Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
4.5
2.6
Journals
WEVJ
Special Issues
Electrochemical and Thermal Modeling of Batteries for Electric Vehicle
share announcement

Electrochemical and Thermal Modeling of Batteries for Electric Vehicle

A special issue of World Electric Vehicle Journal (ISSN 2032-6653).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2024) | Viewed by 8369

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Rongheng Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI 48126, USA
Interests: renewable energy; battery modeling; nanotechnology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Xuan Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kettering University, 1700 University Ave., Flint, MI 48504, USA
Interests: materials and systems for energy storage; battery materials R&D and manufacturing; biomedical composite coating for implant applications; contact materials (CuCr, AgSnO2); battery modeling and battery management for electric vehicles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of WEVJ is open for submission on the topic of numerical modeling of batteries utilized for electric vehicles (EV), including battery cell simulation, battery thermal management, battery state of health estimation, battery pack modeling, and optimization of charging strategies.

The development of batteries is crucial to the performance of electric vehicles. Compared to the equivalent circuit models, the electrochemical model, i.e., the single particle model (SPM), and the pseudo-two-dimensional (P2D) model, provides a more accurate estimation of battery characteristics, which is beneficial to the design of batteries used for EV applications.

We invite scientists and engineers to submit articles related to the topics in one or more of the following areas:

  1. Modeling of the electrochemical and thermal process for distinct types of batteries, such as Lithium-Ion batteries, solid-state batteries, and second-life batteries;
  2. Optimization of the parameters of batteries (i.e., choice of materials, dimensions, and cell arrangements) for specific EV applications such as heavy-duty pickup trucks;
  3. Modeling of the battery degradation to optimize the charging and discharging strategies;
  4. Design of the cooling strategies of EV batteries through thermal-fluid modeling;
  5. Incorporate the electrochemical and thermal models of batteries into the system modeling of electric vehicles.

Dr. Rongheng Li
Dr. Xuan Zhou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. World Electric Vehicle Journal is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electric vehicles
  • battery modeling
  • state of charge and health prediction
  • battery degradation
  • second-life batteries
  • solid-state batteries
  • cooling strategies

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (6 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

