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Applied Sciences
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Thermophysics and Heat Transfer
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Thermophysics and Heat Transfer

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Thermal Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 7048

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Sergio Montelpare

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Engineering and Geology Department, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 42-65127 Pescara, Italy
Interests: climate change; buildings’ sustainability; nZEB design; renewable energies; cultural heritage preservation; buildings’ acoustics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Valerio D’Alessandro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
Interests: wind energy; numerical methods for thermo-fluid dynamics; heat transfer; low-speed aerodynamics; aeroacoustics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The special issue will be focused on the multiscale and multiphysics approaches for numerical and experimental analyses of thermal problems. The necessity to investigate heat transfer phenomena and thermo-fluid dynamic processes simultaneously with different scales of analysis or with different multiphysics approaches become the main issue for several application fields:

  • bio-engineering applications (for example the thermal interactions between the human body and the surrounding, the thermo-fluid dynamic behavior of mucosalivary fluid particles in infectious diseases transmission, bio-heat transfer; hyperthermia in biological tissues, the use of IR thermography in human body reactions, etc..)
  • industrial applications (for example in the cooling of electric apparatus in green vehicles, in heat exchangers with multiphase phenomena, etc..)
  • environmental applications (for example in the analyses of atmospheric flows and city districts, in the air pollution in complex urban areas)

This special issue is aimed, by collecting papers from different fields, to underline the necessity of these multiscale and multiphysics approaches for a better description of these complex phenomena.

