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Magnetic Nanoparticle Design for Medical Diagnosis and Therapy
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Magnetic Nanoparticle Design for Medical Diagnosis and Therapy

A special issue of Journal of Functional Biomaterials (ISSN 2079-4983).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2017) | Viewed by 26727

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Stefan H. Bossmann

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
Interests: protease signatures for early cancer diagnostics and cancer therapy decisions; imaging of biophysical barriers in cancer/spectral imaging/micrometastases; advanced drug delivery and drug delivery materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A Special Issue of the Journal of Functional Biomaterials is inviting authors from all disciplines to submit manuscripts that are concerned with magnetic nanoparticle-based diagnosis and therapy in humans and animal models for cancers and infectious diseases.

Suitable topics for this issue are comprised of, but not limited to:

  • Magnetic nanoparticles that are optimized for microwave-induced or AC/magnetic hyperthermia
  • Magnetic nanoparticles capable of performing plasmonic hyperthermia
  • Magnetic nanoparticles for the purpose of drug delivery and retention in targeted tissue
  • Magnetic nanoparticles that target cell sub-populations or exosomes
  • Novel MRI contrast agents
  • Magnetic Nanoparticle-based nanobiosensors and analytical devices capable of performing liquid biopsies of cancer or infectious diseases

To date, the two major roadblocks to developing truly effective drugs against cancer consist in effectively targeting cancer sites, and in overcoming physiologic barriers to drug/therapy delivery. Chemotherapy relies on systemic administration of the drugs. Consequently, in classic drug- or chemotherapy, less than five percent of small molecule drugs reach their target. Nanotherapeutic delivery is capable of increasing this percentage to approx. 10 to 20 percent. This means that 80–90% of nanoscopic drug formulations have to be effectively cleared by the reticuloendothelial system or will cause collateral damage. Contributions utilizing magnetic nanoparticles to overcome these limitations are especially invited.

Detecting cancer and other diseases by means of liquid biopsies has become a realistic possibility. We are looking for magnetic technologies that are able to reduce the cost of a single liquid biopsy to less that $200 per measurement.

Original manuscripts reporting novel and creative research are invited. Authors, who would like to prepare reviews should contact the Guest Editor before they engage in this task.

Prof. Dr. Stefan H. Bossmann
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Functional Biomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • paramagnetic
  • superparamagnetic
  • diagnostic
  • theranostic
  • therapeutic
  • cancer
  • infectious diseases
  • hyperthermia
  • MRI
  • contrast agents
  • toxicology
  • delivery

