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Impact of Climate Changes on Marine Ecology and Fishes
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Impact of Climate Changes on Marine Ecology and Fishes

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Oceans and Coastal Zones".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 January 2024) | Viewed by 5340

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Simon Kumar Das

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, D.E., Malaysia
Interests: fish biology; climate change impact on fishes; sustainable aquaculture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue explores the global vulnerability of marine fauna in the face of climate change and examines the various responses and adaptations of these species. Climate change presents significant challenges to marine ecosystems, including rising temperatures, ocean acidification, changing ocean currents, and sea-level rise. These changes disrupt vital ecological processes and threaten the survival of numerous species. By investigating the vulnerability of marine fauna and understanding their responses to these environmental changes, we can develop effective strategies to mitigate the impacts and ensure the long-term resilience of marine ecosystems. This Special Issue brings together diverse research and perspectives to shed light on this urgent issue and facilitate a deeper understanding of the global implications and potential solutions for the protection and conservation of marine fauna in a changing climate.

Dr. Simon Kumar Das
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • global vulnerability
  • marine fauna
  • climate change
  • adaptations
  • ocean acidification
  • changing ocean currents
  • sea-level rise
  • ecological processes
  • environmental changes
  • mitigate impacts
  • long-term resilience
  • marine ecosystems
  • diverse research
  • conservation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 2029 KiB  
Article
Livelihood Analysis of People Involved in Fish-Drying Practices on the Southwest Coast of Bangladesh
by Fayzur Rahman, Md. Mostafa Shamsuzzaman, Anuradha Talukdar, Masud Alam, Md. Asadujjaman, Petra Schneider and Mohammad Mojibul Hoque Mozumder
Water 2024, 16(18), 2627; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16182627 - 16 Sep 2024
Viewed by 896
Abstract
The southwest coast, specifically the Khulna region of Bangladesh, has seen a substantial increase in the production of dried fish, involving marginalized coastal people. This study uses a mixed methods approach and the sustainable livelihood approach (SLA) to assess these fish-drying communities’ socioeconomic [...] Read more.
The southwest coast, specifically the Khulna region of Bangladesh, has seen a substantial increase in the production of dried fish, involving marginalized coastal people. This study uses a mixed methods approach and the sustainable livelihood approach (SLA) to assess these fish-drying communities’ socioeconomic characteristics, ways of living, and adaptability. Due to their lower literacy, irregular wages, and labor-intensive employment, the research outcomes indicated that the communities engaged in the drying process were economically disadvantaged. Male workers exhibited a relatively higher participation rate compared to females. However, it was observed that females had less power over their wages and earned less than USD 2.74–3.65 per day compared to males at USD 3.65–5.48 per day. Even though there were a lot of opportunities for employment, the survey showed that very few vendors, manufacturers, and laborers regarded themselves as financially independent. To cope with various impacts and obstacles, off-season earnings, a variety of fish species, drying facilities, dealer associations, and social relationships were crucial for dried-fish processors, workers, and traders. The research suggests implementing suitable measures to diversify alternative sources of income and emphasizes the importance of fostering strong collaboration among the communities, local management authorities, and the government. With regard to dry-fish approaches, these steps are essential for ensuring long-term sustainability and improving community resilience among coastal communities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Climate Changes on Marine Ecology and Fishes)
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14 pages, 1388 KiB  
Article
Effect of Stocking Density, Multispecies Probiotics, and Biofloc on Metabolic and Physiological Responses of Puntius sophore in Laboratory Conditions
by Sutapa Debi, Mohammad Abdus Salam, Simon Kumar Das, Md. Shahanoor Alam, Mohammad Lutfar Rahman, Md. Shakhawate Hossain and Sabuj Kanti Mazumder
Water 2024, 16(6), 820; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16060820 - 12 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1408
Abstract
