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The Impact of LED (Light-Emitting Diode) Spectra on Plant Growth...
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The Impact of LED (Light-Emitting Diode) Spectra on Plant Growth and Quality 2.0

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Physiology and Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (22 December 2023) | Viewed by 6608

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Hail Rihan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
2. Consultant Professor, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
Interests: new-generation LED technologies; impact of light spectra on growth, yield, chemistry, biology, and molecular information of plants; hydroponic production of high-value crops; breeding of wheat and cauliflower; abiotic stress (drought, cold, and salinity); molecular mechanism of plant abiotic stress tolerance (e.g., monitoring gene expression profiles/patterns and gene regulatory networks for understanding genetic control for crop improvement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Mick Fuller

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
Interests: plant stress physiology: frost tolerance, ice nucleation, infrared thermal imaging, salt tolerance, drought tolerance; plant biotechnology: plant tissue culture, molecular biology crop physiology; agronomy: physiology of vegetable crops and cereals, climate change physiology, glasshouse crop physiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A new method of artificially grown light sources, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), has been intensively developed in recent years, now having potential for use in agricultural and horticultural production. LEDs have a linear photon output with an electrical input current. LEDs also have a substantial potential importance in plant development, since they can be constructed in arrays big enough to provide enough PAR but are still small in size (a few centimeters in diameter) and emit less heat than “traditional” high‐intensity discharge lighting lamps. They are also known for their durability and long operating lifetime. LED arrays can be designed to have wavelength specificity, which is a key factor since each plant species responds differentially to different light wavelengths due to specific differences in their photoreceptors. Plenty of research has investigated the role of LEDs in enhancing plant shape, edible quality, biomass, number of leaves, growth rate, and stem width. Simultaneously, research has demonstrated the effects of LEDs on chemical compounds such as vitamin C content, soluble sugar content, chlorophyll level, antioxidant activity, and the different protein levels of many plant species.

For this Special Issue, articles (original research papers, perspectives, opinions, and reviews) that focus on the impact of LED light spectra on plant tissue culture programs, growth and yield of plants, essential oil content and chemical composition of pharmaceutical plant species, plant biochemistry, plant physiology, gene and protein expressions, plant metabolites and nutrition, and economical analysis of controlled environment agriculture (CEA) systems using LED lights are most welcome.

Prof. Dr. Hail Rihan
Prof. Dr. Mick Fuller
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • LED (light-emitting diode)
  • pharmaceutical plants
  • light spectrum
  • yield, photosynthesis
  • photosynthetic photon flux
  • secondary metabolism
  • physiological regulation
  • photoreceptors
  • photobiology
  • spectral composition