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

1957 KiB  
Article
Fe Core–Carbon Shell Nanoparticles as Advanced MRI Contrast Enhancer
by Rakesh P. Chaudhary, Kim Kangasniemi, Masaya Takahashi, Samarendra K. Mohanty and Ali R. Koymen
J. Funct. Biomater. 2017, 8(4), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb8040046 - 09 Oct 2017
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 6409
Abstract
The aim of this study is to fabricate a hybrid composite of iron (Fe) core–carbon (C) shell nanoparticles with enhanced magnetic properties for contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These new classes of magnetic core–shell nanoparticles are synthesized using a one-step top–down [...] Read more.
The aim of this study is to fabricate a hybrid composite of iron (Fe) core–carbon (C) shell nanoparticles with enhanced magnetic properties for contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These new classes of magnetic core–shell nanoparticles are synthesized using a one-step top–down approach through the electric plasma discharge generated in the cavitation field in organic solvents by an ultrasonic horn. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations revealed the core–shell nanoparticles with 10–85 nm in diameter with excellent dispersibility in water without any agglomeration. TEM showed the structural confirmation of Fe nanoparticles with body centered cubic (bcc) crystal structure. Magnetic multi-functional hybrid composites of Fe core–C shell nanoparticles were then evaluated as negative MRI contrast agents, displaying remarkably high transverse relaxivity (r2) of 70 mM−1·S−1 at 7 T. This simple one-step synthesis procedure is highly versatile and produces desired nanoparticles with high efficacy as MRI contrast agents and potential utility in other biomedical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Nanoparticle Design for Medical Diagnosis and Therapy)
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1241 KiB  
Article
Mn2+-ZnSe/ZnS@SiO2 Nanoparticles for Turn-on Luminescence Thiol Detection
by Mohammad S. Yazdanparast, William R. Jeffries, Eric R. Gray and Emily J. McLaurin
J. Funct. Biomater. 2017, 8(3), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb8030036 - 23 Aug 2017
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 6727
Abstract
Biological thiols are antioxidants essential for the prevention of disease. For example, low levels of the tripeptide glutathione are associated with heart disease, cancer, and dementia. Mn2+-doped wide bandgap semiconductor nanocrystals exhibit luminescence and magnetic properties that make them attractive for [...] Read more.
Biological thiols are antioxidants essential for the prevention of disease. For example, low levels of the tripeptide glutathione are associated with heart disease, cancer, and dementia. Mn2+-doped wide bandgap semiconductor nanocrystals exhibit luminescence and magnetic properties that make them attractive for bimodal imaging. We found that these nanocrystals and silica-encapsulated nanoparticle derivatives exhibit enhanced luminescence in the presence of thiols in both organic solvent and aqueous solution. The key to using these nanocrystals as sensors is control over their surfaces. The addition of a ZnS barrier layer or shell produces more stable nanocrystals that are isolated from their surroundings, and luminescence enhancement is only observed with thinner, intermediate shells. Tunability is demonstrated with dodecanethiol and sensitivities decrease with thin, medium, and thick shells. Turn-on nanoprobe luminescence is also generated by several biological thiols, including glutathione, N-acetylcysteine, cysteine, and dithiothreitol. Nanoparticles prepared with different ZnS shell thicknesses demonstrated varying sensitivity to glutathione, which allows for the tuning of particle sensitivity without optimization. The small photoluminescence response to control amino acids and salts indicates selectivity for thiols. Preliminary magnetic measurements highlight the challenge of optimizing sensors for different imaging modalities. In this work, we assess the prospects of using these nanoparticles as luminescent turn-on thiol sensors and for MRI. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Nanoparticle Design for Medical Diagnosis and Therapy)
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3344 KiB  
Article
Synergy of Iron Chelators and Therapeutic Peptide Sequences Delivered via a Magnetic Nanocarrier
by Gayani S. Abayaweera, Hongwang Wang, Tej B. Shrestha, Jing Yu, Kyle Angle, Prem Thapa, Aruni P. Malalasekera, Leila Maurmann, Deryl L. Troyer and Stefan H. Bossmann
J. Funct. Biomater. 2017, 8(3), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb8030023 - 26 Jun 2017
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 6059
Abstract
Here, we report the synthesis, characterization, and efficacy study of Fe/Fe3O4-nanoparticles that were co-labeled with a tumor-homing and membrane-disrupting oligopeptide and the iron-chelator Dp44mT, which belongs to the group of the thiosemicarbazones. Dp44mT and the peptide sequence PLFAERL(D [...] Read more.
Here, we report the synthesis, characterization, and efficacy study of Fe/Fe3O4-nanoparticles that were co-labeled with a tumor-homing and membrane-disrupting oligopeptide and the iron-chelator Dp44mT, which belongs to the group of the thiosemicarbazones. Dp44mT and the peptide sequence PLFAERL(D[KLAKLAKKLAKLAK])CGKRK were tethered to the surface of Fe/Fe3O4 core/shell nanoparticles by utilizing dopamine-anchors. The 26-mer contains two important sequences, which are the tumor targeting peptide CGKRK, and D[KLAKLAK]2, known to disrupt the mitochondrial cell walls and to initiate programmed cell death (apoptosis). It is noteworthy that Fe/Fe3O4 nanoparticles can also be used for MRI imaging purposes in live mammals. In a first step of this endeavor, the efficacy of this nanoplatform has been tested on the highly metastatic 4T1 breast cancer cell line. At the optimal ratio of PLFAERD[KLAKLAK]2CGKRK to Dp44mT of 1 to 3.2 at the surface of the dopamine-coated Fe/Fe3O4-nanocarrier, the IC50 value after 24 h of incubation was found to be 2.2 times lower for murine breast cancer cells (4T1) than for a murine fibroblast cell line used as control. Based on these encouraging results, the reported approach has the potential of leading to a new generation of nanoplatforms for cancer treatment with considerably enhanced selectivity towards tumor cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Nanoparticle Design for Medical Diagnosis and Therapy)
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2169 KiB  
Article
Experimental Investigation of Magnetic Nanoparticle-Enhanced Microwave Hyperthermia
by Brogan T. McWilliams, Hongwang Wang, Valerie J. Binns, Sergio Curto, Stefan H. Bossmann and Punit Prakash
J. Funct. Biomater. 2017, 8(3), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb8030021 - 22 Jun 2017
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 7019
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate microwave heating enhancements offered by iron/iron oxide nanoparticles dispersed within tissue-mimicking media for improving efficacy of microwave thermal therapy. The following dopamine-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were considered: 10 and 20 nm diameter spherical core/shell Fe/Fe [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to evaluate microwave heating enhancements offered by iron/iron oxide nanoparticles dispersed within tissue-mimicking media for improving efficacy of microwave thermal therapy. The following dopamine-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were considered: 10 and 20 nm diameter spherical core/shell Fe/Fe3O4, 20 nm edge-length cubic Fe3O4, and 45 nm edge-length/10 nm height hexagonal Fe3O4. Microwave heating enhancements were experimentally measured with MNPs dissolved in an agar phantom, placed within a rectangular waveguide. Effects of MNP concentration (2.5–20 mg/mL) and microwave frequency (2.0, 2.45 and 2.6 GHz) were evaluated. Further tests with 10 and 20 nm diameter spherical MNPs dispersed within a two-compartment tissue-mimicking phantom were performed with an interstitial dipole antenna radiating 15 W power at 2.45 GHz. Microwave heating of 5 mg/mL MNP-agar phantom mixtures with 10 and 20 nm spherical, and hexagonal MNPs in a waveguide yielded heating rates of 0.78 ± 0.02 °C/s, 0.72 ± 0.01 °C/s and 0.51 ± 0.03 °C/s, respectively, compared to 0.5 ± 0.1 °C/s for control. Greater heating enhancements were observed at 2.0 GHz compared to 2.45 and 2.6 GHz. Heating experiments in two-compartment phantoms with an interstitial dipole antenna demonstrated potential for extending the radial extent of therapeutic heating with 10 and 20 nm diameter spherical MNPs, compared to homogeneous phantoms (i.e., without MNPs). Of the MNPs considered in this study, spherical Fe/Fe3O4 nanoparticles offer the greatest heating enhancement when exposed to microwave radiation. These nanoparticles show strong potential for enhancing the rate of heating and radial extent of heating during microwave hyperthermia and ablation procedures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Nanoparticle Design for Medical Diagnosis and Therapy)
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