Preparation and Application of Silica Polymer-Based Composite Coatings

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Composites and Nanocomposites".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 November 2023) | Viewed by 14366

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
Interests: coatings; corrosion; phytochemistry; homogeneous catalysis; computational chemistry

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
Interests: polymer nanocomposites; conducting polymer coatings; epoxy based formulations; surface modification of metallic materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Hybrid silica sol–gel materials have attracted a great amount of interest in the area of functional materials and protective coatings. These materials have been reported as a reliable alternative for chromate coatings for pure metals and their alloys, and their unique chemical and physical bonding allows for a strong adhesion at the coating/metal interfaces. Moreover, the good chemical stability in strongly corrosive media, abrasive resistance, transparency, and favorable electrochemical properties are additional interesting properties of these hybrid materials. They can also be functionalized with certain additives such as inhibitors, biocides, and fillers that can induce advantageous desired mechanical, anticorrosion, and antimicrobial properties to the base silica coating. This collection covers all topics related to the science and technology of silica composite coatings, including synthesis, characterization, functionalization, and final applications, among others. Research on various synthetic methodologies for hybrid sol–gel polymeric materials, as well as their (nano)composites, is considered in this topic collection with the aim of sharing knowledge related to the latest advances in hybrid silica-based materials.

Dr. Suleiman Rami K.
Dr. Arumugam Madhan kumar
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • sol–gel
  • hybrid polymers
  • polysiloxanes
  • biofouling
  • characterization
  • applications
  • synthesis
  • functionalization

