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Advances in Plant Ecophysiology
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Advances in Plant Ecophysiology

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Physiology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 6242

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Silvana de Paula Quintão Scalon

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Agrarian Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 7984970, MS, Brazil
Interests: plant physiology; ecophysiology
Dr. Etenaldo Felipe Santiago

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Agrarian Science, Estadual University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados 7984970, MS, Brazil
Interests: plant physiology; ecophysiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Considering global climate change, studies related to cultural practices regarding fruits, ornamentals, medicinal plants, trees, and cultivated species have been carried out with the aim of guaranteeing sustainable development, the conservation of biodiversity and natural resources, and the guarantee of food sovereignty.

Knowledge of ecophysiological responses in addition to the adoption of physiological and nutritional management has increased, providing promising insights into methods for the induction of tolerance or adjustments through plasticity, favoring the survival of plants during exposure to stressors and more efficient recovery in the post-stress period.

 The dissemination of results from these studies may support silvicultural management practices, ensuring the conservation of biodiversity, protecting, recovering, and promoting the sustainable use of species and the ecosystem as well as favoring the maintenance of and/or increase in agricultural productivity.

Dr. Silvana de Paula Quintão Scalon
Dr. Etenaldo Felipe Santiago
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • physiological and growth responses
  • abiotic stress
  • elicitors and bio-inputs
  • protected cultivation
  • beneficial elements
  • antioxidant metabolism
  • mineral metabolism
  • resilience
  • plasticity
  • productivity

