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Oasis Agricultural Ecology and Sustainable Development and Utilization of Oasis Resources

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Agriculture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 7997

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Fenghua Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
Interests: oasis ecosystem; water–salt dynamic transport; saline improvement; water-saving irrigation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Zhibo Cheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi (832000), China
Interests: oasis ecology and efficient use of agricultural resources
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Weichao Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi (832000), China
Interests: oasis ecological agriculture resources and environment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Oases in arid climates have a unique ecological function and production efficiency based on a clever combination of abundant water resources in the upper mountainous regions and their own superior light and heat resources. The special combination of light, heat, water and soil has formed a unique oasis agriculture with superior conditions for establishing high quality, high yield and high efficiency agriculture. Oases are the only special ecosystem that can effectively counteract arid climatic conditions. The theme of this special issue is "Oasis Agricultural Resources Utilization and Sustainable Development". It focuses on both the environmental problems of oasis resources in arid areas and the development of oasis agriculture. It comprehensively reflects the new achievements, theories, methods and technologies in the research of oasis agricultural resources utilization in arid and semi-arid areas. Focusing on the theme of "Oasis Agricultural Resources Utilization and Sustainable Development", the journal attaches importance to the rational exploitation of light, heat, water, soil, biology and other resources as well as the development of oasis agriculture. The journal mainly publishes innovative and practical research papers, research briefs, literature reviews, and snapshots of the latest research developments in the fields of oasis process and its environmental effects, oasis ecology and resource exploitation, oasisization response to global change, water-saving irrigation theory and technology, oasis water and salt dynamic process, and oasis agricultural farming and cultivation.

Prof. Dr. Fenghua Zhang
Dr. Zhibo Cheng
Dr. Weichao Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Arid Zone
  • oasis agriculture
  • resource utilization
  • sustainable development
  • ecology

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 851 KiB  
Article
Effects of Planting Density and Nitrogen (N) Application Rate on Light Energy Utilization and Yield of Maize
by Chuntong Meng, Zhaoyue Wang, Ying Cai, Fengyi Du, Jinyang Chen and Chunhua Xiao
Sustainability 2022, 14(24), 16707; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416707 - 13 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1803
Abstract
Planting density and N fertilizer application amount directly affect the planting quality of maize. Therefore, this study analyzed the impact of these two factors on light energy utilization and yield. The field experiment was carried out with Xinyu 57 maize as the experimental [...] Read more.
Planting density and N fertilizer application amount directly affect the planting quality of maize. Therefore, this study analyzed the impact of these two factors on light energy utilization and yield. The field experiment was carried out with Xinyu 57 maize as the experimental variety. An experiment was set up with four different planting densities and three different N fertilizer concentrations. The light use efficiency, productivity, and growth of maize were observed. The effects of planting density and N fertilization on light use efficiency at the heading stage were analyzed in detail. Finally, it was concluded that high-density planting and the proper application of N fertilizer can significantly improve the light energy efficiency and yield of maize. High-density planting has a significant effect on corn light energy utilization. Increasing N fertilizer can improve the photosynthetic characteristics of plants, increase the content of photosynthetic pigments in maize ear leaves, and improve the utilization rate of light energy and yield. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oasis Agricultural Ecology and Sustainable Development and Utilization of Oasis Resources)
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13 pages, 4039 KiB  
Article
Effects of Climate and Land Use Change on Agricultural Water Consumption in Baicheng County
by Qin Zhang, Chunfang Yue, Yizhen Li and Xin Hu
Sustainability 2022, 14(21), 13746; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142113746 - 24 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1182
Abstract
Changes in climate and land type directly affect the transformation and utilization of regional water resources. To analyze the evolutionary characteristics and drivers of agricultural water consumption (AWC) in arid regions, the Baicheng County is selected as an example. Based on the meteorological [...] Read more.