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 6690 KiB  
Article
Influence of Waste Material Additives on the Performance of a Novel Hybrid Sol-Gel Coating on Mild Steel in 3.5% NaCl Medium
by Rami K. Suleiman, Akeem Y. Adesina, Ogunlakin Nasirudeen Olalekan, Arumugam Madhan Kumar, Fadi A. Al-Badour and Sowrirajan Subbaiah
Polymers 2023, 15(13), 2842; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15132842 - 27 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1152
Abstract
This article presents the synthesis of a novel hybrid sol-gel coating and its functionalization with various waste material additives. The unmodified and modified hybrid coatings were deposited on mild steel (MS) substrates, and their anticorrosion performance in a 3.5 wt.% sodium chloride corrosive [...] Read more.
This article presents the synthesis of a novel hybrid sol-gel coating and its functionalization with various waste material additives. The unmodified and modified hybrid coatings were deposited on mild steel (MS) substrates, and their anticorrosion performance in a 3.5 wt.% sodium chloride corrosive environment was assessed using potentiodynamic polarization and impedance electrochemical techniques. The Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) spectral, thermal, surface-roughness, scratch-resistance, and contact-angle characterizations were also conducted on the fabricated coatings. Electrochemical techniques proved that the coating sample loaded with the limestone additive showed the best anticorrosion behavior in the saline environment after 4 weeks of exposure. Moreover, the obtained morphological analysis data indicated better surface integrity and cross-link density for this sample compared to other waste-modified coatings. Conversely, the tire rubber and activated carbon additives showed a severe negative impact on the thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties of the parent coating, which can be attributed to the high porosity and less integrated natures of these modified coating formulations proved by their morphological images. Still, all loaded waste additives to the hybrid coating have enhanced its adhesion to the steel surface, as indicated by scratch resistance testing. Overall, the results of the present study show the need for maintaining a balance between the economic value of the modification methodology of hybrid coatings and the type of the loaded waste material additive. Full article
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16 pages, 6439 KiB  
Article
Novel Functional Glass–Ceramic Coatings on Titanium Substrates from Glass Powders and Reactive Silicone Binders
by Hamada Elsayed, Rachele Bertolini, Lisa Biasetto, Paulina Ożóg, Jozef Kraxner, Dušan Galusek and Enrico Bernardo
Polymers 2022, 14(19), 4016; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14194016 - 26 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2144
Abstract
‘Silica-defective glasses’, combined with a silicone binder, have been already shown as a promising solution for the manufacturing of glass–ceramics with complex geometries. A fundamental advantage is the fact that, after holding glass powders together from room temperature up to the firing temperature, [...] Read more.
‘Silica-defective glasses’, combined with a silicone binder, have been already shown as a promising solution for the manufacturing of glass–ceramics with complex geometries. A fundamental advantage is the fact that, after holding glass powders together from room temperature up to the firing temperature, the binder does not completely disappear. More precisely, it converts into silica when heat-treated in air. A specified ‘target’ glass–ceramic formulation results from the interaction between glass powders and the binder-derived silica. The present paper is dedicated to the extension of the approach to the coating of titanium substrates (to be used for dental and orthopedic applications), with a bioactive wollastonite–diopside glass–ceramic layer, by the simple airbrushing of suspensions of glass powders in alcoholic silicone solutions. The interaction between glass and silica from the decomposition of the binder led to crack-free glass–ceramic coatings, upon firing in air; in argon, the glass/silicone mixtures yielded novel composite coatings, embedding pyrolytic carbon. The latter phase enabled the absorption of infrared radiation from the coating, which is useful for disinfection purposes. Full article
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17 pages, 4434 KiB  
Article
Structural Properties of Epoxy–Silica Barrier Coatings for Corrosion Protection of Reinforcing Steel
by Mayara Carla Uvida, Adriana de Araújo Almeida, Sandra Helena Pulcinelli, Celso Valentim Santilli and Peter Hammer
Polymers 2022, 14(17), 3474; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14173474 - 25 Aug 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2179
Abstract
Reinforcement steel extensively applied in civil construction is susceptible to corrosion due to the carbonation process in reinforced concrete and chloride ions diffusion. Epoxy-silica-based coatings are a promising option to guarantee the long-term stability of reinforced concrete structures. In this study, the influence [...] Read more.
Reinforcement steel extensively applied in civil construction is susceptible to corrosion due to the carbonation process in reinforced concrete and chloride ions diffusion. Epoxy-silica-based coatings are a promising option to guarantee the long-term stability of reinforced concrete structures. In this study, the influence of the proportion between the poly (bisphenol-A-co-epichlorhydrin) resin (DGEBA) and the curing agent diethylenetriamine (DETA) on the structural, morphological, and barrier properties of epoxy–silica nanocomposites were evaluated. To simulate different stages of concrete aging, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) assays were performed for coated samples in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution (pH 7) and in simulated concrete pore solutions (SCPS), which represent the hydration environment in fresh concrete (SCPS2, pH 14) and after carbonation (SCPS1, pH 8). The results showed that coatings with an intermediate DETA to DGEBA ratio of 0.4, presented the best long-term corrosion protection with a low-frequency impedance modulus of up to 3.8 GΩ cm2 in NaCl and SCPS1 solutions. Small-angle X-ray scattering and atomic force microscopy analysis revealed that the best performance observed for the intermediate DETA proportion is associated with the presence of larger silica nanodomains, which act as a filler in the cross-linked epoxy matrix, thus favoring the formation of an efficient diffusion barrier. Full article
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19 pages, 4889 KiB  
Article
Carbon Fiber/PLA Recycled Composite
by Salem Al Zahmi, Saif Alhammadi, Amged ElHassan and Waleed Ahmed
Polymers 2022, 14(11), 2194; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14112194 - 28 May 2022
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 6143
Abstract
Due exceptional properties such as its high-temperature resistance, mechanical characteristics, and relatively lower price, the demand for carbon fiber has been increasing over the past years. The widespread use of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers or plastics (CFRP) has attracted many industries. However, on the other [...] Read more.
Due exceptional properties such as its high-temperature resistance, mechanical characteristics, and relatively lower price, the demand for carbon fiber has been increasing over the past years. The widespread use of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers or plastics (CFRP) has attracted many industries. However, on the other hand, the increasing demand for carbon fibers has created a waste recycling problem that must be overcome. In this context, increasing plastic waste from the new 3D printing technology has been increased, contributing to a greater need for recycling efforts. This research aims to produce a recycled composite made from different carbon fiber leftover resources to reinforce the increasing waste of Polylactic acid (PLA) as a promising solution to the growing demand for both materials. Two types of leftover carbon fiber waste from domestic industries are handled: carbon fiber waste (CF) and carbon fiber-reinforced composite (CFRP). Two strategies are adopted to produce the recycled composite material, mixing PLA waste with CF one time and with CFRP the second time. The recycled composites are tested under tensile test conditions to investigate the impact of the waste carbon reinforcement on PLA properties. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is carried out on composites to study their thermal properties. Full article
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15 pages, 3101 KiB  
Article
Anticorrosion Properties of a Novel Hybrid Sol–Gel Coating on Aluminum 3003 Alloy
by Rami K. Suleiman, Akeem Y. Adesina, Arumugam Madhan Kumar, Mohammad Mizanur Rahman, Fadi A. Al-Badour and Bassam El Ali
Polymers 2022, 14(9), 1798; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14091798 - 28 Apr 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1963
Abstract
In this study, a novel hybrid sol–gel coating on AA3003 substrate was developed and the effects of various waste material additives on the reinforcement of the sol–gel coating and the anticorrosion properties in the saline medium were investigated. Egg shell, crumb rubber, activated [...] Read more.
In this study, a novel hybrid sol–gel coating on AA3003 substrate was developed and the effects of various waste material additives on the reinforcement of the sol–gel coating and the anticorrosion properties in the saline medium were investigated. Egg shell, crumb rubber, activated carbon obtained for pyrolysis of waste rubber tire, waste rubber tire, cement kiln dust, and ST100 additives were tested as reinforcement materials. The AFM characterization results of the coating formulations on AA3003 alloy revealed enhanced roughness values for the modified coatings as compared to the base coating. Similarly, no significant changes were detected in the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) absorption peaks of the hybrid polymeric material upon loading it with the waste additives, while slight changes in the hydrophobic properties of the final modified coatings were observed as a result of the modification process. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results revealed that the hybrid sol–gel coating had a promising potential for the protection of the AA3003 substrate against corrosion in the saline medium. However, the loaded additives negatively affected the corrosion resistance properties of the parent hybrid sol–gel coating. For instance, the egg shell additive had the least negative effect on the barrier properties, whereas the cured coating layer of the sample loaded with cement and clay additives showed some disintegration, inhomogeneity, and low barrier properties on the metal surface. Full article
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