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 6728 KiB  
Article
Light Energy Efficiency in Lettuce Crop: Structural Indoor Designs Simulation
by Luisa F. Lozano-Castellanos, Luis Manuel Navas-Gracia and Adriana Correa-Guimaraes
Plants 2023, 12(19), 3456; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12193456 - 30 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1055
Abstract
Indoor agricultural offers efficient alternatives for intensive food production through automation technologies and controlled environments. Light plays a crucial role in plant development; however, photons captured by the crop are often wasted in empty spaces, resulting in low light efficiency and high energy [...] Read more.
Indoor agricultural offers efficient alternatives for intensive food production through automation technologies and controlled environments. Light plays a crucial role in plant development; however, photons captured by the crop are often wasted in empty spaces, resulting in low light efficiency and high energy costs. This research aims to simulate eight structural designs for an indoor lettuce crop, exploring different planting systems and light and culture bed combinations (static and mobile) to identify the most effective mechanism for light efficiency during crop growth. The simulations were carried out with spreadsheets based on applying formulas of yield in dry biomass per photosynthetic photons, lighting costs, harvest, and production. The results indicate that Circular Moving Light and Mobile Culture Bed with Quincunx Planting (CML-QM) and Circular Moving Light and Mobile Culture Bed with Linear Planting (CML-LPM) exhibit higher photon capture percentages (85% and 80%, respectively) and lower electricity consumption compared to static designs. The simulation results demonstrate the potential for significant improvements in photon capture and cost savings through optimized system designs. This investigation provides valuable insights for designing more efficient systems and reducing electricity consumption to enhance the capture of photosynthetic photons in indoor lettuce cultivation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of LED (Light-Emitting Diode) Spectra on Plant Growth and Quality 2.0)
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18 pages, 2996 KiB  
Article
Effects of Light Intensity on Growth and Quality of Lettuce and Spinach Cultivars in a Plant Factory
by Chen Miao, Shaojun Yang, Jing Xu, Hong Wang, Yongxue Zhang, Jiawei Cui, Hongmei Zhang, Haijun Jin, Panling Lu, Lizhong He, Jizhu Yu, Qiang Zhou and Xiaotao Ding
Plants 2023, 12(18), 3337; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12183337 - 21 Sep 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4307
Abstract
The decreased quality of leafy vegetables and tipburn caused by inappropriate light intensity are serious problems faced in plant factories, greatly reducing the economic benefits. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively understand the impact of light intensity on the growth and [...] Read more.
The decreased quality of leafy vegetables and tipburn caused by inappropriate light intensity are serious problems faced in plant factories, greatly reducing the economic benefits. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively understand the impact of light intensity on the growth and quality of different crops and to develop precise lighting schemes for specific cultivars. Two lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars—Crunchy and Deangelia—and one spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) cultivar—Shawen—were grown in a plant factory using a light-emitting diode (LED) under intensities of 300, 240, 180, and 120 μmol m−2 s−1, respectively. Cultivation in a solar greenhouse using only natural light (NL) served as the control. The plant height, number of leaves, and leaf width exhibited the highest values under a light intensity of 300 μmol m−2 s−1 for Crunchy. The plant width and leaf length of Deangelia exhibited the smallest values under a light intensity of 300 μmol m−2 s−1. The fresh weight of shoot and root, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and ascorbic acid contents in the three cultivars increased with the increasing light intensity. However, tipburn was observed in Crunchy under 300 μmol m−2 s−1 light intensity, and in Deangelia under both 300 and 240 μmol m−2 s−1 light intensities. Shawen spinach exhibited leaf curling under all four light intensities. The light intensities of 240 and 180 μmol m−2 s−1 were observed to be the most optimum for Crunchy and Deangelia (semi-heading lettuce variety), respectively, which would exhibit relative balance growth and morphogenesis. The lack of healthy leaves in Shawen spinach under all light intensities indicated the need to comprehensively optimize cultivation for Shawen in plant factories to achieve successful cultivation. The results indicated that light intensity is an important factor and should be optimized for specific crop species and cultivars to achieve healthy growth in plant factories. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of LED (Light-Emitting Diode) Spectra on Plant Growth and Quality 2.0)
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19 pages, 6804 KiB  
Article
Effect of Different Monochromatic LEDs on the Environmental Adaptability of Spathiphyllum floribundum and Chrysanthemum morifolium
by Yinglong Song, Weichao Liu, Zheng Wang, Songlin He, Wenqing Jia, Yuxiao Shen, Yuke Sun, Yufeng Xu, Hongwei Wang and Wenqian Shang
Plants 2023, 12(16), 2964; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12162964 - 16 Aug 2023
Viewed by 828
Abstract
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can be programmed to provide specialized light sources and spectra for plant growth. UV-A (397.6 nm), blue (460.6 nm), green (520.7 nm), and red (661.9 nm) LED light sources were used to study the effects of different monochromatic lights on [...] Read more.
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can be programmed to provide specialized light sources and spectra for plant growth. UV-A (397.6 nm), blue (460.6 nm), green (520.7 nm), and red (661.9 nm) LED light sources were used to study the effects of different monochromatic lights on the growth, antioxidant system, and photosynthetic characteristics of Spathiphyllum floribundum ‘Tian Jiao’ (a shade-loving species) and Chrysanthemum morifolium ‘Huang Xiu Qiu’ (a sun-loving species). This research revealed that green and blue light could enhance the morphological indicators, Chl a/b, photosynthetic electron transfer chain performance, and photosystem activity of S. floribundum, blue and red light could enhance the solution protein, Chl a, and photosynthetic electron transfer chain performance of C. morifolium, red and UV-A light viewed the highest SOD and CAT activities of S. floribundum (275.56 U·min·g−1; 148.33 U·min·g−1) and C. morifolium (587.03 U·min·g−1; 98.33 U·min·g−1), respectively. Blue and green light were more suitable for the growth and development of the shade-loving plant S. floribundum, while red and blue light were more suitable for the sun-loving plant C. morifolium. UV-A light could be used for their stress research. The research revealed the different adaptation mechanism of different plants to light environmental conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of LED (Light-Emitting Diode) Spectra on Plant Growth and Quality 2.0)
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