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Sustainability
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Advanced Adsorption Materials for Sustainable Environmental Remediation
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Advanced Adsorption Materials for Sustainable Environmental Remediation

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Pollution Prevention, Mitigation and Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 8054

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jarosław Chwastowski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analytics, Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
Interests: heavy metal bioremediation; biotechnology; adsorption; kinetics; isotherms; microorganisms; microbiology
Dr. Paweł Staroń

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analytics, Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
Interests: adsorption; kinetics; isotherms; organic sorbents

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Increasing knowledge about the heavy meals toxicity and legal requirements for industrial emissions reduction has led scientists to an intense R&D activity in the area of wastewater treatment. Various aqueous solutions of heavy metal ions are used in industries, such as metal processing, electroplating, tanning, etc.. The presence of different heavy metals in nature is one of the main dangers and threats to various plant species, as well as many animal species. Moreover, it also has a negative impact on human health. Heavy metals are capable of causing serious changes in the body and acute poisoning. Heavy metals, such as lead, cadmium, chromium, and mercury, belongs to the group of very toxic metals. The negative impact of these compounds may become apparent after some time; this depends on the dose to which the individual has been exposed and the duration of exposure. In most cases, toxic compounds are delivered to the digestive system by humans and animals together with food. It is particularly dangerous to grow agricultural products in industrial areas and near busy roads because of the increased accumulation of these compounds in the products, which then are sold. Apart from that, there are also other ways of getting toxic compounds into our bodies, such as penetration through the skin or direct inhalation with air. A sorption is a cost-effective option for the removal of toxic compounds from the aqueous solutions. The use of biological materials, including living and non-living organisms in the processes of removal and remediation of toxic metals has gained crucial credibility in recent years due to their good performance, ease of use, and universal access.

The aim of the Special Issue is to encourage researchers to publish their experimental, computational, and theoretical research relating to natural and applied sciences, and engineering, in detail to promote scientific and other understanding and to permit predictions and impact assessments of global change and development related to adsorption materials and sorption processes for removal of toxic compounds from aqueous solutions. As a transdisciplinary journal, Sustainability encourages researchers to provide full experimental and methodological details so that results can be reproduced and assessed. The journal supports open access.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include the following:

  • Organic sorbents;
  • Inorganic sorbents;
  • Adsorption processes;
  • Sorption Kinetics;
  • Heavy metal bioremediation;
  • Environmental remediation by sorption processes;
  • Aqueous waste remediation;
  • Isotherm and kinetic studies.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Jarosław Chwastowski
Dr. Paweł Staroń
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • adsorption
  • bioremediation
  • equilibrium
  • kinetics
  • biotechnology