Changes in climate and land type directly affect the transformation and utilization of regional water resources. To analyze the evolutionary characteristics and drivers of agricultural water consumption (AWC) in arid regions, the Baicheng County is selected as an example. Based on the meteorological and land use/cover data from 1990 to 2020, the Penman–Monteith model and sensitivity method were used for analysis. The results show that: (1) The water consumption of major crops during the growth period was increasing, which was caused by climate change and changes in agricultural planting structure. (2) The sensitivity of AWC to meteorological factors was as follows: mean temperature (1.56) > mean wind speed (0.6) > precipitation (−0.12) > sunshine duration (−0.06). Temperature and wind speed were the dominant factors contributing to increased water consumption in oasis agriculture. (3) The change in land type was more obvious, mainly in cultivated land and urban and rural residential land with obvious growth, while the area of water area, forestland, and grassland showed a decreasing trend. In the past 30 years, the increase in cultivated land has reached 24.32%. The increase in cultivated land area was an important reason for the increase in AWC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oasis Agricultural Ecology and Sustainable Development and Utilization of Oasis Resources)
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13 pages, 1153 KiB  
Article
Potassium Determines Sugar Beets’ Yield and Sugar Content under Drip Irrigation Condition
by Xiangwen Xie, Qianqian Zhu, Yongmei Xu, Xiaopeng Ma, Feng Ding and Guangyong Li
Sustainability 2022, 14(19), 12520; https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912520 - 30 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1447
Abstract
Sugar beet is one of the main sugar crops and an important cash crop in the three northern regions of China (Northeast China, North China, and Northwest China). As an arid region, Xinjiang lacks water resources. The establishment of a reasonable drip-irrigation system [...] Read more.
Sugar beet is one of the main sugar crops and an important cash crop in the three northern regions of China (Northeast China, North China, and Northwest China). As an arid region, Xinjiang lacks water resources. The establishment of a reasonable drip-irrigation system for sugar beet in Xinjiang can not only achieve the goal of high quality and high yield, but is also crucial for the efficient utilization of water and fertilizer. This research was implemented in the experimental field of the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences’ Sugar Beet Improvement Center in Manas County, Xinjiang, from the year 2019. Taking ST 15140 sugar beet as the experimental variety, a field study was conducted to investigate the effects of different irrigation and fertilization methods on the yield and sugar content of sugar beets. Ten treatments of two irrigation levels (W1: 4500 m3 ha−1, W2: 5400 m3 ha−1) and five fertilization methods (F1, F2, F3, F4, and F5) were carried out in a randomized block design with three replications. The yield and sugar content; growth indicators such as leaf photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content and intercellular CO2 concentration; and fertilizer-use efficiency (nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE), phosphorus-use efficiency (PUE), and potassium-use efficiency (KUE)) during the sugar beet growing seasons were determined. The results indicated that the W1F3 (4500 m3 ha−1, N 229.5 kg ha−1 + P2O5 180 kg ha−1 + K2O 202.5 kg ha−1 + hydroquinone 229.5 g ha−1) treatment had the highest yield and sugar content of 132.20 Mg ha−1 and 15.61%, respectively. For crop growth indicators, the photosynthetic rate (33.27 μmol m−2 s−1) and the stomatal conductance (252.67 mmol m−2 s−1) under W1F3 were both the highest among all of the treatments. The fertilizer-use efficiency in W1F3 was in the following order: KUE > NUE > PUE. The highest KUE (128.10%) and NUE (65.49%) occurred under W1F3 at the sugar accumulation stage of the crop growing season. In addition, K determined the yield and sugar content of sugar beet by influencing growth factors such as the photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, intercellular CO2 concentration, along with the KUE, which explained 30.2%, 5.1%, 10%, and 14.7% of the variation in yield and sugar content, respectively. The results of this study indicated that the application of an inhibitor with optimized-minus-N fertilization under lower irrigation (W1F3) was the optimal treatment. Above all, K determined the yield and sugar contents of sugar beets, emphasizing the pivotal role of K in the growth, physiological processes, and output of sugar beets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oasis Agricultural Ecology and Sustainable Development and Utilization of Oasis Resources)
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14 pages, 1912 KiB  
Article
Fertilization Regulates Grape Yield and Quality in by Altering Soil Nutrients and the Microbial Community
by Qianqian Zhu, Xiangwen Xie and Yongmei Xu
Sustainability 2022, 14(17), 10857; https://doi.org/10.3390/su141710857 - 31 Aug 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1514
Abstract
Rational fertilization is a win-win strategy for rural incomes and environmental restoration in ecologically fragile regions. However, the long-term cumulative grape productivity response to soil fertility has rarely been quantified. Here, long-term fertilization experiments (over 15 years) in the desert–oasis transitional zone of [...] Read more.