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 2349 KiB  
Article
Host Plant Modulated Physio-Biochemical Process Enhances Adaptive Response of Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) under Salinity Stress
by Kamlesh Verma, Ashwani Kumar, Raj Kumar, Naresh Kumar, Arvind Kumar, Ajay Kumar Bhardwaj, Ramesh Chander Verma and Prashant Sharma
Plants 2024, 13(8), 1162; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13081162 - 22 Apr 2024
Viewed by 412
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most significant abiotic stress that affects the growth and development of high-value tree species, including sandalwood, which can also be managed effectively on saline soils with the help of suitable host species. Therefore, the current investigation was conducted [...] Read more.
Salinity is one of the most significant abiotic stress that affects the growth and development of high-value tree species, including sandalwood, which can also be managed effectively on saline soils with the help of suitable host species. Therefore, the current investigation was conducted to understand the physiological processes and antioxidant mechanisms in sandalwood along the different salinity gradients to explore the host species that could support sandalwood growth in salt-affected agro-ecosystems. Sandalwood seedlings were grown with ten diverse host species with saline water irrigation gradients (ECiw~3, 6, and 9 dS m−1) and control (ECiw~0.82 dS m−1). Experimental findings indicate a decline in the chlorophyll content (13–33%), relative water content (3–23%), photosynthetic (27–61%) and transpiration rate (23–66%), water and osmotic potential (up to 137%), and ion dynamics (up to 61%) with increasing salinity levels. Conversely, the carotenoid content (23–43%), antioxidant activity (up to 285%), and membrane injury (82–205%) were enhanced with increasing salinity stress. Specifically, among the hosts, Dalbergia sissoo and Melia dubia showed a minimum reduction in chlorophyll content, relative water content, and plant water relation and gas exchange parameters of sandalwood plants. Surprisingly, most of the host tree species maintained K+/Na+ of sandalwood up to moderate water salinity of ECiw~6 dS m−1; however, a further increase in water salinity decreased the K+/Na+ ratio of sandalwood by many-fold. Salinity stress also enhanced the antioxidative enzyme activity, although the maximum increase was noted with host plants M. dubia, followed by D. sissoo and Azadirachta indica. Overall, the investigation concluded that sandalwood with the host D. sissoo can be successfully grown in nurseries using saline irrigation water and, with the host M. dubia, it can be grown using good quality irrigation water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Plant Ecophysiology)
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20 pages, 3696 KiB  
Article
Potential of Seed Halopriming in the Mitigation of Salinity Stress during Germination and Seedling Establishment in Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)
by Manel Hmissi, Abdelmajid Krouma, Francisco García-Sánchez and Mohamed Chaieb
Plants 2024, 13(1), 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13010066 - 25 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 964
Abstract
The salinity of soils and irrigation water is among the main factors that limit plant productivity worldwide. Several alternatives have been proposed to get around this problem. However, these alternatives have faced difficulties in their implementation. As an alternative, the adverse effects of [...] Read more.
The salinity of soils and irrigation water is among the main factors that limit plant productivity worldwide. Several alternatives have been proposed to get around this problem. However, these alternatives have faced difficulties in their implementation. As an alternative, the adverse effects of salinity on crop yield can be minimized by selecting species and varieties better adapted to salinity and/or by finding priming agents that give plants a certain tolerance during the vegetative and reproductive stages. The latter are strictly dependent on germination and seedling establishment. For this purpose, a laboratory experiment was conducted on three Tunisian wheat cultivars (Karim, Razeg, and Maali) subjected to moderate salinity stress (MSS, 5 g L−1 NaCl), severe salinity stress (SSS, 10 g L−1 NaCl), or control (0 NaCl) after soaking the seeds in a solution of KNO3 or ZnSO4 (0.5 g L−1). Salinity stress significantly decreased germination capacity (GC) and induced osmotic stress under MSS, which declined under SSS in favor of toxic stress. Pretreatment of seeds with KNO3 or ZnSO4 alleviated the toxic effect, and seedlings recovered initial vigor and GC even under SSS. The Karim cultivar showed better tolerance to salinity and a higher ability to react to priming agents. The calculated sensitivity tolerance index (STI) based on germination capacity, seedling growth, and initial vigor decreased in all cultivars under salt stress; however, this parameter clearly discriminated the studied cultivars. Karim was the most tolerant as compared to Razeg and Maali. We conclude that halopriming provides a benefit by alleviating the harmful effects of salt toxicity and that cultivars differ in their response to priming and extent of salt stress. KNO3 and ZnSO4 effectively alleviated the inhibitory effect of salt stress on seed germination and seedling establishment while significantly improving initial vigor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Plant Ecophysiology)
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12 pages, 2119 KiB  
Article
Do Silicon and Salicylic Acid Attenuate Water Deficit Damage in Talisia esculenta Radlk Seedlings?
by Vanda Maria de Aquino Figueiredo, Silvana de Paula Quintão Scalon, Cleberton Correia Santos, Jéssica Aline Linné, Juliana Milene Silverio, Wállas Matos Cerqueira and João Lucas da Costa Santos de Almeida
Plants 2023, 12(18), 3183; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12183183 - 06 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 682
Abstract
Water deficit is one of the factors that most influence plant growth and yield. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of silicon and salicylic acid application and water deficit on the growth and photosynthetic and osmoregulatory metabolism of Talisia esculenta Radlk. seedlings [...] Read more.
Water deficit is one of the factors that most influence plant growth and yield. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of silicon and salicylic acid application and water deficit on the growth and photosynthetic and osmoregulatory metabolism of Talisia esculenta Radlk. seedlings and their recovery potential after the resumption of irrigation. Six treatments were performed: irrigation, irrigation suspension, irrigation suspension + silicon at 0.5 g L−1, irrigation suspension + silicon at 1.0 g L−1, irrigation suspension + salicylic acid at 50 mg L−1, and irrigation suspension + salicylic acid at 100 mg L−1. The evaluations were carried out at the beginning of the experiment, at 10 and 15 days after irrigation suspension, when the seedlings showed a photosynthetic rate close to zero, and at recovery. The plants were subjected to water restriction for up to 15 days, then re-irrigated until the recovery point, which was monitored based on the photosynthetic rate. Silicon application attenuated the harmful effects of water deficit on gas exchange and initial fluorescence, promoted proline accumulation in the leaf and root, and provided higher seedling quality. Salicylic acid application contributed to the maintenance of the relative water content of leaves during the water deficit period. Silicon and salicylic acid applications can attenuate the harmful effects of water stress, with silicon being the most effective agent in maintaining its growth and metabolism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Plant Ecophysiology)
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Review

