Future of Vector-Borne Diseases in a Changing World

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 3821

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking, GU24 0NF, UK
Interests: vector-borne disease; climate change; taxonomy

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Co-Guest Editor
Foreign Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit, National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
Interests: arthropod-borne animal diseases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vector-borne diseases are likely to be strongly impacted by future climate change due to vector dependence on climate variables such as temperature and precipitation. Additionally, human impact on the landscape through both urbanization and restoration of natural areas has affects host availability and density as well as breeding habitats. Globalization facilitates the transport of vectors and associated pathogens to new areas and shifts in natural host migration patterns may also influence future disease distribution.

This special issue welcomes research and reviews that consider the future challenges and impact of our changing world on vector-borne diseases. Modelling the impact of future landscape and climate scenarios on disease risk for a range of vectors and pathogens, alongside qualitative and quantitative risk assessments and field and/or laboratory work that address areas where data are currently lacking are welcomed. This issue will help to inform policy decisions and prioritize future research areas in this field.

Dr. Marion England
Dr. Lee Cohnstaedt
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 6582 KiB  
Article
PICTUREE—Aedes: A Web Application for Dengue Data Visualization and Case Prediction
by Chunlin Yi, Aram Vajdi, Tanvir Ferdousi, Lee W. Cohnstaedt and Caterina Scoglio
Pathogens 2023, 12(6), 771; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12060771 - 29 May 2023
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Abstract
Dengue fever remains a significant public health concern in many tropical and subtropical countries, and there is still a need for a system that can effectively combine global risk assessment with timely incidence forecasting. This research describes an integrated application called PICTUREE—Aedes, which [...] Read more.
Dengue fever remains a significant public health concern in many tropical and subtropical countries, and there is still a need for a system that can effectively combine global risk assessment with timely incidence forecasting. This research describes an integrated application called PICTUREE—Aedes, which can collect and analyze dengue-related data, display simulation results, and forecast outbreak incidence. PICTUREE—Aedes automatically updates global temperature and precipitation data and contains historical records of dengue incidence (1960–2012) and Aedes mosquito occurrences (1960–2014) in its database. The application utilizes a mosquito population model to estimate mosquito abundance, dengue reproduction number, and dengue risk. To predict future dengue outbreak incidence, PICTUREE—Aedes applies various forecasting techniques, including the ensemble Kalman filter, recurrent neural network, particle filter, and super ensemble forecast, which are all based on user-entered case data. The PICTUREE—Aedes’ risk estimation identifies favorable conditions for potential dengue outbreaks, and its forecasting accuracy is validated by available outbreak data from Cambodia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Vector-Borne Diseases in a Changing World)
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Review

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17 pages, 371 KiB  
Review
Interaction of Human Behavioral Factors Shapes the Transmission of Arboviruses by Aedes and Culex Mosquitoes
by Aubane Renard, Fernanda Pérez Lombardini, Mitsuri Pacheco Zapata, Thibaud Porphyre, Ana Bento, Gerardo Suzán, David Roiz, Benjamin Roche and Audrey Arnal
Pathogens 2023, 12(12), 1421; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12121421 - 6 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1348
Abstract
Arboviruses, i.e., viruses transmitted by blood-sucking arthropods, trigger significant global epidemics. Over the past 20 years, the frequency of the (re-)emergence of these pathogens, particularly those transmitted by Aedes and Culex mosquitoes, has dramatically increased. Therefore, understanding how human behavior is modulating population [...] Read more.
Arboviruses, i.e., viruses transmitted by blood-sucking arthropods, trigger significant global epidemics. Over the past 20 years, the frequency of the (re-)emergence of these pathogens, particularly those transmitted by Aedes and Culex mosquitoes, has dramatically increased. Therefore, understanding how human behavior is modulating population exposure to these viruses is of particular importance. This synthesis explores human behavioral factors driving human exposure to arboviruses, focusing on household surroundings, socio-economic status, human activities, and demographic factors. Household surroundings, such as the lack of water access, greatly influence the risk of arbovirus exposure by promoting mosquito breeding in stagnant water bodies. Socio-economic status, such as low income or low education, is correlated to an increased incidence of arboviral infections and exposure. Human activities, particularly those practiced outdoors, as well as geographical proximity to livestock rearing or crop cultivation, inadvertently provide favorable breeding environments for mosquito species, escalating the risk of virus exposure. However, the effects of demographic factors like age and gender can vary widely through space and time. While climate and environmental factors crucially impact vector development and viral replication, household surroundings, socio-economic status, human activities, and demographic factors are key drivers of arbovirus exposure. This article highlights that human behavior creates a complex interplay of factors influencing the risk of mosquito-borne virus exposure, operating at different temporal and spatial scales. To increase awareness among human populations, we must improve our understanding of these complex factors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Vector-Borne Diseases in a Changing World)
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