Rational fertilization is a win-win strategy for rural incomes and environmental restoration in ecologically fragile regions. However, the long-term cumulative grape productivity response to soil fertility has rarely been quantified. Here, long-term fertilization experiments (over 15 years) in the desert–oasis transitional zone of Sinkiang, China, were used to evaluate the interactions among grape yield, quality, fertilization, soil nutrients, and microbial communities. There were five treatments, as follows: CK0 (no planting and no fertilizing); NP (synthetic nitrogen and phosphorus); M (manure only); NPM1 (0.25 times NP and 0.33 times M); and NPM2 (NP and 0.5 times M). The grape yield increased with the application of total nitrogen. The soluble solids and reducing sugar contents had significant positive linear correlations with grape yield, but the opposite trend was found between grape yield and titratable acidity and tannin contents. The redundancy analysis showed that fertilization, soil nutrients (soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, and dissolved organic nitrogen), and microbial communities (ratio of fungi to bacteria, ratio of Gram-negative bacteria to Gram-positive bacteria, and total phospholipid fatty acids) accounted for 31.9%, 19.7%, and 26.8% of the grape yield and nutritional ingredients, respectively. The path analysis identified that fertilization, soil nutrients, and the microbial communities were significantly positively associated with the grape yield, soluble solids, and reducing sugars, while their associations with titratable acidity, tannins, and phenols were significantly negative. These results suggested that fertilization is a viable strategy for regulating grape yields and grape quality because it alters soil fertility in ecologically fragile regions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oasis Agricultural Ecology and Sustainable Development and Utilization of Oasis Resources)
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17 pages, 5738 KiB  
Article
Research on Coupling and Coordination of Agro-Ecological and Agricultural Economic Systems in the Ebinur Lake Basin
by Lei Yao, Abudureheman Halike, Qianqian Wei, Hua Tang and Buweiayixiemu Tuheti
Sustainability 2022, 14(16), 10327; https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610327 - 19 Aug 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1319
Abstract
The Ebinur Lake Basin is an important ecological area in China. The sustainable development of the basin is imperative, particularly the coupling and coordination between the agro-ecological environment and economy. Six counties in the Ebinur Lake Basin were studied and CRITIC—the entropy weight [...] Read more.
The Ebinur Lake Basin is an important ecological area in China. The sustainable development of the basin is imperative, particularly the coupling and coordination between the agro-ecological environment and economy. Six counties in the Ebinur Lake Basin were studied and CRITIC—the entropy weight method used in the construction of regional agro-ecosystem and economic evaluation index systems for 2001–2021. The entropy weight method and coupling coordination were used to evaluate and analyze the systems. The results indicate that: (1) The integrated index grew slowly, increasing from 0.15 in 2000 to 0.18 in 2020. The agro-economic integrated index grew rapidly, increasing from 0.08 in 2000 to 0.25 in 2020. (2) High quality coupling was achieved from 2000 to 2010, with 50% superior coupling in 2010, which then decreased to reach 17% in 2020. (3) The agro-ecological–economic system coupling was high at 0.8; however, the coordination degree was low, at 0.36. (4) Most counties suffered from economic lag before 2010, with an average Ue/Us of 0.93 in 2010. Ecological lag has dominated since 2010, and the average Ue/Us value reached 1.48 in 2015. Coupling and coordinating the agro-ecological and economic systems is important for the sustainable development of local agriculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oasis Agricultural Ecology and Sustainable Development and Utilization of Oasis Resources)
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