14 pages, 3885 KiB  
Article
Simulation and Experimental Study on Heat Transfer Performance of Bionic Structure-Based Battery Liquid Cooling Plate
by Zhizhong Wang, Dinghong Liu, Zhaoyang Li, Xin Qi and Chaoyi Wan
World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15(10), 464; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15100464 - 12 Oct 2024
Viewed by 368
Abstract
This study presents a bionic structure-based liquid cooling plate designed to address the heat generation characteristics of prismatic lithium-ion batteries. The size of the lithium-ion battery is 148 mm × 26 mm × 97 mm, the positive pole size is 20 mm × [...] Read more.
This study presents a bionic structure-based liquid cooling plate designed to address the heat generation characteristics of prismatic lithium-ion batteries. The size of the lithium-ion battery is 148 mm × 26 mm × 97 mm, the positive pole size is 20 mm × 20 mm × 3 mm, and the negative pole size is 22 mm × 20 mm × 3 mm. Experimental testing of the Li-ion battery’s heat generation model parameters, in conjunction with bionic structure and micro-channel features, has led to the development of this innovative cooling system. The traditional bionic liquid cooling plate’s structure is often singular; however, the flow path of the liquid cooling plate designed in this paper is based on the combination of the distribution of human blood vessel branches and the structure of insect wing veins. The external dimension of the liquid cooling plate is 152 mm × 100 mm × 6 mm (length × width × height). Utilizing numerical simulation and thermodynamic principles, we analyzed the heat transfer efficacy of the bionic liquid cooling module for power batteries. Specifically, we investigated the impact of varying coolant flow rates and the contact radius between flow channels on the thermal performance of the bionic battery modules. Our findings indicate that a liquid flow rate of 0.6 m/s achieves a stable maximum surface temperature and temperature differential across the bionic battery liquid cooling module, with a relatively low overall system power consumption, suggesting room for further enhancement of heat transfer performance. By augmenting the contact radius between flow channels, we observed an initial increase in the maximum surface temperature, temperature differential, and inlet–outlet pressure differential at a flow rate of 0.2 m/s. However, at flow rates equal to or exceeding 0.4 m/s, these parameters stabilized across different design Scenarios. Notably, the pump power consumption remained consistent across various scenarios and flow rates. This study’s outcomes offer valuable insights for the development of liquid-cooled battery thermal management systems that are energy-efficient and offer superior heat transfer capabilities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical and Thermal Modeling of Batteries for Electric Vehicle)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 7524 KiB  
Article
Electrochemical and Thermal Analysis of Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Variable Solid-State Diffusion Coefficient Concept
by Ping Yao and Xuewen Liu
World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15(9), 416; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15090416 - 12 Sep 2024
Viewed by 607
Abstract
Accurate battery models are of great significance for the optimization design and management of lithium-ion batteries. This study uses a pseudo-two-dimensional electrochemical model combined with a three-dimensional thermal model to describe the electrodynamics and thermodynamics of commercial LIBs and adopts the concept of [...] Read more.
Accurate battery models are of great significance for the optimization design and management of lithium-ion batteries. This study uses a pseudo-two-dimensional electrochemical model combined with a three-dimensional thermal model to describe the electrodynamics and thermodynamics of commercial LIBs and adopts the concept of variable solid-state diffusion in the electrochemical model to improve the fitting ability of the model. Compared with the discharge curve without the VSSD concept, the progressiveness of the model is verified. On the other hand, by comparing the temperature distribution of batteries with different negative electrode thicknesses, it is found that the battery temperature decreases with the increase in battery thickness. At the same time, with the increase in active material volume fraction, the gradient of electrochemical performance is greater, and the heat generation rate is higher. This model can be used for online management of batteries, such as estimating charging status and internal temperature, and further constructing a lithium battery electrochemical capacity degradation model based on the VSSD concept to study the aging behavior of lithium batteries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical and Thermal Modeling of Batteries for Electric Vehicle)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 5335 KiB  
Article
Internal Temperature Estimation of Lithium Batteries Based on a Three-Directional Anisotropic Thermal Circuit Model
by Xiangyu Meng, Huanli Sun, Tao Jiang, Tengfei Huang and Yuanbin Yu
World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15(6), 270; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15060270 - 19 Jun 2024
Viewed by 611
Abstract
In order to improve the accuracy of internal temperature estimation in batteries, a 10-parameter time-varying multi-surface heat transfer model including internal heat production, heat transfer and external heat transfer is established based on the structure of a lithium iron phosphate pouch battery and [...] Read more.
In order to improve the accuracy of internal temperature estimation in batteries, a 10-parameter time-varying multi-surface heat transfer model including internal heat production, heat transfer and external heat transfer is established based on the structure of a lithium iron phosphate pouch battery and its three directional anisotropic heat conduction characteristics. The entropy heat coefficient, internal equivalent heat capacity and internal equivalent thermal resistance related to the SOC and temperature state of the battery were identified using experimental tests and the least square fitting method, and were then used for online calculation of internal heat production and heat transfer in the battery. According to the time-varying and nonlinear characteristics of the heat transfer between the surface and the environment of the battery, an internal temperature estimation algorithm based on the square root cubature Kalman filter was designed and developed. By iteratively calculating the estimated surface temperature and the measured value, dynamic tracking and online correction of the internal temperature of the battery can be achieved. The verification results using FUDS and US06 dynamic working condition data show that the proposed method can quickly eliminate the influence of initial temperature deviations and accumulated process errors and has the characteristics of a high estimation accuracy and good robustness. Compared with the estimation results of the adaptive Kalman filter, the proposed method improves the estimation accuracy of FUDS and US06 working conditions by 67% and 54%, respectively, with a similar computational efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical and Thermal Modeling of Batteries for Electric Vehicle)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 3519 KiB  
