The Fabrication and Characterization of Thermoelectric and Thermomagnetic Materials

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Hybrid and Composite Crystalline Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 March 2021) | Viewed by 4573

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Guest Editor
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
Interests: Electron and phonon transport modeling; materials and device design; fabrication and characterization of energy conversion systems such as thermoelectrics; solar cells; and diffusion cells; Heat management in high power electronics and optoelectronic
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Guest Editor
Beijing Institute of Technology

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Guest Editor
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Thermoelectric and thermomagnetic materials have been the subject of research for two centuries. Combined electron-hole-phonon transport in these materials is of fundamental interest and is the base of direct thermal to electrical power generators and solid-state refrigerators. The efficiency of these devices is an increasing function of the material figure of merit. In recent years, fabrication and characterization of the nanostructured bulk materials as well as low dimensional materials and their heterostructures have enabled improved thermoelectric and thermomagnetic figures of merit. The discovery of new classes of topological materials, such as time-reversal-symmetry-broken Weyl semimetals, has opened the pathway to and new strategies in the design of highly efficient thermoelectric and thermomagnetic materials and devices. Organic thermoelectrics, in turn, has opened the pathway to large area flexible thermoelectric devices. Much effort has been dedicated to the development of hybrid inorganic/organic thermoelectric composite materials with an enhanced Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity in the quest to improve the thermoelectric performance. In this Special Issue, we invite you to submit your work focused on the strategies to design, fabricate, and characterize highly efficient thermoelectric and thermomagnetic materials and devices, especially with a focus on topological materials, layered materials and heterostructures, and organic thermoelectrics. Strategies to improve device efficiency beyond the figure of merit, and new applications for these modules are also of interest.

Prof. Mona Zebarjadi
Dr. Junxi Duan
Dr. Mousumi Mitra
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • thermoelectric
  • thermomagnetic
  • power generators
  • solid-state refrigerators
  • topological materials
  • organic materials
  • hybrid organic/inorganic materials
  • Weyl semimetals

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 3234 KiB  
Article
First-Principles Study on Lattice Dynamics and Thermal Conductivity of Thermoelectric Intermetallics Fe3Al2Si3
by Naoki Sato and Yoshiki Takagiwa
Crystals 2021, 11(4), 388; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11040388 - 7 Apr 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2362
Abstract
Thermoelectric materials have been expected as a critical underlying technology for developing an autonomous power generation system driven at near room temperature. For this sake, Fe3Al2Si3 intermetallic compound is a promising candidate, though its high lattice thermal conductivity [...] Read more.
Thermoelectric materials have been expected as a critical underlying technology for developing an autonomous power generation system driven at near room temperature. For this sake, Fe3Al2Si3 intermetallic compound is a promising candidate, though its high lattice thermal conductivity is a bottleneck toward practical applications. Herein, we have performed the first-principles calculations to clarify the microscopic mechanism of thermal transport and establish effective ways to reduce the lattice thermal conductivity of Fe3Al2Si3. Our calculations show that the lowest-lying optical mode has a significant contribution from Al atom vibration. It should correspond to large thermal displacements Al atoms. However, these behaviors do not directly cause an increase of the 3-phonon scattering rate. The calculated lattice thermal conductivity shows a typical temperature dependence and moderate magnitude. From the calculated thermal conductivity spectrum and cumulative thermal conductivity, we can see that there is much room to reduce the lattice thermal conductivity. We can expect that heavy-element doping on Al site and controlling fine microstructure are effective strategies to decrease the lattice thermal conductivity. This work suggests useful information to manipulate the thermal transport of Fe3Al2Si3, which will make this material closer to practical use. Full article
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10 pages, 3572 KiB  
Article
Performance Characteristics of Custom Thermocouples for Specialized Applications
by Abdul-Sommed Hadi, Bryce E. Hill and Mohammed Naziru Issahaq
Crystals 2021, 11(4), 377; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11040377 - 5 Apr 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1744
Abstract
This work reports the performance characteristics of custom thermocouples developed for use in elevated temperatures such as metal casting operations. The scope of this research is limited to thermocouples designed using pyrolytic graphite (PG) as the primary thermoelement in connection with aluminum, copper, [...] Read more.
This work reports the performance characteristics of custom thermocouples developed for use in elevated temperatures such as metal casting operations. The scope of this research is limited to thermocouples designed using pyrolytic graphite (PG) as the primary thermoelement in connection with aluminum, copper, steel, and tungsten. The Seebeck coefficients of the sensors were determined from experimental data after heating to ~500 °C. Cooling from ~500 °C to room temperature enabled us to compare the characteristic behaviors of the sensors from the obtained near-linear responses in the voltage-temperature plots. Tungsten being a refractory metal produced the highest sensitivity of the sensors. The sensitivity of the PG-tungsten thermocouple upon heating measured up to 26 μV/°C and a slightly lower value of 24.2 μV/°C was obtained upon cooling. Conversely, the PG-steel thermocouple rather produced the lowest Seebeck coefficients of 13.8 μV/°C during heating and 14.0 μV/°C for the cooling experiments though steel has a high melting temperature than most of the other thermoelements. Full article
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