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Pharmaceutics
Special Issues
Advanced Technology of Pharmaceutics in Anesthesia and Analgesia
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Advanced Technology of Pharmaceutics in Anesthesia and Analgesia

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Pharmacy and Formulation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2023) | Viewed by 6580

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Renata Zajączkowska

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Interdisciplinary Intensive Care, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
Interests: mechanisms of acute and chronic pain; pharmacological and interventional methods of pain treatment; optimization of anesthesia and analgesia in the perioperative period

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the era of technological progress in many fields of medicine, improvement of the quality and safety of anesthesia and perioperative care, including effective pain relief, is extremally important. Pain, both acute and chronic, is unfortunately still a common reality that increases the risk of complications in the postoperative period. It is also a source of patients’ suffering and significantly diminishes their quality of life. Due to a great variety of mechanisms involved in the process of nociception, multimodal analgesia is the currently recommended pain management strategy. It involves use of drugs and techniques with different mechanisms of action to obtain the optimal therapeutic effect and minimize the risk of side effects and complications. Because the efficacy of pain management is not sufficient, new drugs or combinations of drugs are investigated and searched for. This Themed Issue on ”Advanced Technology of Pharmaceutics in Anesthesia and Analgesia” aims to present new drugs and technologies in anesthesia and analgesia which are focused on improvement of safety and quality of anesthesia and pain management. 

Dr. Renata Zajączkowska
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pharmaceutics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • anesthesia
  • analgesia
  • formulation
  • pain management
  • novel excipients
  • pharmaceutics
  • drug delivery system
  • multimodal strategy
  • perioperative care
  • new drug design

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 786 KiB  
Article
ADV6209 for Premedication in Pediatric Anesthesia: A Double-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial
by Markus Zadrazil, Peter Marhofer, Werner Schmid, Daniela Marhofer and Philipp Opfermann
Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(10), 2062; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102062 - 27 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1711
Abstract
ADV6209, a new formulation of midazolam with the addition of γ-cyclodextrin for oral use, has recently been licensed as the first pediatric sedative in the European Union. We compared the clinical efficacy of ADV6209 to the standard formulation of midazolam in premedication to [...] Read more.
ADV6209, a new formulation of midazolam with the addition of γ-cyclodextrin for oral use, has recently been licensed as the first pediatric sedative in the European Union. We compared the clinical efficacy of ADV6209 to the standard formulation of midazolam in premedication to reduce anxiety in children before anesthesia induction in a randomized, double-blinded controlled trial. Eighty children (ASA I/II; age: 2–8 years) scheduled for elective surgery were randomized to receive 0.25 mg kg−1 of either conventional midazolam or ADV6209. Assessment tools included the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale-Short Form (mYPAS-SF) as well as scores for oral acceptance of the premedication and facemask acceptance during inhalational anesthesia induction. Mann–Whitney U and Pearson’s chi-square tests were used for comparisons of outcome parameters. The primary outcome parameter of the study (mYPAS-SF anxiety score 30 min after the drug administration) did not reveal any significant intergroup difference between the ADV6209 group and the conventional midazolam group. Both drugs revealed their efficacy in reducing anxiety and in providing adequate sedation. The premedication dose was accepted by all children in the ADV6209 but rejected by 15% in the conventional midazolam group (p = 0.037). Acceptance of facemask placement was not found to differ significantly. No adverse events related to the study medications were noted. ADV6209 was better orally accepted than the conventional midazolam preparation and proved its efficacy in reducing preoperative anxiety. This clinically interesting preparation may alleviate the premedication process of 2−8 year-old children and obviates off-label drug use. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technology of Pharmaceutics in Anesthesia and Analgesia)
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12 pages, 969 KiB  
Article
Single Injection of Cross-Linked Hyaluronate in Knee Osteoarthritis: A 52-Week Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
by Po-Yen Ko, Chung-Yi Li, Chia-Lung Li, Li-Chieh Kuo, Wei-Ren Su, I-Ming Jou and Po-Ting Wu
Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(9), 1783; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14091783 - 25 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1782
Abstract
Background: to compare the 52-week effectiveness and safety between HYAJOINT Plus (HJP) and Durolane in knee osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. Methods: consecutive patients received a single injection of 3 mL HJP or Durolane. The primary outcome was a visual analog scale (VAS) pain measurement [...] Read more.
Background: to compare the 52-week effectiveness and safety between HYAJOINT Plus (HJP) and Durolane in knee osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. Methods: consecutive patients received a single injection of 3 mL HJP or Durolane. The primary outcome was a visual analog scale (VAS) pain measurement at 26 weeks post-injection. Secondary outcomes included other clinical, satisfaction, and safety assessments for 52 weeks. Results: 142 patients were equally randomized. At week 26, the HJP group had less VAS pain than the Durolane group (18.1 ± 9.5 versus 24.4 ± 14.0, p = 0.001). Both groups showed improvement in their VAS pain and stiffness scores, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain and total scores for 52 weeks after injection (p < 0.001). However, the HJP group showed lower VAS pain and stiffness scores, reduced WOMAC pain and stiffness scores, a shorter Timed “Up & Go” (TUG) time, and a higher satisfaction score than the Durolane group for 39 weeks (p < 0.05). Only mild and self-limited adverse events occurred (40.8%). Conclusion: While a single injection of either HJP or Durolane is safe and effective for at least 52 weeks, HJP provided superior improvement in terms of VAS pain and stiffness scores, WOMAC pain and stiffness scores, and satisfaction score within 39 weeks of treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technology of Pharmaceutics in Anesthesia and Analgesia)
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Review

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28 pages, 2222 KiB  
Review
Impact of Opioids on Cellular Metabolism: Implications for Metabolic Pathways Involved in Cancer
by Doorsa Tarazi and Jason T. Maynes
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(9), 2225; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15092225 - 29 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2058
Abstract
Opioid utilization for pain management is prevalent among cancer patients. There is significant evidence describing the many effects of opioids on cancer development. Despite the pivotal role of metabolic reprogramming in facilitating cancer growth and metastasis, the specific impact of opioids on crucial [...] Read more.
Opioid utilization for pain management is prevalent among cancer patients. There is significant evidence describing the many effects of opioids on cancer development. Despite the pivotal role of metabolic reprogramming in facilitating cancer growth and metastasis, the specific impact of opioids on crucial oncogenic metabolic pathways remains inadequately investigated. This review provides an understanding of the current research on opioid-mediated changes to cellular metabolic pathways crucial for oncogenesis, including glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, glutaminolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The existing literature suggests that opioids affect energy production pathways via increasing intracellular glucose levels, increasing the production of lactic acid, and reducing ATP levels through impediment of OXPHOS. Opioids modulate pathways involved in redox balance which may allow cancer cells to overcome ROS-mediated apoptotic signaling. The majority of studies have been conducted in healthy tissue with a predominant focus on neuronal cells. To comprehensively understand the impact of opioids on metabolic pathways critical to cancer progression, research must extend beyond healthy tissue and encompass patient-derived cancer tissue, allowing for a better understanding in the context of the metabolic reprogramming already undergone by cancer cells. The current literature is limited by a lack of direct experimentation exploring opioid-induced changes to cancer metabolism as they relate to tumor growth and patient outcome. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technology of Pharmaceutics in Anesthesia and Analgesia)
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