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Constructed Wetlands as a Sustainable Technology for Wastewater Treatment: Current...
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Constructed Wetlands as a Sustainable Technology for Wastewater Treatment: Current Trends and Future Potential

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Wastewater Treatment and Reuse".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2024 | Viewed by 1878

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Zizhang Guo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
Interests: constructed wetland; water treatment; water reuse; geochemical cycle; biochar; organic pollutant; heavy metal
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Constructed wetland is a comprehensive ecosystem. It applies the principle of species symbiosis, material recycling and regeneration in the ecosystem, and the principle of structure and function coordination. Under the premise of promoting the benign circulation of pollutants in wastewater, it enables the full range of the production potential of resources, prevents environmental re-pollution, and achieves the best benefits of sewage treatment and resource utilization.

In recent years, scholars have put forward many advanced techniques to solve the problems of constructed wetland, such as low purification efficiency in low-temperature seasons and poor long-term operation stability, which seriously affects the sustainable and stable performance of its functions. With the development of environmental problems, more challenges have been posed to constructed wetlands, such as carbon emission reduction, new pollutant treatment, etc. Therefore, I organized this Special Issue, hoping to publish the research results in more than the following aspects.

(1) Design and construction scheme of new constructed wetland and its effect on pollutant removal.

(2) The role of constructed wetland in the removal of new pollutants, and the migration and transformation of new pollutants in wetland system.

(3) Application of constructed wetland technology in the context of carbon neutral policy.

(4) The geochemical cycling of important substances or elements in constructed wetlands to promote pollutant removal.

Dr. Zizhang Guo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • constructed wetland
  • design
  • new pollutants
  • migration and transformation
  • carbon neutral
  • geochemical cycling

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 2685 KiB  
Article
Impact of Gas-to-Water Ratio on Treatment Efficiency of Submerged-Macrophyte Constructed Wetland Systems
by Hongming Mao, Shiwen Lu, Guiying Huang, Xianle Jia, Chenqian Bao, Xinyi Yan, Xiangyong Zheng, Min Zhao and Zhan Jin
Water 2024, 16(13), 1790; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16131790 - 25 Jun 2024
Viewed by 366
Abstract
Constructed wetland systems employing submerged macrophytes are increasingly utilized for treating municipal and industrial wastewater, as well as odoriferous and eutrophic water bodies. However, the pollutant removal efficiency of these systems needs further enhancement. In this study, we examined the impact of the [...] Read more.
Constructed wetland systems employing submerged macrophytes are increasingly utilized for treating municipal and industrial wastewater, as well as odoriferous and eutrophic water bodies. However, the pollutant removal efficiency of these systems needs further enhancement. In this study, we examined the impact of the gas-to-water ratio on the treatment efficiency of the constructed wetland of Vallisneria. We also examined the extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) of the floating biofilm and the structure of the microbial community in this system. Our findings showed that the gas-to-water ratio significantly affects the total nitrogen (TN) removal rate within the Vallisneria wetlands, with an optimum removal at a gas-to-water ratio of 15:1, while the removal efficiencies for chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4+-N, and total phosphorus (TP) remain relatively unaffected. Increased gas-to-water ratios corresponded to a notable decrease in biofilm EPSs. High-throughput sequencing analysis demonstrated a shift in biofilm-denitrifying bacteria from anoxic heterotrophic to aerobic denitrifiers, alongside a significant rise in the abundance of denitrifying bacteria, whereas excessively high gas-to-water ratios inhibited the growth of these bacteria. A gas-to-water ratio of 15:1 constituted the optimal condition for ecological restoration of the water body within the Vallisneria wetland systems. These results could contribute to the optimization of submerged-macrophyte constructed wetland system design and the enhancement of treatment efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Constructed Wetlands as a Sustainable Technology for Wastewater Treatment: Current Trends and Future Potential)
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13 pages, 3865 KiB  
Article
Bibliometric Analysis of Nitrogen Removal in Constructed Wetlands: Current Trends and Future Research Directions
by Jiahao Dong and Shaoping Kuang
Water 2024, 16(10), 1453; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16101453 - 20 May 2024
Viewed by 657
Abstract
Nitrogen pollution in water environments has reached critical levels globally, primarily stemming from agricultural runoff, industrial discharges, and untreated sewage. The excessive presence of nitrogen compounds poses a significant threat to water quality, leading to adverse impacts on ecosystems and human health. Reaching [...] Read more.
Nitrogen pollution in water environments has reached critical levels globally, primarily stemming from agricultural runoff, industrial discharges, and untreated sewage. The excessive presence of nitrogen compounds poses a significant threat to water quality, leading to adverse impacts on ecosystems and human health. Reaching a breakthrough in the technology of constructed wetlands (CWs) for mitigating nitrogen pollution is hindered by existing knowledge gaps regarding the mechanisms involved in the removal process. Reaching this understanding, we offer a comprehensive summary of current advancements and theories in this research field. Initially, bibliometric techniques were employed to identify yearly patterns in publications and areas of research focus. Subsequently, the chosen documents underwent statistical analysis using VOSviewer_1.6.20 to determine countries’ annual productivity, significant publication years, influential authors, keyword clustering analysis, and more. Finally, a comprehensive overview is provided on the elimination of nitrogen through CWs, encompassing insights into microbial communities and structure types. This analysis aims to uncover potential strategies for optimizing the rate of nitrogen removal. Furthermore, this study elucidates the current research trend concerning the nitrogen removal performance of CWs and identifies challenges and future research directions in this field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Constructed Wetlands as a Sustainable Technology for Wastewater Treatment: Current Trends and Future Potential)
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Review

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19 pages, 3923 KiB  
Review
The Status of Research on the Root Exudates of Submerged Plants and Their Effects on Aquatic Organisms
by Yahan Shi, Xu Zhang, Min Zhao, Xiangyong Zheng, Jianya Gu, Zhiquan Wang, Chunzhen Fan and Wenwen Gu
Water 2024, 16(13), 1920; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16131920 - 5 Jul 2024
Viewed by 412
Abstract
The ecological restoration of submerged plants is one of the most widely used technologies in the remediation of eutrophic water bodies. This technology mainly removes nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients in water through the absorption effects of plant roots, stems, and leaves and [...] Read more.
The ecological restoration of submerged plants is one of the most widely used technologies in the remediation of eutrophic water bodies. This technology mainly removes nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients in water through the absorption effects of plant roots, stems, and leaves and the biotransformation of microorganisms attached to their surfaces. Root exudates can directly affect root-attached microorganisms and other aquatic organisms, thus significantly influencing water remediation by submerged plants. At present, there are few reviews on the root exudates of submerged plants and their effects on aquatic organisms. In this study, the composition, collection, and methods of detecting the root exudates of submerged plants are reviewed. Factors affecting the release of root exudates from submerged plants are analyzed, including abiotic (light, temperature, and nutritional status) and biotic factors (rhizosphere microorganisms). The positive or negative effects of root exudates on phytoplankton, zooplankton, and microorganisms are also discussed. The results show that plant species, growth stages, and environmental factors (light, temperature, and nutritional status) are crucial factors affecting root exudates. In addition, submerged plants can significantly influence phytoplankton, zooplankton, and microorganisms by releasing allelochemicals or other root exudates. Based on the results of this study, the influencing mechanisms of root exudates on ecological restoration processes by submerged plants are clarified. This review provides important guiding significance for applying submerged macrophytes in water restoration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Constructed Wetlands as a Sustainable Technology for Wastewater Treatment: Current Trends and Future Potential)
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