Natural Products for Antimicrobial and Drug Delivery: A Look into the Future

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Drug Targeting and Design".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 946

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Departamento de Quimica, Universidade Vale do Acarau, Sobral, Brazil
Interests: natural products; essential oils; larvicidal activity; spectroscopic analysis; terpenes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Resistance is a natural process of microorganisms; however, it has been intensified in recent years due to the excessive and incorrect use of antibiotics and antifungals. This, in turn, has caused the development of resistance factors, such as changes in places where antibiotics and antifungals act, membrane permeability, active pumping of antibiotics and antifungals out of the microorganisms and the production of enzymes that degrade antibiotics and antifungals.

Throughout our evolution, natural products have been of utmost significance in  producing antimicrobial agents. Additionally, emerging biodegradable and non-degradable polymer systems provide a novel avenue for the incorporation and release of active natural products. A controlled drug release system helps to keep the profile of drug concentration constant within the therapeutic range and avoids adverse side effects.

This Special Issue aims to collate papers that address the importance of natural products and drug delivery systems in combating microbial infections. Potential topics include, but is not limited to, the following: natural compounds; antimicrobial agents; drug delivery systems; essential oils; and mechanisms of action. We welcome submissions of both original research articles and review.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Hélcio Silva Dos Santos
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • natural products
  • microbial infections
  • drug delivery systems
  • essential oils
  • mechanism of action

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

26 pages, 5947 KiB  
Article
Lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus) Oil Nanoemulsions Loaded with Levofloxacin: Phytochemical Profiles and Antibiofilm Activity against Staphylococcus spp.
by Linda Maurizi, Alba Lasalvia, Maria Gioia Fabiano, Eleonora D’Intino, Francesca Del Cioppo, Caterina Fraschetti, Antonello Filippi, Maria Grazia Ammendolia, Antonietta Lucia Conte, Jacopo Forte, Davide Corinti, Maria Elisa Crestoni, Maria Carafa, Carlotta Marianecci, Federica Rinaldi and Catia Longhi
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(7), 927; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16070927 - 11 Jul 2024
Viewed by 574
Abstract
Most clinical isolates of both Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis show the capacity to adhere to abiotic surfaces and to develop biofilms resulting in a contribution to chronic human skin infections. Antibiotic resistance and poor biofilm penetration are the main causes of ineffective therapeutic treatment [...] Read more.
Most clinical isolates of both Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis show the capacity to adhere to abiotic surfaces and to develop biofilms resulting in a contribution to chronic human skin infections. Antibiotic resistance and poor biofilm penetration are the main causes of ineffective therapeutic treatment in killing bacteria within biofilms. A possible strategy could be represented by drug delivery systems, such as nanoemulsions (composed of bioactive oil, surfactant and water phase), which are useful for enhancing the drug permeation of a loaded drug inside the biofilm and its activity. Phytochemical characterization of Pistacia lentiscus oil (LO) by direct infusion Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) allowed the identification of bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties, including fatty acids and phenolic compounds. Several monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes have been also detected and confirmed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis, together providing a complete metabolomic profiling of LO. In the present study, a nanoemulsion composed of LO has been employed for improving Levofloxacin water solubility. A deep physical–chemical characterization of the nanoemulsion including hydrodynamic diameter, ζ-potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, stability release and permeation studies was performed. Additionally, the antimicrobial/antibiofilm activity of these preparations was evaluated against reference and clinical Staphylococcus spp. strains. In comparison to the free-form antibiotic, the loaded NE nanocarriers exhibited enhanced antimicrobial activity against the sessile forms of Staphylococcus spp. strains. Full article
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