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23 pages, 1885 KiB  
Review
Plant Adaptation to Flooding Stress under Changing Climate Conditions: Ongoing Breakthroughs and Future Challenges
by Amna Aslam, Athar Mahmood, Hafeez Ur-Rehman, Cunwu Li, Xuewen Liang, Jinhua Shao, Sally Negm, Mahmoud Moustafa, Muhammad Aamer and Muhammad Umair Hassan
Plants 2023, 12(22), 3824; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12223824 - 11 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2041
Abstract
Climate-change-induced variations in temperature and rainfall patterns are a serious threat across the globe. Flooding is the foremost challenge to agricultural productivity, and it is believed to become more intense under a changing climate. Flooding is a serious form of stress that significantly [...] Read more.
Climate-change-induced variations in temperature and rainfall patterns are a serious threat across the globe. Flooding is the foremost challenge to agricultural productivity, and it is believed to become more intense under a changing climate. Flooding is a serious form of stress that significantly reduces crop yields, and future climatic anomalies are predicted to make the problem even worse in many areas of the world. To cope with the prevailing flooding stress, plants have developed different morphological and anatomical adaptations in their roots, aerenchyma cells, and leaves. Therefore, researchers are paying more attention to identifying developed and adopted molecular-based plant mechanisms with the objective of obtaining flooding-resistant cultivars. In this review, we discuss the various physiological, anatomical, and morphological adaptations (aerenchyma cells, ROL barriers (redial O2 loss), and adventitious roots) and the phytohormonal regulation in plants under flooding stress. This review comprises ongoing innovations and strategies to mitigate flooding stress, and it also provides new insights into how this knowledge can be used to improve productivity in the scenario of a rapidly changing climate and increasing flood intensity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Plant Ecophysiology)
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26 pages, 1665 KiB  
Review
How Does Zinc Improve Salinity Tolerance? Mechanisms and Future Prospects
by Jinhua Shao, Wei Tang, Kai Huang, Can Ding, Haocheng Wang, Wenlong Zhang, Ronghui Li, Muhammad Aamer, Muhammad Umair Hassan, Rehab O. Elnour, Mohamed Hashem, Guoqin Huang and Sameer H. Qari
Plants 2023, 12(18), 3207; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12183207 - 08 Sep 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1562
Abstract
Salinity stress (SS) is a serious abiotic stress and a major constraint to agricultural productivity across the globe. High SS negatively affects plant growth and yield by altering soil physio-chemical properties and plant physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes. The application of micronutrients is [...] Read more.
Salinity stress (SS) is a serious abiotic stress and a major constraint to agricultural productivity across the globe. High SS negatively affects plant growth and yield by altering soil physio-chemical properties and plant physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes. The application of micronutrients is considered an important practice to mitigate the adverse effects of SS. Zinc (Zn) is an important nutrient that plays an imperative role in plant growth, and it could also help alleviate the effects of salt stress. Zn application improves seed germination, seedling growth, water uptake, plant water relations, nutrient uptake, and nutrient homeostasis, therefore improving plant performance and saline conditions. Zn application also protects the photosynthetic apparatus from salinity-induced oxidative stress and improves stomata movement, chlorophyll synthesis, carbon fixation, and osmolytes and hormone accumulation. Moreover, Zn application also increases the synthesis of secondary metabolites and the expression of stress responsive genes and stimulates antioxidant activities to counter the toxic effects of salt stress. Therefore, to better understand the role of Zn in plants under SS, we have discussed the various mechanisms by which Zn induces salinity tolerance in plants. We have also identified diverse research gaps that must be filled in future research programs. The present review article will fill the knowledge gaps on the role of Zn in mitigating salinity stress. This review will also help readers to learn more about the role of Zn and will provide new suggestions on how this knowledge can be used to develop salt tolerance in plants by using Zn. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Plant Ecophysiology)
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