Estimation Technique for IGBT Module Junction Temperature in a High-Power Density Inverter
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Three-Phase Traction Inverter with Parallel IGBT Modules
3. IGBT Module’s Loss Components and Calculation Techniques
3.1. IGBT Module’s Loss Components
3.2. Analytical Calculation Using the Datasheet Characteristics
3.2.1. Conduction Losses Calculation
3.2.2. Switching Losses Calculation
- The first is the transistor switching losses, which occur during the transition between the on-state and off-state of the transistor and contain the turn-on losses (Psw_onT) and the turn-off losses (Psw_offT).
- The second component is the diode reverse recovery loss (Prr_D) which also depend on the reverse recovery energy (ErcD) of the diode and can be expressed as:
3.3. Simulation Estimation Using the Module Rating Information
3.4. IGBT Module Power Losses Calculation Results and Comparison
4. IGBT Module Heat Pipe System Design Technique
5. IGBT Module Thermal Modelling and Analysis
5.1. IGBT Module’s Structure and Material Study
5.2. IGBT Module Geometry Clean-Up
5.3. Boundary Conditions Setup
6. FEM Thermal Analysis Results and Discussion
- The ability to apply for the estimation of the temperature range for any IGBT module, with any loading condition using simple calculations of the module power losses and thermal model analysis.
- Offers the ability to confirm the appropriate selection of the IGBT module for the target application before the manufacturing process.
- Saving the time and money required for the testing process to check the module junction temperature as compared with the other experimental setup techniques.
- Temperature measurements with high accuracy since no ideal components and no assumptions (datasheet parameters and the actual model performance are used in the analysis) are used in the analysis which offers the results closet to the practical reality.
7. Conclusions and Future Work
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Rated output power (Po) | 550 kW |
Load power factor (PF) | 0.70 |
Input DC voltage (Vin) | 1500 V |
Output load current (Io) | 500 Arms |
Load frequency (f) | 60 Hz |
Switching frequency (Fsw) | 800 Hz |
IGBT module part number | FZ1200R33KF2C |
Target Max. junction temperature (Tjmax) | 125 °C |
Losses Term | Average Value (W) | Mismatch% | |
---|---|---|---|
Analytical | Simulation | ||
Pcond_Q1_D | 86.5 | 91.97 | 6.30 |
Pcond_Q1_T | 352.3 | 331.40 | 5.90 |
Psw_Q1_D | 91 | 84.06 | 7.60 |
Psw_Q1_T | 445.67 | 412.08 | 7.50 |
Ploss_Q1 | 975.67 | 919.51 | 5.75 |
Part | Transistor Chip | Diode Chip | Ceramic Substrate | Copper Substrate | Base Plate | Bus Bar | Housing | Heat Sink | Silicon Fill |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Material | Si | Si | Si3N4 | Cu | AlSiC | Cu | Plastic | Al | - |
Density (Kg/m3) | 2330 | 2330 | 3200 | 8933 | 2960 | 8933 | 1150 | 2700 | - |
Specific heat (J/Kg-k) | 710 | 710 | 695 | 397 | 740 | 397 | 1600 | 937 | - |
Conductivity (W/m-k) | 148 | 148 | 80 | 387.4 | 200 | 387.4 | 0.25 | 240 | 0.2 |
Boundary Condition | External Boundary Condition | Internal Boundary Condition |
---|---|---|
Inlet | Air flow = 0.01 m/s | Water flow = 0.07 m/s |
Outlet | Opening | Opening |
Wall | Adiabatic | - |
Water temperature | - | 60 °C |
Condition | Value |
---|---|
Ambient temperature | 25 °C |
Variables solved | Flow (water, air), Temperature |
Analysis time | Steady-State |
Number of iterations | 100 |
Flow model | Laminar |
Air flow | Force convection |
Generated Mesh | About 5 million used |
Operating pressure | 1.013 × 105 N/m2 |
Semiconductor Part | Temp. with Housing (°C) | Temp. without Housing (°C) | |
---|---|---|---|
Switch Q1 | T1 | 105.52 | 99.35 |
D1 | 102.27 | 97.20 | |
Switch Q2 | T2 | 109.62 | 102.75 |
D2 | 105.25 | 99.10 | |
Switch Q3 | T3 | 105.12 | 99.15 |
D3 | 101.91 | 97.25 | |
Switch Q4 | T4 | 109.23 | 102.55 |
D4 | 104.85 | 99.05 | |
Switch Q5 | T5 | 105.80 | 99.55 |
D5 | 102.55 | 97.45 | |
Switch Q6 | T6 | 109.40 | 102.60 |
D6 | 105.02 | 99.10 |
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Okilly, A.H.; Choi, S.; Kwak, S.; Kim, N.; Lee, J.; Moon, H.; Baek, J. Estimation Technique for IGBT Module Junction Temperature in a High-Power Density Inverter. Machines 2023, 11, 990. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11110990
Okilly AH, Choi S, Kwak S, Kim N, Lee J, Moon H, Baek J. Estimation Technique for IGBT Module Junction Temperature in a High-Power Density Inverter. Machines. 2023; 11(11):990. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11110990
Chicago/Turabian StyleOkilly, Ahmed H., Seungdeog Choi, Sangshin Kwak, Namhun Kim, Jonghyuk Lee, Hyoungjun Moon, and Jeihoon Baek. 2023. "Estimation Technique for IGBT Module Junction Temperature in a High-Power Density Inverter" Machines 11, no. 11: 990. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11110990