Article
Identification Method and Quantification Analysis of the Critical Aging Speed Interval for Battery Knee Points
by Xinyu Jia, Caiping Zhang, Linjing Zhang, Weige Zhang and Zhongling Xu
World Electr. Veh. J. 2023, 14(12), 346; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj14120346 - 12 Dec 2023
Viewed by 2178
Abstract
The identification of knee points in lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries is crucial for predicting the battery life, designing battery products, and managing battery health. Knee points (KPs) refer to the transition points in the aging speed and aging trajectory of Li-ion batteries. KPs can [...] Read more.
The identification of knee points in lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries is crucial for predicting the battery life, designing battery products, and managing battery health. Knee points (KPs) refer to the transition points in the aging speed and aging trajectory of Li-ion batteries. KPs can be identified using a wealth of aging data and various regression-based methods. However, KP identification relies on a large amount of aging data, which is exceedingly time-consuming and resource-intensive. To overcome this issue, we propose a novel method based on KP characteristics to identify the KPs and critical aging speed. Firstly, we extract the main aging trajectory using curve-fitting techniques. Secondly, we calculate the aging speed at each cycle to identify the KPs. We then explore the relationship between the KPs and cycle life and develop a knee point identification algorithm. The correlation coefficient between the KPs and cycle life provides a valuable indicator of the critical aging speed, enabling accurate identification of KPs. To validate our approach, we apply it to the Li(NiCoMn)O2, LiFePO4, and LiCoO2 cell datasets. Our results demonstrate a strong correlation between the KPs and cycle life for these battery types. By employing our proposed method, KPs can be identified for battery life prediction, product design, and health management. Moreover, we summarize a critical degradation speed of −0.03%/cycle can serve as an empirical threshold for warning against capacity diving and KPs. The statistical transition speed threshold can eliminate the dependence on extensive aging data throughout the entire battery’s lifecycle for identifying capacity knee points. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical and Thermal Modeling of Batteries for Electric Vehicle)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 17797 KiB  
Article
Research on Temperature Inconsistency of Large-Format Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on the Electrothermal Model
by Chao Yu, Jiangong Zhu, Xuezhe Wei and Haifeng Dai
World Electr. Veh. J. 2023, 14(10), 271; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj14100271 - 1 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2166
Abstract
Large-format lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are increasingly applied in energy storage systems for electric vehicles, owing to their flexible shape design, lighter weight, higher specific energy, and compact layouts. Nevertheless, the large thermal gradient of Li-ion batteries leads to performance degradation and irreversible safety [...] Read more.
Large-format lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are increasingly applied in energy storage systems for electric vehicles, owing to their flexible shape design, lighter weight, higher specific energy, and compact layouts. Nevertheless, the large thermal gradient of Li-ion batteries leads to performance degradation and irreversible safety issues. The difference in the highest temperature position at various operational modes makes accurate temperature monitoring complicated. Accordingly, a full understanding of the temperature inconsistency of large-format Li-ion batteries is crucial. In this study, these inconsistent characteristics are analyzed by establishing an electrothermal model and conducting experiments based on an 8-Ah pouch-type ternary Li-ion battery with contraposition tabs. Regarding the characteristic of inhomogeneous temperature distribution, the analysis results demonstrate that it is primarily attributable to the uneven heat generation within the battery system and the effects of the two tabs. For the evolution of the highest temperature position, this study compares the maximum temperature rise of the positive tab and main battery body. The results illustrate that the operating temperature has a greater impact on the maximum temperature rise of the main battery body since its resistance strongly depends on the operating temperature compared to the positive and negative tabs. In addition, the electrothermal model is expected to be employed for the battery thermal management system (BTMS) to mitigate the battery temperature inconsistency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical and Thermal Modeling of Batteries for Electric Vehicle)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 6635 KiB  
Article
Optimal Load Sharing between Lithium-Ion Battery and Supercapacitor for Electric Vehicle Applications
by Hegazy Rezk and Rania M. Ghoniem
World Electr. Veh. J. 2023, 14(8), 201; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj14080201 - 27 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1307
Abstract
There has been a suggestion for the best energy management method for an electric vehicle with a hybrid power system. The objective is to supply the electric vehicle with high-quality electricity. The hybrid power system comprises a supercapacitor (SC) bank and a lithium-ion [...] Read more.
There has been a suggestion for the best energy management method for an electric vehicle with a hybrid power system. The objective is to supply the electric vehicle with high-quality electricity. The hybrid power system comprises a supercapacitor (SC) bank and a lithium-ion battery. The recommended energy management plan attempts to maintain the bus voltage while providing the load demand with high-quality power under various circumstances. The management controller is built on a metaheuristic optimization technique that enhances the flatness theory-based controller’s trajectory generation parameters. The SC units control the DC bus while the battery balances the power on the common line. This study demonstrates the expected contribution using particle swarm optimization and performance are assessed under various optimization parameters, including population size and maximum iterations. Their effects on controller performance are examined in the study. The outcomes demonstrate that the number of iterations significantly influences the algorithm’s ability to determine the best controller parameters. The results imply that combining metaheuristic optimization techniques with flatness theory can enhance power quality. The suggested management algorithm ensures power is shared efficiently, protecting power sources and providing good power quality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical and Thermal Modeling of Batteries for Electric Vehicle)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-6
Back to TopTop