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 3229 KiB  
Article
Biosorption Capability of Chitosan for Removal of Cs-137 and/or Co-60 from Radioactive Waste Solution Simulates
by Hazem H. Mahmoud, Samir B. Eskander and Hosam M. Saleh
Sustainability 2024, 16(3), 1104; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16031104 - 27 Jan 2024
Viewed by 858
Abstract
Biosorption is an impurity-free application developed from the use of nuclear technology for peaceful purposes in everyday life and can be used to treat wastewater streams contaminated with various radionuclides. In this study, a laboratory decontamination experimental approach was developed to apply commercial [...] Read more.
Biosorption is an impurity-free application developed from the use of nuclear technology for peaceful purposes in everyday life and can be used to treat wastewater streams contaminated with various radionuclides. In this study, a laboratory decontamination experimental approach was developed to apply commercial chitosan as a biosorbent applied for removing radiocesium (Cs-137) and/or radiocobalt (Co-60) from spiked aqueous media. The factors assumed to affect the biosorption of both radionuclides included contact time, pH, and initial radioactivity content. In addition, the biosorbent dose and temperature of the process were studied. Both the biosorption capacity and the biosorption efficiency of the treatment process were calculated. According to FT-IR analysis, it can be assumed that the chitosan amine group (-NH2) is almost accountable for the biosorption of both radionuclides from waste solution simulates. Based on the data obtained, commercial chitosan can be considered an economical and efficient biosorbent for handling low- and medium-level radioactive wastewater streams containing cesium and/or cobalt radionuclides. The acquired data showed that 144 h is an adequate time to remove more than 94% of radiocobalt and about 93% of radiocesium, from a separate solution for each, at pH ~6.5 and using 0.5 g of commercial chitosan. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Adsorption Materials for Sustainable Environmental Remediation)
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13 pages, 3223 KiB  
Article
Sorption and Photocatalysis of Dyes on an Oil-Based Composite Enriched with Nanometric ZnO and TiO2
by Anita Staroń
Sustainability 2023, 15(15), 11874; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511874 - 2 Aug 2023
Viewed by 803
Abstract
Sustainable development and environmental protection are among the most important challenges facing humanity today. One important issue is the problem of groundwater and surface water pollution which can lead to the degradation of aquatic ecosystems and negatively affect human health. As a result, [...] Read more.
Sustainable development and environmental protection are among the most important challenges facing humanity today. One important issue is the problem of groundwater and surface water pollution which can lead to the degradation of aquatic ecosystems and negatively affect human health. As a result, new methods and materials are being sought that can help remove contaminants from water in an efficient and environmentally friendly manner. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in composite materials made from used cooking oil. This paper presents attempts to obtain composite materials with the addition of nano-sized zinc oxide and titanium oxide. The characterization of the composite materials was performed using FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDS; their sorption and photocatalytic abilities were studied using batch mode experiments. The materials obtained exhibited sorption and photocatalytic properties. The highest value of photodegradation efficiency of more than 70% was recorded for the oil composite containing 20% zinc oxide. Composites containing 10% zinc oxide and titanium oxide had comparable sorption efficiencies of about 45% but different photodegradation efficiencies of 0.52% and 15.42%, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Adsorption Materials for Sustainable Environmental Remediation)
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18 pages, 5974 KiB  
Article
Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies on the Adsorption of Lead and Cadmium from Aqueous Solution Using Scenedesmus sp.
by Rooma Waqar, Muhammad Kaleem, Javed Iqbal, Lubna Anjum Minhas, Muhammad Haris, Wadie Chalgham, Ajaz Ahmad and Abdul Samad Mumtaz
Sustainability 2023, 15(7), 6024; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15076024 - 30 Mar 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1865
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the viability and characteristics of Scenedesmus sp. as an adsorbent system to remove lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) through an in vitro exposure to a metal solution. In batch sorption experiments, the effects of pH, contact time, [...] Read more.
