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Modern Breeding Tools for Crop Genetic Improvement
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Modern Breeding Tools for Crop Genetic Improvement

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Genetics, Genomics and Biotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2024) | Viewed by 2208

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yarra Rajesh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1575 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Interests: genome editing; genetic engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the present scenario, crop yields must be increased to meet future global food demand. Plant breeding plays a pivotal role in changing certain traits of crop plants. However, conventional plant breeding methods take more time in developing and delivering crops with desired traits. Modern breeding tools such as Double Haploid technology, marker-assisted breeding, genomics, genetic engineering, RNAi, and genome editing methodologies have been used for crop genetic improvement. The creation of transgene-free edited plants to ensure genomic stability is a major challenge within genome editing. This Special Issue of Plants will include articles discussing crop improvement through modern breeding technologies.

Dr. Yarra Rajesh
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • genome editing (CRISPR/Cas9)
  • base editing
  • prime editing
  • DNA-free genome editing
  • double haploid technology
  • protoplast technology
  • genetic engineering
  • RNAi
  • genomics-assisted breeding

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 1494 KiB  
Article
Association Mapping for Evaluation of Population Structure, Genetic Diversity, and Physiochemical Traits in Drought-Stressed Maize Germplasm Using SSR Markers
by Muhammad Zahaib Ilyas, Hyeon Park, So Jung Jang, Jungeun Cho, Kyu Jin Sa and Ju Kyong Lee
Plants 2023, 12(24), 4092; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12244092 - 7 Dec 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1010
Abstract
Globally, maize is one of the most consumed crops along with rice and wheat. However, maize is sensitive to different abiotic stress factors, such as drought, which have a significant impact on its production. The aims of this study were to investigate (1) [...] Read more.
Globally, maize is one of the most consumed crops along with rice and wheat. However, maize is sensitive to different abiotic stress factors, such as drought, which have a significant impact on its production. The aims of this study were to investigate (1) genetic variation among 41 maize-inbred lines and the relationships among them and (2) significant marker–trait associations (SMTAs) between 7 selected physiochemical traits and 200 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to examine the genetics of these traits. A total of 1023 alleles were identified among the 41 maize-inbred lines using the 200 SSR loci, with a mean of 5.1 alleles per locus. The average major allele frequency, gene diversity, and polymorphism information content were 0.498, 0.627, and 0.579, respectively. The population structure analysis based on the 200 SSR loci divided the maize germplasm into two primary groups with an admixed group. Moreover, this study identified, respectively, 85 SMTAs and 31 SMTAs using a general linear model (Q GLM) and a mixed linear model (Q  + K MLM) with statistically significant (p < 0.05 and <0.01) associations with the seven physiochemical traits (caffeic acid content, chlorogenic acid content, gallic acid content, ferulic acid content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity, leaf relative moisture content, total phenolic content). These SSR markers were highly correlated with one or more of the seven physiochemical traits. This study provides insights into the genetics of the 41 maize-inbred lines and their seven physiochemical traits and will be of assistance to breeders in the marker-assisted selection of maize for breeding programs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Breeding Tools for Crop Genetic Improvement)
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Review

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18 pages, 3597 KiB  
Review
Tools and Techniques to Accelerate Crop Breeding
by Krystal Williams, Mayavan Subramani, Lily W. Lofton, Miranda Penney, Antonette Todd and Gulnihal Ozbay
Plants 2024, 13(11), 1520; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13111520 - 31 May 2024
Viewed by 535
Abstract
As climate changes and a growing global population continue to escalate the need for greater production capabilities of food crops, technological advances in agricultural and crop research will remain a necessity. While great advances in crop improvement over the past century have contributed [...] Read more.
As climate changes and a growing global population continue to escalate the need for greater production capabilities of food crops, technological advances in agricultural and crop research will remain a necessity. While great advances in crop improvement over the past century have contributed to massive increases in yield, classic breeding schemes lack the rate of genetic gain needed to meet future demands. In the past decade, new breeding techniques and tools have been developed to aid in crop improvement. One such advancement is the use of speed breeding. Speed breeding is known as the application of methods that significantly reduce the time between crop generations, thereby streamlining breeding and research efforts. These rapid-generation advancement tactics help to accelerate the pace of crop improvement efforts to sustain food security and meet the food, feed, and fiber demands of the world’s growing population. Speed breeding may be achieved through a variety of techniques, including environmental optimization, genomic selection, CRISPR-Cas9 technology, and epigenomic tools. This review aims to discuss these prominent advances in crop breeding technologies and techniques that have the potential to greatly improve plant breeders’ ability to rapidly produce vital cultivars. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Breeding Tools for Crop Genetic Improvement)
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