Submit to Antioxidants Review for Antioxidants Propose a Special Issue

Journal Browser

Oxidative Stress and Aging: Past, Present and Future Concepts

Special Issue Editors
Special Issue Information
Keywords
Published Papers

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2016) | Viewed by 39186

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Adam Salmon

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 15355 Lambda Drive, MSC 7755, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA
Interests: oxidative stress; mitochondria; metabolism; proteostasis; longevity; protein oxidation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

More than a half-century after its first iteration, the Oxidative Stress (or free radical/mitochondrial) theory of aging remains one of the most well-studied, and controversial, mechanistic theories regarding why organisms age. A wealth of information shows that oxidative stress/damage increases with age, with potential primary sources being mitochondrial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, diminished antioxidant defense, and others. However, direct assessments of whether altering oxidative stress impacts longevity have yielded equivocal and often contradictory results across several model organisms. On the other hand, oxidative stress is a significant factor in the etiology of many age-related diseases and pathologies, and can be targeted to reduce their detrimental effects. Moreover, by regulating processes such as inflammation and redox signaling, free radicals may have broader implications on aging than simply as a mediators of oxidative damage. Thus, the interpretation of the role of oxidative stress in “aging” is at a cross-roads between the potential effects on longevity and the effects on healthy aging. This Special Issue will publish both review and research articles pertaining to further delineations of the role of oxidative stress in aging, healthy aging (or healthspan), and age-related disease, to the identification of potential therapeutic targets, and to the evaluation of future research endeavors in the field.

Dr. Adam Salmon
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

redox
longevity
mitochondria
healthspan
lifespan
pathology
antioxidant
healthy aging
oxidative stress
age-related disease
reactive oxygen species

Published Papers (5 papers)

Download All Papers

Research

Jump to: Review

471 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Lactation Affects Isolated Mitochondria and Its Fatty Acid Composition but Has No Effect on Tissue Protein Oxidation, Lipid Peroxidation or DNA-Damage in Laboratory Mice

by Teresa G. Valencak, Johannes Raith, Katrin Staniek, Lars Gille and Alois Strasser

Antioxidants 2016, 5(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox5010002 - 11 Jan 2016

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 5685

Abstract

Linking peak energy metabolism to lifespan and aging remains a major question especially when focusing on lactation in females. We studied, if and how lactation affects in vitro mitochondrial oxygen consumption and mitochondrial fatty acid composition. In addition, we assessed DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyls to extrapolate on oxidative stress in mothers. As model system we used C57BL/6NCrl mice and exposed lactating females to two ambient temperatures (15 °C and 22 °C) while they nursed their offspring until weaning. We found that state II and state IV respiration rates of liver mitochondria were significantly higher in the lactating animals than in non-lactating mice. Fatty acid composition of isolated liver and heart mitochondria differed between lactating and non-lactating mice with higher n-6, and lower n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the lactating females. Surprisingly, lactation did not affect protein carbonyls, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage, nor did moderate cold exposure of 15 °C. We conclude that lactation increases rates of mitochondrial uncoupling and alters mitochondrial fatty acid composition thus supporting the “uncoupling to survive” hypothesis. Regarding oxidative stress, we found no impact of lactation and lower ambient temperature and contribute to growing evidence that there is no linear relationship between oxidative damage and lactation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Aging: Past, Present and Future Concepts)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

1353 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Testing the Effects of DL-Alpha-Tocopherol Supplementation on Oxidative Damage, Total Antioxidant Protection and the Sex-Specific Responses of Reproductive Effort and Lifespan to Dietary Manipulation in Australian Field Crickets (Teleogryllus commodus)

by C. Ruth Archer, Sarah Hempenstall, Nick J. Royle, Colin Selman, Sheridan Willis, James Rapkin, Jon D. Blount and John Hunt

Antioxidants 2015, 4(4), 768-792; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox4040768 - 04 Dec 2015

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 5914

Abstract

The oxidative stress theory predicts that the accumulation of oxidative damage causes aging. More generally, oxidative damage could be a cost of reproduction that reduces survival. Both of these hypotheses have mixed empirical support. To better understand the life-history consequences of oxidative damage, we fed male and female Australian field crickets (Teleogryllus commodus) four diets differing in their protein and carbohydrate content, which have sex-specific effects on reproductive effort and lifespan. We supplemented half of these crickets with the vitamin E isoform DL-alpha-tocopherol and measured the effects of nutrient intake on lifespan, reproduction, oxidative damage and antioxidant protection. We found a clear trade-off between reproductive effort and lifespan in females but not in males. In direct contrast to the oxidative stress theory, crickets fed diets that improved their lifespan had high levels of oxidative damage to proteins. Supplementation with DL-alpha-tocopherol did not significantly improve lifespan or reproductive effort. However, males fed diets that increased their reproductive investment experienced high oxidative damage to proteins. While this suggests that male reproductive effort could elevate oxidative damage, this was not associated with reduced male survival. Overall, these results provide little evidence that oxidative damage plays a central role in mediating life-history trade-offs in T. commodus. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Aging: Past, Present and Future Concepts)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

