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Veterinary Sciences
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The Interface between Veterinary Management and Behavioral Management for Captive...
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The Interface between Veterinary Management and Behavioral Management for Captive Nonhuman Primates

A special issue of Veterinary Sciences (ISSN 2306-7381). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Education, Veterinary Communication and Animal Behavior".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 16 November 2024 | Viewed by 1870

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Elizabeth R. Magden

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Guest Editor
Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 650 Cool Water Dr., Bastrop, TX 78602, USA
Interests: nonhuman primate medicine; chimpanzees; laboratory animal; microbiology; pain; welfare; comparative medicine; cancer; baboons
Dr. Steven J. Schapiro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 650 Cool Water Dr., Bastrop, TX 78602, USA
Interests: nonhuman primate behavior; behavioral management; primate (especially) chimpanzee sociality; cognition; primate training

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Veterinarians and behavioral scientists have to work together to manage the lives and enhance the welfare of captive non-human primates. This involves virtually all aspects of the primates’ care and environment, including issues related to husbandry, health care, research participation, socialization, and environmental enrichment. All of the articles in this Special Issue will focus on situations in which veterinarians and behavioral scientists have collaborated to address issues related to the health and welfare of non-human primates maintained in captivity in laboratories, breeding colonies, zoos, and sanctuaries. All of the articles will be co-authored by the veterinarians and behavioral scientists who have worked, and continue to work, together. Articles will emphasize chimpanzees, baboons, macaques, and marmosets. Topics covered will focus on those issues that most directly address the specific purposes for which the nonhuman primates are living in captivity.

Dr. Elizabeth R. Magden
Dr. Steven J. Schapiro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Veterinary Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • behavioral
  • welfare
  • captivity
  • non-human primates
  • care
  • chimpanzees
  • baboons
  • macaques
  • marmosets

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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22 pages, 1508 KiB  
Article
Longitudinal Baboon (Papio anubis) Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and Correlations with Monthly Sedation Rate and Within-Group Sedation Order
by Sarah J. Neal, Steven J. Schapiro and Elizabeth R. Magden
Vet. Sci. 2024, 11(9), 423; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11090423 - 11 Sep 2024
Viewed by 222
Abstract
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple marker of stress and inflammation, but there is limited research regarding NLR in nonhuman primates (NHPs), with studies showing associations with longevity, certain medical conditions, and stressful circumstances. Here, we examined baboon NLR longitudinally, and [...] Read more.
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple marker of stress and inflammation, but there is limited research regarding NLR in nonhuman primates (NHPs), with studies showing associations with longevity, certain medical conditions, and stressful circumstances. Here, we examined baboon NLR longitudinally, and as a function of health parameters. We also examined whether NLR was affected by sedation rate, as well as the order of sedation within a group, given that sedation events during clinical and research practices can induce stress in NHPs. While older adult and geriatric baboon NLR did not differ longitudinally, juvenile and young adult NLR tended to increase, primarily driven by increases in females. Additionally, baboons sedated later within a group showed significantly higher NLRs than those sedated earlier in the process. However, baboons with higher sedation rates per month showed lower NLRs. These data indicate that NLR may be dysregulated in different ways as a function of different types of stress, with sedation order (i.e., acute stress) causing pathological increases in NLR, and sedation rate over time (i.e., chronic stress) causing decreases. Importantly, we propose that NLR, a routinely obtained veterinary measure, has potential utility as a welfare indicator of stress resulting from clinical and research practices, as well as a measure that can inform behavioral management practices and interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Interface between Veterinary Management and Behavioral Management for Captive Nonhuman Primates)
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12 pages, 789 KiB  
Article
Nursery- vs. Mother-Reared Baboons: Reproductive Success and Health Parameters
by Sarah J. Neal, Steven J. Schapiro, Susan P. Lambeth and Elizabeth R. Magden
Vet. Sci. 2024, 11(9), 416; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11090416 - 7 Sep 2024
Viewed by 381
Abstract
There is a plethora of data demonstrating the deleterious consequences of nursery rearing in nonhuman primates (NHPs). However, baboon studies report varying consequences of nursery rearing, from no differences in reproduction and sociality to moderate differences in social cognition and abnormal behavior. We [...] Read more.
There is a plethora of data demonstrating the deleterious consequences of nursery rearing in nonhuman primates (NHPs). However, baboon studies report varying consequences of nursery rearing, from no differences in reproduction and sociality to moderate differences in social cognition and abnormal behavior. We compared health and reproductive parameters in a large sample (N= 231) of mother-reared (MR) and nursery-reared (NR) captive olive baboons housed at the Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, Texas. MR baboons had higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios and heart rates than NR baboons. Rearing was not a significant predictor of body condition score or body weight (p > 0.20), and MR and NR individuals did not differ in the level of wounding observed (p > 0.70). The proportion of successful births across NR and MR females was also not significantly different (p > 0.70), nor were rates of maternal neglect and infant death. These data suggest minimal differences in health and reproductive parameters across rearing statuses in baboons housed at this facility. In conjunction with previous research that also seems to show minimal differences as a function of rearing in baboons, but directly contrast with data in other NHP species, these data suggest that baboons may be more robust against deleterious effects of abnormal rearing conditions than other NHP species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Interface between Veterinary Management and Behavioral Management for Captive Nonhuman Primates)
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15 pages, 1845 KiB  
Article
The Role of Behavioral Management in Enhancing Clinical Care and Efficiency, Minimizing Social Disruption, and Promoting Welfare in Captive Primates
by Scott H. Oppler, Sierra D. Palmer, Sydney N. Phu and Melanie L. Graham
Vet. Sci. 2024, 11(9), 401; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11090401 - 1 Sep 2024
Viewed by 594
Abstract
Medical procedures necessary for routine care can induce stress in both the veterinary and human clinical situations. In the research environment, nonhuman primates undergo procedures like physical examination, blood sampling, and intravenous drug or fluid administration either as a part of routine veterinary [...] Read more.
Medical procedures necessary for routine care can induce stress in both the veterinary and human clinical situations. In the research environment, nonhuman primates undergo procedures like physical examination, blood sampling, and intravenous drug or fluid administration either as a part of routine veterinary care or during the modeling of clinical disease and interventions under study. Behavioral management techniques, such as training for cooperation, allow caregivers to train primates to voluntarily engage in various medical procedures. This approach reduces stress and anxiety associated with necessary procedures, thereby enhancing efficiency and minimizing the invasiveness of medical care. Consequently, veterinary evaluation and care can be provided without compromise, resulting in enhanced clinical outcomes and overall better health. In this study, we explored the impact of the behavioral management program implemented at our center on a subset of animals undergoing routine veterinary care, focusing on the overall experience, including animal welfare, scientific rigor, and efficiency in terms of economics and time. We investigated its impact on key factors, such as the total procedure and recovery time, incidence of side effects, and welfare indicators, revealing a significant positive influence on animal care. Furthermore, through case studies, we illustrate how behavioral management facilitates timely medical care and monitoring, effectively mitigating stressors that could otherwise impair health and welfare, enabling the provision of care that would have otherwise been unachievable. A thoughtfully designed primate behavioral management program, integrating cooperation and participation with veterinary care, forms the cornerstone of superior animal welfare, enhanced clinical care, and more accurate scientific outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Interface between Veterinary Management and Behavioral Management for Captive Nonhuman Primates)
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