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Toxics
Special Issues
Drug Metabolism and Toxicological Mechanisms
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Drug Metabolism and Toxicological Mechanisms

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Drugs Toxicity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 1401

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Qi Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Toxicology, Peking University, Beijing, China
Interests: cellular and computational toxicology
Dr. Youbo Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Interests: natural products analysis; pharmacological research; nuclear receptor function; metabolic diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. An Zhu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Centre of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
Interests: drug toxicology; computational toxicology; epitranscriptomics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) processes are of importance in understanding how the body disposes and responds to drugs. These processes play a pivotal role in assessing the efficacy and safety of drugs, while also enabling the prediction of potential adverse reactions or toxicities. A parent drug can undergo biotransformation by drug-metabolizing enzymes, leading to the formation of either toxic metabolites (metabolic activation) or non-toxic metabolites (detoxification). Thus, drug metabolism can be a key determinant of drug toxicity. Recently, new approach methodologies such as in silico methods, based on non-animal data, have been developed and applied in regulatory practices.

This Special Issue mainly focuses on drug metabolism and toxicological mechanisms. It extensively covers a range of topics, including drug metabolism, physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBK) modeling, toxicokinetics–toxicodynamics (TK–TD), ADME characterization, the identification and toxicity of metabolites, high-throughput pharmacokinetics (HT-PK), organ-specific toxicity, and toxicological mechanisms.

Prof. Dr. Qi Wang
Dr. Youbo Zhang
Dr. An Zhu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • drug metabolism
  • toxicity
  • mechanism
  • preclinical study
  • clinical trial

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 7132 KiB  
Article
Biochemical Toxicological Study of Insulin Overdose in Rats: A Forensic Perspective
by Cunhao Bian, Xin He, Qi Wang, Zhe Zheng, Yongtai Zhang, Hongli Xiong, Yongguo Li, Mingzhu Zhao and Jianbo Li
Toxics 2024, 12(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12010017 - 23 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1120
Abstract
Due to nonspecific pathological changes and the rapid degradation of insulin in postmortem blood samples, the identification of the cause of death during insulin overdose has always been a difficulty in forensic medicine. At present, there is a lack of studies on the [...] Read more.
Due to nonspecific pathological changes and the rapid degradation of insulin in postmortem blood samples, the identification of the cause of death during insulin overdose has always been a difficulty in forensic medicine. At present, there is a lack of studies on the toxicological changes and related mechanisms of an insulin overdose, and the specific molecular markers of insulin overdose are still unclear. In this study, an animal model of insulin overdose was established, and 24 SD rats were randomly divided into a control group, insulin overdose group, and a recovery group (n = 8). We detected the biochemical changes and analyzed the toxicological mechanism of an insulin overdose. The results showed that after insulin overdose, the rats developed irregular convulsions, Eclampsia, Opisthotonos, and other symptoms. The levels of glucose, glycogen, and C-peptide in the body decreased significantly, while the levels of lactate, insulin, and glucagon increased significantly. The decrease in plasma K+ was accompanied by the increase in skeletal muscle K+. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway was significantly activated in skeletal muscle, and the translocation of GLUT4/Na+-K+-ATPase to sarcolemma was significantly increased. Rare glycogenic hepatopathy occurred in the recovery group after insulin overdose. Our study showed that insulin overdose also plays a role in skeletal muscle cells, mainly through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, the detection of signaling pathway proteins of the skeletal muscle cell membrane GLUT4 and Na+-K+-ATPase has a certain auxiliary diagnostic value for forensic insulin overdose identification. Glycogen detection in the liver and skeletal muscle is important for the diagnosis of insulin overdose, but it still needs to be differentiated from other causes of death. Skeletal muscle has great potential for insulin detection, and the ratio of insulin to the C-peptide (I:C) can determine whether an exogenous insulin overdose is present. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drug Metabolism and Toxicological Mechanisms)
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