A 60-day experimental trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of different stocking densities, probiotic supplementation, and a biofloc system on the growth and physiological responses of Puntius sophore in laboratory conditions. P. sophore (8.64 ± 1.24 g) was obtained from the Brahmaputra [...] Read more.
A 60-day experimental trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of different stocking densities, probiotic supplementation, and a biofloc system on the growth and physiological responses of Puntius sophore in laboratory conditions. P. sophore (8.64 ± 1.24 g) was obtained from the Brahmaputra River, Mymensingh, and immediately transferred to a flow-through water system. In experiment 1, fish were subjected to three treatments (20 fish per 400 L as LD, 25 fish per 400 L as MD, and 30 fish per 400 L as HD), and similarly, in experiment 2, three different types of diets were provided (control diet (D1), biofloc (D2), and a probiotic-containing diet (D3)). Three replications were used in the completely randomized experimental design. Growth parameters, viz. TLG, BWG, FCR, FCE, SGR, RGR, and DGR, were significantly influenced by stocking density and probiotics (p < 0.05). The highest growth rate was observed in LD and in D3. The lowest FCR was also observed in LD and in D3, while highest was in HD (30 fish per 400 L) and in D2. Though stocking density does not impact the blood profile, with the exception of WBC, in the case of feeding regime, WBC, RBC, MCV, MCH, and PLT levels differed significantly (p < 0.05); however, all haematological measures were within the normal range in both experiments, and the fish’s physiological conditions were better in LD and feeding with probiotic supplementation (D3). The results obtained from this study suggested that the welfare of P. sophore is adversely affected by high stocking density and increased growth and physiological conditions when cultured with LD and supplemented with probiotics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Climate Changes on Marine Ecology and Fishes)
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18 pages, 3909 KiB  
Article
Effects of Extreme-Ambient Temperatures in Silver Barb (Barbonymus gonionotus): Metabolic, Hemato-Biochemical Responses, Enzymatic Activity and Gill Histomorphology
by Sabuj Kanti Mazumder, Sutapa Debi, Simon Kumar Das, Mohammad Abdus Salam, Md. Shahanoor Alam, Mohammad Lutfar Rahman, Md. Abdullah Al Mamun, Sarker Mohammed Ibrahim Khalil and Debasish Pandit
Water 2024, 16(2), 292; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16020292 - 15 Jan 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2642
Abstract
A global interest in Silver Barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) cultivation has arisen because of a combination of declining wild stock and a steady increase in demand and market value. The purpose of the current investigation was to evaluate the impact of extreme [...] Read more.
A global interest in Silver Barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) cultivation has arisen because of a combination of declining wild stock and a steady increase in demand and market value. The purpose of the current investigation was to evaluate the impact of extreme water temperature changes on growth, hemato-biochemical responses, pepsin enzyme activity and gill histomorphology of B. gonionotus. Four distinct temperatures (22, 26, 30 and 34 °C) were applied in the laboratory (22, 26, 30 and 34 °C) in triplicate glass aquariums (150 L each). At 30 and 22 °C, respectively, the highest and the lowest length and weight gain, specific, daily and relative growth rates were noted. At 30 °C the lowest FCR was recorded (1.42 ± 0.04). The values related to hematology and biochemistry were found to be within normal ranges; nevertheless, there was a notable variation in the parameters when the temperature changed. Hematological results revealed that RBC, HB, PLT, HCT and PMV levels were significantly higher in groups 30 °C with respect to others. It was evident that cold and heat shock stress was present due to the decline in hematocrit levels and rise in WBC values. Regarding the biochemical responses, the level of triglycerides, cholesterol, AP, Ca+, HDL, and HDL/LDL ratio increased significantly higher at 30 °C. Glucose, total protein, albumin, Na+, K+, Cl−1, AST, bilirubin, uric acid, and LDL levels were significantly higher at 22 °C compared to other temperatures. There was a higher pepsin activity between 26 and 30 °C while the digestive somatic index (IDS) was disproportionate. Histological examination demonstrated the well-shaped gill tissues at 26 and 30 °C compared to distinctive pathology in other temperature treatments. As an end note, the results of the experiment indicated that B. gonionotus should be cultured at 26–30 °C to maximize the overall productivity and the health condition of this economically important fish species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Climate Changes on Marine Ecology and Fishes)
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