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Applications of Minimally Invasive Imaging Techniques in Cultural Heritage
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Applications of Minimally Invasive Imaging Techniques in Cultural Heritage

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Tourism, Culture, and Heritage".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 8213

Special Issue Editor

Dr. George Filippidis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Interests: LIFS for medical diagnostics; elucidation of molecular mechanisms and biological processes by employing various spectroscopic techniques with emphasis on advanced microscopic modalities; optical characterization of tissue; nanosurgery; implementation of non-linear image contrast modalities (MPEF, SHG, THG) as diagnostic tools for CH studies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Optical imaging contrast modalities are powerful diagnostic tools for Cultural Heritage (CH) studies, facilitating the accurate control of cleaning interventions. Minimal or non invasive imaging techniques have the potential to provide new insights for the assessment of appropriate conservation methods that have to be applied for various CH objects of high artistic or cultural significance. CH artifacts can strongly benefit from the availability of minimally invasive approaches, providing fruitful key information such as determination of the different layers, their precise thickness or surface topography, revealing the hidden objects and the cracks in the layers, etc.

The aim of this Special Issue is to present recent advances of the applications of relatively new, minimally invasive imaging methods as diagnostic tools in the service of CH for the in situ analysis and studies in real objects. We are interested in original papers and reviews that address the development, optimization and implementation of imaging techniques for obtaining novel and complementary information from various multicomposition, multilayered CH objects and substrates.

Techniques include, but are not limited to the following:

  • Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
  • Raman spectroscopy
  • Laser induced Fluorescence (LIF)
  • THz
  • Multi-spectral
  • Non-linear
  • Photoacoustic
  • Diffuse Reflectance
  • Interferometric

Dr. George Filippidis
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • optical imaging
  • minimally invasive techniques
  • diagnosis
  • new insights for Cultural Heritage studies

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3647 KiB  
Article
In-Depth Analysis of Egg-Tempera Paint Layers by Multiphoton Excitation Fluorescence Microscopy
by Alice Dal Fovo, Mikel Sanz, Mohamed Oujja, Raffaella Fontana, Sara Mattana, Riccardo Cicchi, Piotr Targowski, Marcin Sylwestrzak, Aldo Romani, Chiara Grazia, George Filippidis, Sotiris Psilodimitrakopoulos, Andreas Lemonis and Marta Castillejo
Sustainability 2020, 12(9), 3831; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093831 - 8 May 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4244
Abstract
The non-invasive depth-resolved imaging of pictorial layers in paintings by means of linear optical techniques represents a challenge in the field of Cultural Heritage (CH). The presence of opaque and/or highly-scattering materials may obstruct the penetration of the radiation probe, thus impeding the [...] Read more.
The non-invasive depth-resolved imaging of pictorial layers in paintings by means of linear optical techniques represents a challenge in the field of Cultural Heritage (CH). The presence of opaque and/or highly-scattering materials may obstruct the penetration of the radiation probe, thus impeding the visualization of the stratigraphy of paintings. Nonlinear Optical Microscopy (NLOM), which makes use of tightly-focused femtosecond pulsed lasers as illumination sources, is an emerging technique for the analysis of painted objects enabling micrometric three-dimensional (3D) resolution with good penetration capability in semi-transparent materials. In this work, we evaluated the potential of NLOM, specifically in the modality of Multi-Photon Excitation Fluorescence (MPEF), to probe the stratigraphy of egg-tempera mock-up paintings. A multi-analytical non-invasive approach, involving ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) Fiber Optics Reflectance Spectroscopy, Vis-NIR photoluminescence, and Laser Induced Fluorescence, yielded key-information for the characterization of the constituting materials and for the interpretation of the nonlinear results. Furthermore, the use of three nonlinear optical systems allowed evaluation of the response of the analyzed paints to different excitation wavelengths and photon doses, which proved useful for the definition of the most suitable measurement conditions. The micrometric thickness of the paint layers, which was not measurable by means of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), was instead assessed by MPEF, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of this nonlinear modality in probing highly-scattering media, while ensuring the minimal photochemical disturbance to the examined materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Minimally Invasive Imaging Techniques in Cultural Heritage)
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19 pages, 1732 KiB  
Article
Non-Linear Microscopy: A Well-Established Technique for Biological Applications towards Serving as a Diagnostic Tool for in situ Cultural Heritage Studies
by Meropi Mari and George Filippidis
Sustainability 2020, 12(4), 1409; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12041409 - 14 Feb 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3410
Abstract
A range of sophisticated imaging techniques have been developed in recent years that can reveal the surface structure of cultural heritage objects with varying precision. In combination with various spectroscopic methods, they allow the study of the chemical composition of the object; thus, [...] Read more.
A range of sophisticated imaging techniques have been developed in recent years that can reveal the surface structure of cultural heritage objects with varying precision. In combination with various spectroscopic methods, they allow the study of the chemical composition of the object; thus, conclusions can be drawn about the origin of the object or its initial components, method, or time of creation, authenticity, mechanisms of degradation, and ways of further conservation. At present, different techniques can be applied to a wide range of cultural heritage objects, such as varnishes, paintings, archaeological objects, binding media, paper-based documents, parchments, marbles, frescoes, as well as various objects made of leather, fabric, stone, ceramics and glass, wood, or metal. One of the main needs in the study of cultural heritage (CH) is the transportability/portability of the research equipment, since many pieces under investigation cannot be moved to the laboratory, either because of their size, inseparability (for example, frescoes on walls, mural paintings in caves), or the threat of damage. In this work, we briefly overview the main optical- and laser-based methods used for the study of cultural heritage objects indicating the scope of their application, and we focus on the applications of non-linear microscopic methods for the investigation of a series of artifacts. We also discuss all the requirements for the construction of a prototype transportable non-linear optical system that will be used as a novel diagnostic tool for in situ studies of CH assets. The availability of such a transportable workstation will significantly improve the study and characterization of various types of CH objects and will constitute an extremely useful diagnostic tool for heritage scientists dealing with a variety of investigations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Minimally Invasive Imaging Techniques in Cultural Heritage)
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