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Water
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Hydrology of Small Catchments and Reservoir Sedimentation
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Hydrology of Small Catchments and Reservoir Sedimentation

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydrology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 5478

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Kazimierz Banasik

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Guest Editor
Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 166, PL-02-787 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: small catchments; long-term changes in runoff; conceptual rainfall–runoff modeling; sediment yield estimation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Adam Krajewski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Water Engineering and Applied Geology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: hydrological modeling; watershed hydrology; water quality; rainfall-runoff modelling; rivers watershed management; rainfall urban hydrology; hydrology
Prof. Dr. Paolo Porto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agro-Forestry and Environmental Science and Technology, Università degli Studi di Reggio Calabria, 89125 Reggio Calabria, Italy
Interests: agricultural hydraulics; hydraulic-forestry arrangements; erosion and sediment transport

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

 Siltation of reservoirs is an indicator of the intensity of erosion processes and sediment yields of river catchments. An estimation of sediment yield is significant for hydroengineering practices, environmental prediction and modelling. It also reflects environmental changes in the form of climate and land use. There are two main factors that alter the hydrological cycle and cause changes in a spatio-temporal distribution of the runoff and sediment transport in the catchment – direct human activities and changes in climatic variables. If both of them affect the catchment simultaneously, it may not be clear whether climatic or direct anthropogenic factors have a greater influence on the hydrological cycle.

Yet, not much research has been devoted to small catchments, in which there is a shortage of long term datasets, needed for environmental impact studies. Moreover, not all changes can be noticed at all spatial scales. In small catchments, with an area <100 km2, any local actions may have a huge effect on water resources and sediment yield in the catchment.

This Special Issue of Water aims to collect contributions of recent results on monitoring and modelling the changes in runoff, sediment yield as well as in reservoir sedimentation. Papers dealing with: (a) the influence of land use and/or climate changes on small catchment responses, (b) single event rainfall–runoff–sediment yield processes, as well as (c) questions of reservoir sedimentation are especially welcome.

Prof. Dr. Kazimierz Banasik
Dr. Adam Krajewski
Prof. Dr. Paolo Porto
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Small catchment
  • Hydrological cycle
  • flood
  • rainfall-runoff modelling
  • soil erosion
  • sediment yield and transport
  • sediment graph
  • reservoir siltation
  • environmental changes

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4121 KiB  
Article
Rill and Interrill Soil Loss Estimations Using the USLE-MB Equation at the Sparacia Experimental Site (South Italy)
by Vincenzo Pampalone, Alessio Nicosia, Vincenzo Palmeri, Maria Angela Serio and Vito Ferro
Water 2023, 15(13), 2396; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15132396 - 28 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1262
Abstract
A reliable prediction of event soil loss at the plot scale can be obtained by Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE)-type models. For the Sparacia site (South Italy), the USLE-MB model was recently developed, in which the effect of the erosive agent is modeled [...] Read more.
A reliable prediction of event soil loss at the plot scale can be obtained by Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE)-type models. For the Sparacia site (South Italy), the USLE-MB model was recently developed, in which the effect of the erosive agent is modeled using the rainfall erosivity index of the USLE by a power b1 > 1 of the runoff coefficient QR. In this investigation, the model is parameterized separately using plot data collected for rill and interrill events that occurred in the Sparacia experimental area. The values b1 = 1.406 and b1 = 1.012 were obtained for the interrill and rill databases, respectively, which revealed a different effect of the runoff coefficient on soil loss due to the two erosive processes. Different relationships expressive of topographic factors were also deduced. The USLE-MB estimation performance significantly improved when operating the distinction between the two databases compared with the model parameterized on the complete database. The model was particularly reliable in estimating the highest event soil loss values, which were associated with the occurrence of rills. Finally, the proposed parameterization procedure lends itself to being tested in the framework of empirical soil loss modeling. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrology of Small Catchments and Reservoir Sedimentation)
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13 pages, 5754 KiB  
Article
Study on the Deposition Reduction Effect of the Sediment–Sluice Tunnel in Zengwen Reservoir
by Wei-Cheng Lo, Chih-Tsung Huang, Meng-Hsuan Wu, Boris Po-Tsang Chen and Hsi-Nien Tan
Water 2023, 15(6), 1072; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15061072 - 10 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1569
Abstract
Reservoirs are a crucial part of the human water supply system. The effectiveness and service life of a reservoir is decided mainly by its storage capacity, and as such, preventing reservoir capacity loss is of high interest worldwide. Due to climate change in [...] Read more.
Reservoirs are a crucial part of the human water supply system. The effectiveness and service life of a reservoir is decided mainly by its storage capacity, and as such, preventing reservoir capacity loss is of high interest worldwide. Due to climate change in recent years, precipitation types have changed, and heavy rainfall events have become more severe and frequent. Rainfall causes soil erosion in slope lands and transports large amounts of sediment downstream, forming deposition. This causes reservoir storage capacity to fall rapidly and decreases reservoir service life. The Sediment–Sluice Tunnel can reduce rapid deposition in reservoirs and is, thus, widely employed. By simulating sediment transportation in reservoirs, deposition reduction after building the Sediment–Sluice Tunnel can be evaluated. This study used the Physiographic Soil Erosion–Deposition (PSED) model to simulate the flow discharge and suspended sediment discharge flowing into the Zengwen reservoir then used the depth-averaged two-dimensional bed evolution model to simulate the sediment transportation and deposition in a hydrological process. Simulation results showed that the Sediment–Sluice Tunnel effectively reduced deposition and transported sediment closer to the spillway and Sediment–Sluice Tunnel gate. The deposition distribution with the Sediment–Sluice Tunnel built is more beneficial to the deployment of other dredging works. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrology of Small Catchments and Reservoir Sedimentation)
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12 pages, 5944 KiB  
Article
Prediction of the Discharge Flow in a Small Hydropower Station without Hydrological Data Based on SWAT Model
by Shenghuo Xie and Yun Zhu
Water 2022, 14(13), 2011; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14132011 - 23 Jun 2022
Viewed by 2121
Abstract
The availability of hydrological data for small hydropower plants is an important prerequisite for reservoir scheduling, reservoir flood control and integrated water resources. To address the problem of a lack of hydrological data in small hydropower plants, this paper proposes a method to [...] Read more.
The availability of hydrological data for small hydropower plants is an important prerequisite for reservoir scheduling, reservoir flood control and integrated water resources. To address the problem of a lack of hydrological data in small hydropower plants, this paper proposes a method to predict the power generation flow of small hydropower stations without hydrological data using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool model (SWAT) when the traditional data-driven methods cannot study the problem of power generation flow prediction in small hydropower stations well. The method can use gridded meteorological data as the input of the model to solve the problem of small hydropower stations without meteorological data. The problem that small hydropower plants without hydrological data cannot calibrate the hydrological model is solved by calculating the generation flow through the output of small hydropower station and by using the similarity analysis method to migrate the generation flow of similar small hydropower stations. The model was tested in a watershed in southwest China to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the coefficient of determination between the predicted and measured values of small hydropower stations without information is about 0.84, which achieves a better prediction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrology of Small Catchments and Reservoir Sedimentation)
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