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Agronomy
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Mechanism of Flower Growth in Ornamental Plants: From Floral Induction...
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Mechanism of Flower Growth in Ornamental Plants: From Floral Induction to Development

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Horticultural and Floricultural Crops".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 1695

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yanhong He

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: ornamental plant breeding; floral development; flowering regulation; biotic and abiotic stresses
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Flowers are unique to angiosperms. A typical flower possesses four types of organs, namely sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels, which are arranged on the receptacle from the outside to the centre, respectively. In different groups of flowering plants, however, floral organs show dramatic variation in number, type, size, shape, colour, scent, taste, and arrangement. However, no matter how diverse the floral organs are, they all experience at least four main developmental processes as follows: initiation, identity determination, morphogenesis, and maturation. And many species have evolved in multiple ways to adapt to the environment and endogenous factors to regulate flowering. It is now known that five main signal pathways, namely photoperiod, vernalization, age, autonomy, and gibberellin, regulate floral initiation and development. Furthermore, the quality and quantity of flowers are also affected by environmental factors.

Over recent years, enormous scientific progress has been made to understand the molecular basis of flowering and flower development. However, flowering and flower development still need to be further explored for future flower breeding.

This Special Issue will focus on floral induction to development in ornamental plants. We welcome novel research, reviews, and opinion pieces covering all related topics.

Dr. Yanhong He
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • floral organ
  • flowering time
  • flower colour
  • flower shape
  • flower scent
  • flower size

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 5303 KiB  
Article
Morphological Characteristics and Identification of Key Genes Regulating Distyly Morph in Primula vulgaris
by Xuan Wang, Hantao Sun, Yan Xu, Feng Cao, Yanlong Wang, Jianbin Ma, Jinfeng Li, Liu Liu, Ping Li and Xiaoman Zhang
Agronomy 2025, 15(4), 997; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15040997 - 21 Apr 2025
Abstract
The Primula vulgaris, belonging to the genus Primula, is a typical distyly. The distyly is an important morphological feature in nature. However, there is a shortage of research on the causes of distyly formation and the associated genes that control this [...] Read more.
The Primula vulgaris, belonging to the genus Primula, is a typical distyly. The distyly is an important morphological feature in nature. However, there is a shortage of research on the causes of distyly formation and the associated genes that control this trait. In this study, we took P. vulgaris as the experimental material, observed the floral morphological features, made paraffin sections, and performed transcriptome analysis of the styles. The results of morphological observations indicated that the L-morph and S-morph showed dimorphism in flower characteristics, the stigma height was 1.35 cm and the anther height was 0.72 cm for the L-morph and 0.71 cm and 1.50 cm for the S-morph. From the paraffin sections, it can be observed that the papillocytes and stylocytes of the L-morph are longer than those of the S-morph. A total of 2822 DEGs were obtained in the analysis of DEGs, among which 2038 genes were up-regulated and 786 genes were down-regulated. The DEGs of the two morphs were mainly enriched in biological processes such as phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction. BACOVA_02659 was highly expressed in the L-morph and might hydrolyze and activate growth factors, which were present in the phenylpropane biosynthetic pathway. DEGs such as BoGH3B, SAUR21, and SAUR50 may be involved in the development of long and short styles, which in turn leads to the presentation of differences between long and short morphs. These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of Primula. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanism of Flower Growth in Ornamental Plants: From Floral Induction to Development)
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20 pages, 7951 KiB  
Article
Marigold (Tagetes erecta) MADS-Box Genes: A Systematic Analysis and Their Implications for Floral Organ Development
by Cuicui Liu, Feifan Wang, Runhui Li, Yu Zhu, Chunling Zhang and Yanhong He
Agronomy 2024, 14(9), 1889; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14091889 - 24 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1303
Abstract
Marigold (Tagetes erecta) has a capitulum with two floret types: sterile ray florets and fertile disc florets. This distinction makes marigold a valuable model for studying floral organ development in Asteraceae, where MADS-box transcription factors play crucial roles. Here, 65 MADS-box [...] Read more.
Marigold (Tagetes erecta) has a capitulum with two floret types: sterile ray florets and fertile disc florets. This distinction makes marigold a valuable model for studying floral organ development in Asteraceae, where MADS-box transcription factors play crucial roles. Here, 65 MADS-box genes were identified in the marigold genome, distributed across all 12 chromosomes. These genes were classified into type I (13 genes) and type II (52 genes) according to phylogenetic relationships. The gene structure of type I was simpler than that of type II, with fewer conserved motifs. Type I was further divided into three subclasses, Mα (8 genes), Mβ (2 genes), and Mγ (3 genes), while type II was divided into two groups: MIKCC (50 genes) and MIKC* (2 genes), with MIKCC comprising 13 subfamilies. Many type II MADS-box genes had evolutionarily conserved functions in marigold. Expression analysis of type II genes across different organs revealed organ-specific patterns, identifying 34 genes related to flower organ development. Given the distinct characteristics of the two floret types, four genes were specifically expressed only in the petals of one floret type, while twenty genes were expressed in the stamens of disc florets. These genes might have been related to the formation of different floret types. Our research provided a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the marigold MADS-box genes and laid the foundation for further studies on the roles of MADS-box genes in floral organ development in Asteraceae. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanism of Flower Growth in Ornamental Plants: From Floral Induction to Development)
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