Prof. Dr. Sergio Montelpare
Dr. Valerio D’Alessandro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 4162 KiB  
Article
Experimental Investigation of Enhancement of Natural Convective Heat Transfer in Air Using Ultrasound
by Grzegorz Musielak, Dominik Mierzwa and Joanna Łechtańska
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2516; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042516 - 15 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1132
Abstract
One of the methods to improve convective heat exchange is the application of ultrasound assistance. However, little is known about ultrasound application in the air. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ultrasound on natural convection cooling. The [...] Read more.
One of the methods to improve convective heat exchange is the application of ultrasound assistance. However, little is known about ultrasound application in the air. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ultrasound on natural convection cooling. The tests are based on the cooling of the metal samples (in four different shapes) preheated to a temperature of 60 °C. Cooling takes place in free convection without and with the use of ultrasound at different powers (50 W, 100 W, 150 W, and 200 W). The study uses a mathematical model based on a small Biot’s number assumption. The values of the convective heat exchange coefficients are determined by using an approximation of the experimental results. The coefficients obtained are an increasing exponential function of the applied ultrasound power. This study indicates the possibility of using ultrasound to improve heat transfer by free convection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermophysics and Heat Transfer)
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29 pages, 8614 KiB  
Article
Measurement and Model-Based Control of Solidification in Continuous Casting of Steel Billets
by Martin Schlautmann, Marc Köster, Waldemar Krieger, Matthias Groll, Ralf Schuster, Jörg Bellmann and Piero Frittella
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(2), 885; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13020885 - 9 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1531
Abstract
A laser vibrometer system in combination with appropriate artificial intelligence methods for clustering of the measured vibration spectra was tested at a continuous steel casting machine to receive information on the solidification status of the strand. Measurements with the laser vibrometer at a [...] Read more.
A laser vibrometer system in combination with appropriate artificial intelligence methods for clustering of the measured vibration spectra was tested at a continuous steel casting machine to receive information on the solidification status of the strand. Measurements with the laser vibrometer at a fixed strand position of the billet caster of ESF under conditions of incrementally increasing casting speeds revealed a transition in the population of the identified vibration clusters as a footprint of the passed crater end position with a change from a fully solidified strand to a strand with some liquid core at the measurement position. This was in accordance with the results from a three-dimensional dynamic temperature and solidification model which was set up based on a state-of-the-art approach for solution of the heat flow equation with tailored submodels for the different boundary zones of the ESF billet caster (i.e., mould, secondary spray water zones and radiation zones) and installed at the steel plant for online monitoring and control of the casting process. The application of the newly installed measurement and model-based information systems at ESF revealed significant improvements in their billet casting process in terms of halved strand breakout rates and correspondingly increased productivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermophysics and Heat Transfer)
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14 pages, 1941 KiB  
Article
A Multi-Scale Approach for Modelling Airborne Transport of Mucosalivary Fluid
by Valerio D’Alessandro, Matteo Falone, Luca Giammichele and Renato Ricci
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(23), 12381; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122312381 - 3 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 954
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic promoted a lot of research activities in relation to mucosalivary fluid airborne transport. Indeed, infection mechanisms are the result of mucosalivary fluid droplets exchange and the knowledge in this area is still largely inadequate. One of the main challenges concerns the [...] Read more.
COVID-19 pandemic promoted a lot of research activities in relation to mucosalivary fluid airborne transport. Indeed, infection mechanisms are the result of mucosalivary fluid droplets exchange and the knowledge in this area is still largely inadequate. One of the main challenges concerns the modelling of mucosalivary fluid complex nature. Specifically, this is a key element to predict small diameters dry nuclei formation which are highly relevant from the transmission risk point of view. For this reason, in this paper we present and discuss the development of a new multi-scale modelling technique which incorporates the Population Balance Equation into a standard particle-source-in-cell method. Thus, the effectiveness of the aforementioned technique in droplet nuclei generation modelling is showed and discussed. Also the impact of velocity boundary conditions at the mouth print is assessed as well as the effect of the correlations for mass transfer showing that their neglect causes an underestimation in distance reached by the droplets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermophysics and Heat Transfer)
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28 pages, 6319 KiB  
Article
Novel Infrared Approach for the Evaluation of Thermofluidic Interactions in a Metallic Flat-Plate Pulsating Heat Pipe
by Luca Pagliarini, Luca Cattani, Maksym Slobodeniuk, Vincent Ayel, Cyril Romestant, Fabio Bozzoli and Sara Rainieri
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(22), 11682; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122211682 - 17 Nov 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1170
Abstract
A novel and advanced analysis tool, based on the resolution of the inverse heat conduction problem, is used to evaluate wall-to-fluid heat fluxes in a metallic flat-plate pulsating heat pipe. The device under analysis is made of copper and formed by 16 channels [...] Read more.
A novel and advanced analysis tool, based on the resolution of the inverse heat conduction problem, is used to evaluate wall-to-fluid heat fluxes in a metallic flat-plate pulsating heat pipe. The device under analysis is made of copper and formed by 16 channels having a squared section of 3 × 3 mm2 and filled with a water–ethanol mixture (20 wt.% of ethanol) with a volumetric filling ratio of 50%. One flat side of the device is externally coated with a highly emissive paint to perform temperature measurements by means of a medium-wave infrared camera. The acquired infrared maps are first processed by a three-dimensional Gaussian filter and then used as inputs for the inverse approach for the evaluation of heat fluxes locally exchanged between the fluid and the thin walls of each channel. The suggested procedure is successfully validated by means of synthetic data. The resulting space–time heat flux distributions are therefore statistically investigated in terms of amplitude and space–time variations, providing quantitative references for the identification of two-phase flow regimes. These unique data give an evaluation of the local heat transfer behavior, which is essential to provide empirical values for the numerical models of pulsating heat pipes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermophysics and Heat Transfer)
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17 pages, 4285 KiB  
Article
Parametric Analysis of Cylinder Drying Process in Association with Various Materials
by Ngoctan Tran, Akash Sengupta, Jane-Sunn Liaw and Chi-Chuan Wang
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(20), 10489; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122010489 - 18 Oct 2022
Viewed by 1573
Abstract
In this study, the heat and mass transfers in the fabric drying process of a single-cylinder dryer are numerically examined in detail by using MATLAB codes and illustrating 3D velocity and temperature profiles obtained by a CFD-ACE+ software package. Seven different drying materials [...] Read more.
In this study, the heat and mass transfers in the fabric drying process of a single-cylinder dryer are numerically examined in detail by using MATLAB codes and illustrating 3D velocity and temperature profiles obtained by a CFD-ACE+ software package. Seven different drying materials including Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), Polyethylene, Polypropylene, Cotton, Wool, Rayon, and Nylon are employed as drying materials. Influences of the drying-material thickness, contacting percentage, cylinder temperature, feeding velocity, and cylinder diameter are examined in detail. For all cases in this study, it is found that the maximum temperature of the drying material in the drying process is strongly dependent on the thermal diffusivity of the drying material. The higher the thermal diffusivity of the drying material, the greater the peak temperature achieved. The peak temperature of the drying material increases with the increase in the contacting percentage. The higher feeding velocity leads to a faster increase in the temperature of the drying material; however, the peak temperature of the slower feeding velocity is higher than that of the faster one. The heat transfer between the central layer of the drying material and to ambient environment is limited by the thermal diffusivity of the drying material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermophysics and Heat Transfer)
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