235 KiB

Open AccessReview

Beyond Diabetes: Does Obesity-Induced Oxidative Stress Drive the Aging Process?

by Adam B. Salmon

Antioxidants 2016, 5(3), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox5030024 - 18 Jul 2016

Cited by 35 | Viewed by 7481

Abstract

Despite numerous correlative data, a causative role for oxidative stress in mammalian longevity has remained elusive. However, there is strong evidence that increased oxidative stress is associated with exacerbation of many diseases and pathologies that are also strongly related to advanced age. Obesity, or increased fat accumulation, is one of the most common chronic conditions worldwide and is associated with not only metabolic dysfunction but also increased levels of oxidative stress in vivo. Moreover, obesity is also associated with significantly increased risks of cardiovascular disease, neurological decline and cancer among many other diseases as well as a significantly increased risk of mortality. In this review, we investigate the possible interpretation that the increased incidence of these diseases in obesity may be due to chronic oxidative stress mediating segmental acceleration of the aging process. Understanding how obesity can alter cellular physiology beyond that directly related to metabolic function could open new therapeutic areas of approach to extend the period of healthy aging among people of all body composition. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Aging: Past, Present and Future Concepts)

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

465 KiB

Open AccessReview

Which Is the Most Significant Cause of Aging?

by Stefan I. Liochev

Antioxidants 2015, 4(4), 793-810; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox4040793 - 17 Dec 2015

Cited by 36 | Viewed by 9143

Abstract

It becomes clearer and clearer that aging is a result of a significant number of causes and it would seem that counteracting one or several of them should not make a significant difference. Taken at face value, this suggests, for example, that free radicals and reactive oxygen species do not play a significant role in aging and that the lifespan of organisms cannot be significantly extended. In this review, I point to the fact that the causes of aging synergize with each other and discuss the implications involved. One implication is that when two or more synergizing causes increase over time, the result of their action increases dramatically; I discuss a simple model demonstrating this. It is reasonable to conclude that this might explain the acceleration of aging and mortality with age. In this regard, the analysis of results and mortality patterns described in studies involving yeasts and Drosophila provides support for this view. Since the causes of aging are synergizing, it is also concluded that none of them is the major one but many including free radicals, etc. play significant roles. It follows that health/lifespan might be significantly extended if we eliminate or even attenuate the increase of a few or even just one of the causes of aging. While the synergism between the causes of aging is the main topic of this review, several related matters are briefly discussed as well. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Aging: Past, Present and Future Concepts)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

561 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Mediterranean Lifestyle as a Non-Pharmacological and Natural Antioxidant for Healthy Aging

by Kyriazoula Chatzianagnostou, Serena Del Turco, Alessandro Pingitore, Laura Sabatino and Cristina Vassalle

Antioxidants 2015, 4(4), 719-736; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox4040719 - 12 Nov 2015

Cited by 46 | Viewed by 10421

Abstract

Oxidative stress has been suggested to affect age-associated physiological dysfunction. Therefore, it is speculated that antioxidant supplements could have a potential role in preventing age-related diseases and death. Among different dietary habits, the highly antioxidant Mediterranean dietary pattern, which includes high vegetable and fruit intake, consumption of legumes, cereals, and fish, low intake of meat and dairy derivatives, moderate red wine consumption, and use of extra-virgin olive oil, is characterized by other aspects than food, such as conviviality, sensory stimulation, socialization, biodiversity, and seasonality that can reinforce the Mediterranean diet’s (MeD) beneficial effects on wellbeing, quality of life, and healthy aging. The present review aims to discuss available data on the relationship between oxidative stress and aging, biomarkers of oxidative stress status, protective effects of the MeD, and the adoption of the Mediterranean lifestyle as a non-pharmacological and natural tool to cope with oxidative stress damage for a longer life span, and—even more important—healthy aging beyond the biological, psychological, and social challenges that old age entails. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Aging: Past, Present and Future Concepts)

► Show Figures