Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) in Hospital and Outpatient Settings: The Devil Is in the Details

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotics Use and Antimicrobial Stewardship".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 October 2024 | Viewed by 1714

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Health Sciences Department, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Interests: antimicrobial stewardship; antimicrobial consumption; antimicrobial utilization in the public health care system

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of this Special Issue is to collate international findings of studies investigating antimicrobial stewardship (AMS).  

The governments of all countries are projected to face escalating healthcare costs attributed to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Encouraging the optimal use of antimicrobials through antimicrobial stewardship (ASP) can help to ensure the ideal utilization of these limited resources. Additionally, there is ample evidence to suggest that ASP implementation can assist in cost saving, primarily by decreasing intravenous (IV) antimicrobial consumption.

Many LMICs, including South Africa, are facing healthcare challenges (esp. infectious diseases), especially at entry-level primary healthcare (PHC) facilities, where antimicrobial stewardship activities and ASPs have not yet been fully implemented. Consequently, it is important to draw attention to the challenges faced in improving antimicrobial prescription across different countries and to address these in order to reduce AMR in all health care facilities

We welcome manuscripts based on all aspects regarding the main enablers and barriers of antimicrobial stewardship programmes in both LMICs and other countries. Areas of particular interest include the initiation of ASPs, outcome measures of ASPs (to determine their success or failure), knowledge and perceptions of ASPs, the role of One Health interventions in antimicrobial stewardship programmes, and vaccination in antimicrobial stewardship.

Prof. Dr. Natalie Schellack
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 907 KiB  
Article
Impact of the Five-Year Intervention of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on the Optimal Selection of Surgical Prophylaxis in a Hospital without Antibiotic Prescription Restrictions in Costa Rica: A Retrospective Study
by José Pablo Díaz-Madriz, Esteban Zavaleta-Monestel, Jorge Arturo Villalobos-Madriz, Carolina Rojas-Chinchilla, Priscilla Castrillo-Portillo, Alison Meléndez-Alfaro, Ana Fernanda Vásquez-Mendoza, Gabriel Muñoz-Gutiérrez and Sebastián Arguedas-Chacón
Antibiotics 2023, 12(11), 1572; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12111572 - 28 Oct 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1158
Abstract
This study aims to characterize the impact of the implementation of an antimicrobial stewardship program (AMS) on the optimal selection of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in adult patients. This is a retrospective quasi-experimental study that compared the selection and duration of antibiotics for all [...] Read more.
This study aims to characterize the impact of the implementation of an antimicrobial stewardship program (AMS) on the optimal selection of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in adult patients. This is a retrospective quasi-experimental study that compared the selection and duration of antibiotics for all surgical prophylaxis prescriptions over six months, both before (pre-AMS) and after a five-year intervention of AMS (post-AMS). In addition, data related to the consumption of antibiotics, adverse drug reactions, and surgical site infections throughout the years of the intervention were analyzed. The rate of appropriate selection of antibiotic prophylaxis in surgical procedures improved to 80% during the post-AMS period. The percentage of optimal duration increased from 69.1% (N = 1598) in the pre-AMS period to 78.0% (N = 841) in the post-AMS period (p < 0.001). The consumption of ceftriaxone significantly decreased, while the use of cefazolin increased more than nine times. No severe adverse reactions or increases in surgical site infections were detected after the intervention. The implementation of an AMS in the surgical ward demonstrated a trend towards a positive overall impact on the selection and duration of prophylactic antibiotics for surgery, with positive results also observed in other variables associated with the prescription of these antibiotics. Full article
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