The current study aimed to investigate the viability and characteristics of Scenedesmus sp. as an adsorbent system to remove lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) through an in vitro exposure to a metal solution. In batch sorption experiments, the effects of pH, contact time, initial concentration of metal ions, and sorbent dosage on the adsorption process were trialed. The ideal biosorption conditions for each of the two metals were recorded. The biosorption process was quick, and the equilibrium times for the above-mentioned metals were recorded as 90 and 60 min, with removal percentages of 85% and 83%, respectively. The point zero charge of algal biomass was 4.5, which indicates a negative charge on the surface of the biosorbent. The model-based assessment of the biosorption process was revealed to have followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The adsorption isotherms for lead and cadmium achieved a best fit with the Langmuir model, with monolayer biosorption capacities of 102 and 128 mg g−1, respectively. The desorption of both metals achieved more than 70% by using HCl. The FT-IR revealed the presence of hydroxyl and amine groups on the surface of the adsorbent that are involved in the biosorption process, and morphological changes were assessed by SEM. Hence, Scenedesmus sp. from a Himalayan provenance showed considerable promise as an alternate sorbent for the treatment of heavy-metal-contaminated wastewater. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Adsorption Materials for Sustainable Environmental Remediation)
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12 pages, 2752 KiB  
Article
Green Synthesis of Nickel and Copper Nanoparticles Doped with Silver from Hammada scoparia Leaf Extract and Evaluation of Their Potential to Inhibit Microorganisms and to Remove Dyes from Aqueous Solutions
by Omayma Bouzekri, Sabah El Gamouz, Abdelaziz Ed-Dra, Hamou Moussout, Younes Dehmani, Hamid Ziyat, Mostafa El Idrissi, M’barek Choukrad and Sadik Abouarnadasse
Sustainability 2023, 15(2), 1541; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021541 - 13 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2005
Abstract
Hammada scoparia (Pomel) is a powerful plant with important biological properties. In this study, we report on the green synthesis of silver-doped nickel and copper nanoparticles (NPs) in the presence of H. scoparia leaf extract using a self-propagating sol–gel autocombustion process. The synthesized [...] Read more.
Hammada scoparia (Pomel) is a powerful plant with important biological properties. In this study, we report on the green synthesis of silver-doped nickel and copper nanoparticles (NPs) in the presence of H. scoparia leaf extract using a self-propagating sol–gel autocombustion process. The synthesized NiO, CuO, Ag-NiO, and Ag-CuO NPs were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Afterward, they were tested for their antimicrobial activity as well as their potential to remove dyes from aqueous solutions using adsorption processes for malachite green (MG) and photocatalytic degradation for methylene blue (MB). Our results showed that the mass of the adsorbent had a significant effect on the adsorption rate, which increased to reach a maximum value of 98%. The Ag-CuO NP showed the best final conversion of MB (97.95%) compared to NiO, CuO, and Ag-NiO. In addition, we noted that the NPs doped with silver had the best performance in the removal of dyes. These results indicated that the photocatalytic performance was significantly improved after the addition of silver. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity showed that the studied NPs had moderate activity against the tested bacteria and a weak activity or were ineffective against Candida albicans. Therefore, the green synthesis of NPs from H. scoparia leaf extract is considered a sustainable alternative to removing dyes from aqueous solutions. However, further investigation should be performed on the other dyes to understand the overall effectiveness of these NPs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Adsorption Materials for Sustainable Environmental Remediation)
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13 pages, 14795 KiB  
Article
Bioremediation of Crystal Violet by Organic Matter and Assessment of Antimicrobial Properties of the Obtained Product
by Jarosław Chwastowski, Paweł Staroń, Ewa Pięta and Czesława Paluszkiewicz
Sustainability 2023, 15(1), 67; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15010067 - 21 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1773
Abstract
The study investigated the waste beet pulp shreds for the use as a sorbent for removing crystal violet dye from aqueous solutions and investigating the antimicrobial properties of the obtained material. During the preparation of the BPSCV (beet pulp shreds with adsorbed crystal [...] Read more.
The study investigated the waste beet pulp shreds for the use as a sorbent for removing crystal violet dye from aqueous solutions and investigating the antimicrobial properties of the obtained material. During the preparation of the BPSCV (beet pulp shreds with adsorbed crystal violet) material, the equilibrium and kinetic studies of the crystal violet dye (CV) sorption process on BPS were carried out. The equilibrium tests allowed for the selection of the best-fitted isotherm model and the determination of the sorption capacity of the material. It turned out that the Langmuir isotherm model had the best fit (R2 > 0.98) and the sorption capacity equaled 28.07 mg/g. The pseudo-second-order model R2 > 0.999 (obtained from kinetic studies) and FT-IR analysis confirmed that the sorption process of the CV on BPS is chemical. The minimal growth inhibition antimicrobial tests showed that the obtained material inhibits the growth of chosen microorganisms. Escherichia coli (MIC = 500 ppm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 300 ppm) are more resistant to BPSCV than Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 100 ppm). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Adsorption Materials for Sustainable Environmental Remediation)
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